Home Chemistry Heterocyclic Building Blocks Imidazolidines 3-Phenylimidazolidine-2,4-Dione
Acid-Base Reactions: Phenytoin contains an imidazole ring, which can act as a weak base. It can react with strong acids to form salts. For example, it can react with hydrochloric acid to form phenytoin hydrochloride.
Oxidation: Phenytoin can undergo oxidation reactions. In the body, it is metabolized by hepatic enzymes, primarily by the cytochrome P450 system. The oxidation products include 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin and 5-(4,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin.
Reduction: Phenytoin can undergo reduction reactions under certain conditions. This can lead to the formation of different reduced products.
Nucleophilic Substitution: The carbonyl group in the imidazolidine-2,4-dione ring is susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This can occur in reactions with strong nucleophiles.
Esterification: The carboxyl group in the structure can potentially react in esterification reactions with alcohols and a suitable catalyst.
Photochemical Reactions: Like many organic compounds, phenytoin can undergo photochemical reactions when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light.
Metal Complexation: Phenytoin can form complexes with various metal ions, particularly transition metals.
Decomposition Reactions: When subjected to high temperatures or extreme conditions, phenytoin may undergo decomposition reactions.
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4-(4,4-Dimethyl-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-2-trifluoromethylbenzonitrile
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