PACAP receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family, including three subtypes: PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2, each with seven transmembrane domains. They are widely distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues such as the brain, heart, and pancreas. PACAP receptors participate in regulating physiological processes such as neurotransmission, cardiovascular function, and insulin secretion by recognizing PACAP and VIP. They activate the cAMP and IP3 signaling pathways, promoting an increase in intracellular calcium ions. The specific expression and regulation of PACAP receptors are crucial for neuroprotection, maintenance of cardiac function, and metabolic regulation. Mutations or abnormal expression of PACAP receptors are associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes.