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Chemical Structure| 144-62-7 Chemical Structure| 144-62-7
Chemical Structure| 144-62-7

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Oxalic acid is a strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables.

Synonyms: Ethanedioic acid; Wood bleach

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Product Details of Oxalic acid

CAS No. :144-62-7
Formula : C2H2O4
M.W : 90.03
SMILES Code : O=C(O)C(O)=O
Synonyms :
Ethanedioic acid; Wood bleach
MDL No. :MFCD00002573
InChI Key :MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :971

Safety of Oxalic acid

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Danger
Hazard Statements:H302+H312-H318-H402
Precautionary Statements:P264-P270-P273-P280-P301+P312+P330-P302+P352+P312-P305+P351+P338+P310-P362+P364-P501

Application In Synthesis of Oxalic acid

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

  • Upstream synthesis route of [ 144-62-7 ]
  • Downstream synthetic route of [ 144-62-7 ]

[ 144-62-7 ] Synthesis Path-Upstream   1~12

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  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 29655-79-6 ]
References: [1] Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 1972, vol. 45, p. 1917 - 1918.
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  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 76179-40-3 ]
  • [ 91895-29-3 ]
References: [1] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1995, vol. 38, # 22, p. 4367 - 4379.
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  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 132335-49-0 ]
  • [ 132335-47-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
75.6%
Stage #1: With sodium hydride In N,N-dimethyl acetamide at 70℃; for 0.333333 h;
Stage #2: at 110℃; for 1 h;
DX-A 03 (2.0 g, 0.011 mol)Was dissolved in dimethylacetamide (100 mL)A solution of 60percent sodium hydride (463 mg, 0.012 mol)Dropwise.The resulting mixture was heated at 70 ° C. for 20 minutes.1-Fluoronaphthalene (1.27 mL, 0.012 mol)Was added dropwise to this mixed solution,And heated at 110 ° C. for 60 minutes.The reaction mixture was diluted with water,And extracted twice with diethyl ether.The extracts are combined,Wash with water,Then washed with saturated sodium chloride solution,It was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate,After concentration under reduced pressure,To obtain an oily compound (DX-A 04, 3.28 g, 75.6percent).
References: [1] Patent: JP2016/172704, 2016, A, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0027; 0053.
  • 4
  • [ 321-38-0 ]
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  • [ 132335-44-5 ]
  • [ 132335-47-8 ]
References: [1] Organic Process Research and Development, 2009, vol. 13, # 5, p. 854 - 856.
[2] Patent: WO2009/87463, 2009, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 7-8.
  • 5
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 132335-46-7 ]
  • [ 132335-47-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
84.2% at 20℃; for 21 h; Example 10; Preparation of (S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl)propylamine Oxalic Acid Salt(S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2 yl)propylamine (10 g, 32.1 mmoles) was dissolved in isopropyl acetate (50 mL) at ambient temperature. A solution of oxalic acid dihydrate (3.64 g, 25.7 moles, 0.8 eq) in water (30 mL) was then added. The resulting mixture was stirred for 21 hours and filtered. The filter cake was washed with isopropyl acetate (10 mL) and dried under vacuum at 40° C. to yield 10.87 g of the product as a white solid (Yield: 84.2percent; HPLC (peak area at 220 nm) oxalic acid 1.78percent, 4-[3-dimethylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propyl]naphthol 0.10percent, 1-naphthol 0.35percent, (S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl)propylamine 97.65percent; Titration: 99.5percent; Karl Fischer: 0.06percent; XRD as shown in FIG. 1 (Form A); IR essentially as shown in FIG. 3 (Form A); TGA DSC as shown in FIG. 2, mp onset 152.6° C.).
