Epigenetics involves a series of mechanisms that can regulate gene expression without changing the DNA sequence, thereby affecting cell differentiation, development, and adaptive changes. These epigenetic regulations include DNA methylation, histone modifications (such as acetylation and methylation), and RNA-related regulations (such as the role of non-coding RNAs). Environmental stimuli, intracellular signals, or signals during development can activate specific transcription factors or kinases, which in turn affect the expression and function of DNA methyltransferases, histone acetyltransferases or deacetylases, and non-coding RNAs, leading to changes in gene expression patterns.