Home Chemistry Heterocyclic Building Blocks Other Aromatic Heterocycles Indolizine
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS): Indolizine, like benzene, is susceptible to electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. This means it can react with electrophiles (electron-deficient species) that can substitute a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring. This reaction can lead to the introduction of various functional groups.
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (NAS): In certain cases, indolizine can also undergo nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions, where a nucleophile (electron-rich species) replaces a leaving group on the aromatic ring.
Reduction Reactions: Indolizine can be reduced to its dihydro derivative, dihydroindolizine, using reducing agents like lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) or catalytic hydrogenation.
Metalation Reactions: The nitrogen atoms in indolizine can coordinate with transition metals, leading to the formation of metal complexes. This can be used as a starting point for further reactions.
Halogenation Reactions: Indolizine can undergo halogenation, where halogen atoms (e.g., Cl, Br) can be added to the ring under appropriate conditions.
Oxidation Reactions: Indolizine can be oxidized to various products depending on the conditions. For example, it can be converted to the corresponding N-oxide or other oxygenated derivatives.
Alkylation and Acylation Reactions: Indolizine can be alkylated or acylated at the nitrogen atoms or at positions on the aromatic ring under appropriate conditions.
Substitution Reactions: The hydrogen atoms on the pyrrole and pyridine rings can be replaced by various nucleophiles, depending on the reaction conditions.
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