78.6% at 20℃; for 2 h; Example 12Preparation of (S)-N,N-dimethyl(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl)propylamine Oxalic Acid Salt(S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2 yl)propylamine (10 g, 32.1 mmoles) was dissolved in isopropyl acetate (50 mL) at ambient temperature. A solution of oxalic acid dihydrate (3.64 g, 25.7 mmoles, 0.8 eq) in isopropanol (30 mL) was then added dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 hours and filtered. The filter cake was dried under vacuum at 50° C. to yield 10.14 g of the product as a white solid (Yield: 78.6percent; HPLC (peak area at 220 nm) oxalic acid 1.56percent, 4-[3-dimethylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propyl]naphthol not detected, 1-naphthol not detected, (S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl)propylamine 98.36percent; Titration: 99.4percent; Karl Fischer: 0.06percent; IR essentially as shown in FIG. 3, Form A).
78.9% at 20℃; for 16 h; Example 11Preparation of (S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl)propylamine Oxalic Acid Salt(S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2 yl)propylamine (10 g, 32.1 mmoles) was dissolved in isopropyl acetate (50 mL) at ambient temperature. A solution of oxalic acid dihydrate (3.64 g, 25.7 mmoles, 0.8 eq) in methanol (4 mL) was then added. An additional volume of isopropyl acetate (50 mL) was added for improved stirring. The resulting mixture was stirred for 16 hours and filtered. The filter cake was washed with isopropyl acetate (10 mL) and dried under vacuum at 55° C. to yield 10.21 g of the product as a white solid (Yield: 78.9percent; HPLC (peak area at 220 nm) oxalic acid 1.66percent, 4-[3-dimethylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propyl]naphthol not detected, 1-naphthol not detected, (S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl)propylamine 98.24percent; Titration: 100.1percent; Karl Fischer: 0.22percent; XRD as shown in FIG. 1 (Form A); IR as shown in FIG. 3 (Form A).
77% at 20℃; for 1 h; Preparation of DNT Oxalate
Example 6
To a solution of 2.1 g of DNT-base (12percent enantiomer R) dissolved in 12 ml of ethyl acetate was added a solution of 0.6 g of oxalic acid in 12 ml of ethyl acetate.
The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for an hour, filtrated and washed with ethyl acetate.
After drying, in a vacuum oven for overnight, 2 g (77percent yield) of DNT-oxalate were obtained containing 12percent of enantiomer R.
88 % ee
Stage #1: With pyridine-SO3 complex In dimethyl sulfoxide; toluene for 0.5 h;
Stage #2: for 16 h;
Example 1Preparation of (S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2 yl) Propylamine Oxalic Acid Salt(S-3-Dimethylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propanol (50 g, 0.270 moles) and sodium hydroxide (21.6 g, 0.540 moles, 2 eq.) were heated in DMSO (500 mL) at 60-80° C. for 1 hour. The temperature was controlled at 60° C.+/-4° C. before 1-fluoronaphthalene (43.6 g, 38.5 mL, 0.299 moles) was added. The mixture heated at this temperature for 64 hours. Water (500 mL) was added, and the mixture extracted with toluene (2.x.500 mL). The organic layers were then combined and washed with water (500 mL). HPLC analysis of an evaporated aliquot showed the molar ratio of Compound IV to Compound S-II to be 90:10 and Compound IV to be 88percent ee. Pyridine sulfur trioxide (6.4 g, 0.040 moles) was added to the mixture, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, and was then washed with water (500 mL). The organic layers were then concentrated by distillation until 600 mL of solvent was removed, and ethyl acetate (500 mL) was added. Oxalic acid dihydrate (27.2 g, 0.216 moles) was then added. The resulting suspension was stirred for 16 hours and filtered to yield the product as a white solid. The resulting product was slurried in additional ethyl acetate (200 mL), filtered and dried under vacuum to yield 63.3 g of the product as a white solid (0.158 moles, Yield: 59percent). The resulting product had a molar ratio of Product:(S)-3-dimethylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propanol: 1-fluoronaphthalene of 99.53:0.46:0.02 and 88percent ee.
