Sulfiredoxin (Srx), also known as sulfiredoxin, is an enzyme involved in cellular antioxidant defense. It is primarily responsible for reducing peroxidized peroxiredoxin (Prx) proteins, restoring their antioxidant activity. Srx is located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria and is widely present in various cells and tissues. By participating in the regulation of peroxiredoxin activity, Srx influences the cell's response to oxidative stress, participating in various biological reactions and signaling pathways, such as cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, and cell cycle regulation. The specific expression and mutations of the gene are associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.