The LDL receptor (LDLR) is a member of the family of cell surface receptors primarily responsible for mediating the uptake of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from the blood, regulating cholesterol homeostasis. The structure of LDLR includes extracellular LDL-binding domains, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular tail. It is predominantly expressed on hepatocytes, facilitating the clearance of LDL from the bloodstream via endocytosis. The activity and expression of LDLR are subject to genetic regulation, and its specific expression is crucial for maintaining cholesterol balance. Mutations in the LDLR gene can lead to familial hypercholesterolemia, a hereditary disorder characterized by abnormally high levels of LDL in the blood.