92 % ee
Stage #1: With pyridine-SO3 complex In Isopropyl acetate; dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 1 h;
Stage #2: at 15 - 20℃; for 16 h;
Example 6Preparation of (S)-N-methyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl) Propylamine Hydrochloride (Duloxetine Hydrochloride)Sodium hydroxide (0.324 kg, 8.1 moles, 2 eq), potassium carbonate (126 kg, 9.1 moles, 2.25 eq.) and (S)-3-dimethylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propanol (750 g, 4.05 moles), were heated in DMSO (7.5 L) at 80° C. for 3 hours and cooled to 40° C. 1-fluoronaphthalene (770'gi.5.3 mol, 1.3 eq) was then added over 5 minutes. Next, the mixture was heated at 40° C. for 17 hour and then at 50-60° C. for 40 hours. The molar ratio of product (Compound IV) to staring alcohol (Compound S-II) was 85.3:14.7, and Compound IV was 92percent ee as determined by HPLC of an aliquot. The mixture was then cooled to 20° C. and quenched with water (5 L). The mixture was divided in two and each portion was extracted twice with isopropyl acetate (2.x.2 L). The four organic phases were combined, washed with water (5 L), and pyridine sulphur trioxide complex (110 g, 0.69 moles, 0.17 eq.) was added. The mixture was then stirred at 20° C. for 30 minutes, and washed with water (5 L). Oxalic acid dihydrate (0.38 kg, 3.0 moles, 0.75 eq.) was then added, and the mixture stirred at 15-20° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was then filtered and slurried in acetone (2.5 L) and isopropyl acetate (5 L) for one hour, and then filtered to yield 2.1 kg (wet product) of (S)-N,N-dimethyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2-yl)propylamine oxalic acid salt as an off-white solid (Yield: 75percent; equivalent to 1.21 kg, (dry product)). The molar ratio of product (Compound IV) to starting alcohol (Compound S-II) was 98.7:1.3 as determined by HPLC. Compound IV oxalate salt was 92percent ee as determined by chiral HPLC.Example 7Preparation of (S)-N,N-dimethyl-(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2 yl)propylamine Oxalic Acid SaltSodium hydroxide (8.635 g, 216 mmol, 2 eq), potassium carbonate (33.565 g, 243 mmol, 2.25 eq.) and (S)-3-dimethylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propanol (20 g, 108 mmol), were heated in DMSO (200 mL) at 80° C. (temperature inside flask) under vacuum such that approximately 100 mL of DMSO were distilled in 1 hour. An additional 100 mL of DMSO were then added, and the mixture heated at 80° C. for a further 2 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 40° C. and stirred under an atmosphere of nitrogen. 1-Fluoronaphthalene (17.35 g, 119 mmol, 1.1 eq) was then added, and the mixture maintained with stirring at 40° C. Samples were taken periodically and analysed by NMR. Once an approximately 92percent conversion had been achieved (24 hours), as determined by the ratio of Compounds IV and S-II in the 1H-NMR spectrum, the mixture was cooled to 25° C., quenched with water (150 mL) and extracted twice with isopropyl acetate (2.x.100 mL). The two organic phases were combined, washed with water (75 mL), and pyridine sulphur trioxide complex (1.72 g, 10.8 mmol, 0.1 eq.) was added. The mixture was then stirred at 20° C. for 60 minutes and washed with water (150 mL). The aqueous layer was analysed to be pH 6.8. Oxalic acid dihydrate (10.9 g, 86 mmol, 0.8 eq.) was then added, and the mixture stirred at 15-20° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was then filtered and homogenized to yield 41.83 g of (S)-N,N-dimethyl(3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-thien-2 yl)propylamine oxalic acid salt as an off-white solid (Loss on drying: 6.94percent, Titration: 98.1percent, Karl Fischer: 0.06percent).

References: [1] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 6.
[2] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 7.
[3] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 6-7.
[4] Patent: US2007/173541, 2007, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 6.
[5] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 4.
[6] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 7.
[7] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 7.
[8] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 7-8.
[9] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 5.
[10] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 5-6.
[11] Patent: US2009/93645, 2009, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 6.
[12] Patent: WO2010/79404, 2010, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 7-8.
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References: [1] Patent: WO2011/33366, 2011, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 23.
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References: [1] Patent: WO2007/38253, 2007, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 19.
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  • [ 132335-46-7 ]
  • [ 932013-45-1 ]
  • [ 132335-47-8 ]
References: [1] Patent: WO2007/86948, 2007, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 15.
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  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 907606-68-2 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
59.7%
Stage #1: at 0 - 21℃;
Stage #2: With methanesulfonic acid In dichloromethane; water at 0 - 21℃; for 18.25 h; Sealed tube
6.2 Example 29:; Preparation of (1 S,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole- 1 - carboxylic acid t-butyl ester oxalic acid 1 : 1 salt from (lS,3aR,6aS)- octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l -carboxylic acid hydrochloride.; [0419] Step 1 : To a 1650 mL thick- walled glass pressure bottle (Ace Glass, Inc., 8648-157) equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was charged 75 g (306.9 mmol) of the (lS,3aR,6aS)- octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l -carboxylic acid hydrochloride / ammonium chloride admixture prepared in Example 28, 375 mL dichloromethane, and 497 mL t-butyl acetate. The resulting mixture was stirred vigorously at ambient temperature (about 210C) to break large aggregates to provide a free-stirring suspension. This suspension was cooled to an internal temperature of 00C using a brine - ice bath and 75.4 mL (1162 mmol) methanesulfonic acid was added dropwise over 15 minutes, during which the internal temperature rose to 5°C. The pressure bottle was sealed and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature (about 210C) with vigorous stirring over 18 hours, during which the reaction mixture became a suspension of white inorganic salts in an amber solution. The mixture was cooled in an ice bath and the pressure bottle carefully vented and uncapped. The mixture was transferred to a 3 L flask and cooled in an ice bath with stirring. 400 mL of 50percent (wt:wt) NaOH in water was added to the mixture over 35 minutes while maintaining its temperature below 200C. The stirring was halted and the phases were allowed to separate. The organic phase (-850 mL) was removed to a separate vessel. The remaining aqueous phase and rag layer (pH 13, -800 mL) were extracted with 375 mL dichloromethane. The organic phases were combined (-1250 mL) and washed with water (2 x 225 mL). The resulting organic phase was filtered to remove a rag layer and any insoluble material, and the solvent was removed by rotary vacuum evaporation to give 48.3 g dark-amber oil. The 1H NMR spectrum of the oil showed (lS,3aR,6aS)- octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l-carboxylic acid ?-butyl ester.[0420] A second preparation following the same procedure yielded was 50.6 g of the trans- (lS,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester oil.[0421] Step 2: 97.9 g (463.3 mmol) of (lS,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester from the two preparations according to Step 1 were dissolved in 750 mL t-butyl acetate and charged to a 3 L four-neck flask equipped with overhead mechanical stirring, a thermometer, addition funnel, and reflux condenser. With stirring at ambient temperature (-210C), a solution of 44.0 g (488.6 mmol) of oxalic acid in 750 mL 2-propanol was added dropwise over 37 minutes, increasing the mixture's temperature to 31°C. Solids began to precipitate after addition of -50 mL of the oxalic acid solution, and resulted in a thick suspension after the addition of 450 mL. After addition of 500 mL of the oxalate solution, the precipitated solids redissolved to provide a dark yellow solution. Solids precipitated again rapidly after the addition of 600 mL of the oxalic solution and persisted through the end of the oxalic acid addition. This suspension was then heated 78°C to provide a thin suspension which was allowed to cool passively with stirring to ambient temperature (-210C). After 16 hours since the cooling began, the precipitated solids were collected by filtration and washed successively with isopropanol (450 mL), isopropyl acetate (450 mL), and methyl t-butyl methyl ether (450 mL). The solids were dried in a vacuum oven (300C, 25" vacuum, N2 stream) to provide 118.1 g (lS,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester oxalic acid 1 : 1 salt (64percent yield from (lS,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l-carboxylic acid hydrochloride) as a dense, tan free flowing powder (99.7percent purity by GC analysis), which exhibited the expected 1H-NMR spectrum for (lS,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l-carboxylic acid ?-butyl ester oxalic acid (1 : 1) salt.[0422] Recrystallization of (1 S,3aR,6aS)- octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole- 1 -carboxylic acid t-butyl ester oxalic acid (1 :1) salt: The tan powder from Step 2 above (118. I g, 391.9 mmol) and isopropanol (1950 mL) were charged to a 3 L four neck flask equipped with a mechanical stirring, a thermometer, and a reflux condenser. The suspension was stirred and heated to 74°C to completely dissolve the salt, resulting in a yellow solution. The stirring was slowed and the solution was allowed to cool passively to ambient temperature (-210C). After 20 hours since the cooling began, the precipitated solids collected by filtration and washed successively with isopropanol (1 L), isopropyl acetate (1 L), and methyl ?-butyl methyl ether (1 L). The solids were dried in a vacuum oven (400C, 28" vacuum, N2 stream) to provide 110.45 g (lS,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester oxalic acid 1 :1 salt (59.7percent yield from (lS,3aR,6aS)-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrole-l -carboxylic acid hydrochloride) as fine, off-white needles of 99.9percent purity by GC analysis). Chiral GC analysis showed only the desired (lS,3aR,6aS)-stereoisomer. Its (2S)-epimer was not detected.
References: [1] Patent: WO2010/8828, 2010, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 96-98.
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  • [ 144-62-7 ]
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YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
0.08 g
Stage #1: With methanesulfonic acid In chloroform at 0 - 25℃; for 18 h;
Stage #2: at 75 - 80℃; for 0.5 h;
[Isolation of Hydrogenoxalate] [0155] To 250 mg of the mixture of the hydrochloride of amino acid (i) and ammonium chloride prepared in Example 29 were added 4 mL of chloroform and 1.7 mL of tert-butyl acetate. The resulting suspension was cooled to 0° C. and then 0.25 mL of methanesulfonic acid was added. The mixture was warmed slowly to 25° C. and then stirred at this temperature for 18 hours. The resulting white suspension was cooled to 0° C., and then 1.3 mL of a 50percent aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added carefully with the temperature kept at 20° C. or lower. Water (15 mL) and chloroform (15 mL) were added and then stirred for 15 minutes. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was subjected to extraction with 15 mL of chloroform three times. The organic layers were combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure. To the pale green residue was added a solution of 2.5 mL of tert-butyl acetate and 146.7 mg of oxalic acid in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). The resulting mixture was heated to 75 to 80° C., stirred for 30 minutes, allowed to cool to ambient temperature (about 20° C.), stirred for 18 hours, and then filtered. The resulting cake was washed with 5 mL of 2-propanol and with 5 mL of methyl tert-butyl ether respectively and then dried, affording 0.08 g (0.27 mmol: overall yield from nitrile (h): 25percent) of hydrogenoxalate of tert-butyl (j) as a white solid.
References: [1] Patent: US2014/94616, 2014, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0155.
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  • [ 75-65-0 ]
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YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
81%
Stage #1: With sodium hydrogen sulfate In tert-butyl methyl ether; water for 0.5 h;
Stage #2: With dmap; sodium hydrogen sulfate; di-<i>tert</i>-butyl dicarbonate In tert-butyl methyl ether; water at 20 - 25℃; for 5 - 6 h;
A mixture of the (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthylammonium salt prepared as in Example 3, Method 1 (81.7 g, 0.203 mol), t-butyl methyl ether (400 mL) and 5percent NaHSO4-H2O (867 mL, 0.304 mol) was stirred for 30 minutes until all solids were dissolved. The organic phase was washed with water (334 mL) then concentrated to 259 mL. t-Butyl methyl ether (334 mL) was added and the solution was concentrated again to 259 mL. The addition-concentration process was repeated twice more. After the final concentration, t-BuOH (158 mL) and dimethylaminopyridine (5.04 g, 41.3 mmol) were added. A solution of Boc2O (67.6 g, 0.31 mol) in t-butylmethyl ether (52.0 mL) was added. After stirring for 5 hours at ambient temperature, t-butyl methyl ether (158 mL) and 5percent aqueous NaHSO4-H2O (260 mL) were added and the resultant mixture was stirred. The organic phase was washed with 5percent aqueous NaCl (twice, 260 mL each). The organic phase was concentrated to 320 mL, and tetrahydrofuran (320 mL) was added. The organic phase was concentrated again to 320 mL, and tetrahydrofuran (320 mL) was added. After concentrating to 320 mL once more, methane sulfonic acid (80.1 g, 0.62 mol) was added and the solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 4.5 hours. The reaction mixture was added to a 30percent aqueous solution of K2CO3 (571 mL) and stirred. The aqueous phase was extracted with isopropyl acetate (320 mL). The combined organic phases were concentrated to 320 mL, and isopropyl acetate (320 mL) was added. The organic solution was concentrated again to 320 mL. The organic phase was washed with water (320 mL). Isopropyl acetate (320 mL) was added to the organic phase and the solution was concentrated to 192 mL. Isopropyl acetate (320 mL) was added a second time, and the organic solution was concentrated to 192 mL. A solution of oxalic acid (24.1 g, 267 mmol) in isopropyl acetate (448 mL) was added to the organic solution over 2 hours. The mixture was stirred for 2-4 hours, and the slurry was filtered. The white solids were rinsed with isopropyl acetate (100 mL) and dried at 35-40° C. under vacuum to yield 52.6 g of the title compound (85percent yield); A mixture of (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthylammonium salt as prepared by the method of Example 3, Method 2 (148 g, 0.609 mol), t-butyl methyl ether (726 mL) and 5percent NaHSO4-H2O (1.58 L, 0.913 mol) was stirred until all of the solids had dissolved. The phases were separated and the organic phase washed with water (726 mL). The organic phase was concentrated to about 400 mL. t-Butyl methyl ether (726 mL) was added and the mixture concentrated to 590 mL. The addition of t-butyl methyl ether and concentration was repeated to give a final volume of 350 mL. Dimethylaminopyridine (8.42 g, 68.9 mmol) and t-butyl alcohol (260 mL) were added, followed by addition of a solution of Boc2O (112 g, 0.52 mol) in MTBE (88 mL) over 0.5 hour. The mixture was stirred for 5 hours at 22-25° C. A solution of 5percent sodium bisulfate in water was added and the mixture stirred for 0.5 hour. The organic phase was washed with 5percent sodium chloride (twice, 440 mL each) and concentrated to 270 mL. Tetrahydrofuran (540 mL) was added and the mixture concentrated to 270 mL; this procedure was repeated twice more to give a final volume of 270 mL. Methane sulfonic acid (67 mL) was added over 0.5 hour while maintaining a temperature of lower than 30° C. and the mixture stirred at 22-25° C. for 12 hours. The mixture was added to a 30percent aqueous solution of potassium carbonate (478 mL) while maintaining a temperature of 22-25° C. The mixture was filtered, the phases separated and the aqueous phase extracted with isopropyl acetate (twice, 540 mL each). The organic phase was concentrated to 270 mL, then twice evaporated with isopropyl acetate (540 ml) to give a final volume of 540 mL. The organic phase was washed with water (twice, 540 mL), then twice evaporated with isopropyl acetate (320 mL) to give a final volume of 320 mL. Additional isopropyl acetate (429 mL) was added followed by addition of a solution of oxalic acid (40.4 g, 0.448 mol) in t-butylmethyl ether (321 mL) over 2 hours maintaining a temperature of 22-25° C. The mixture was stirred for 3 hours at 22-25° C. then filtered. The filter cake was washed with isopropyl acetate (100 mL) and the product dried at 35-40° C. under vacuum to give the title compound as a white solid (88.4 g, 81percent).
References: [1] Patent: US2007/87973, 2007, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 43-44.
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References: [1] Organic Process Research and Development, 2014, vol. 18, # 10, p. 1234 - 1244.
 

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