VRAC (Volume-Regulated Anion Channel) is a type of transmembrane channel protein responsible for cell volume regulation and ion balance. They are composed of multiple subunits, forming heteromeric structures mainly located on the cell membranes of various cell types. VRAC is involved in regulating intracellular and extracellular ion balance by modulating the transmembrane transport of anions (such as Cl⁻) and organic substances during osmotic pressure changes, maintaining cell volume stability. The expression of VRAC varies in different tissues and cells, and its gene mutations or expression abnormalities are associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders.