Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase (PI5P4K) is an enzyme involved in phosphatidylinositol signaling, responsible for converting phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P) to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2). The PI5P4K family includes three isoforms, PI5P4Kα, PI5P4Kβ, and PI5P4Kγ, mainly located in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. These enzymes play roles in processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis, participating in various signaling pathways such as insulin signaling, cytoskeleton rearrangement, and membrane transport. The expression of PI5P4K genes is tissue- and cell-type-specific, and mutations or abnormal expression are associated with various diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders.