The Orexin Receptors (OX Receptors) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors, primarily including two subtypes: OX1 and OX2. These receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system, particularly in the hypothalamus and brainstem. OX receptors, by binding to orexins (also known as hypocretins), participate in regulating physiological processes such as the sleep-wake cycle, appetite, energy metabolism, and mood. Activation of OX receptors triggers the activation of multiple signaling pathways, including cAMP and calcium ion signaling pathways. The specific expression and mutations of OX receptor genes are associated with various diseases, such as sleep disorders (including narcolepsy) and metabolic disorders.