Kisspeptin receptor, also known as GPR54 or KISS1 receptor, is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, featuring seven transmembrane domains. It is primarily expressed in the hypothalamus, as well as other brain regions and reproductive organs, playing a crucial role in initiating and maintaining the reproductive axis. By activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, it promotes the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Kisspeptin and its receptor mediate their biological effects through various signaling pathways, such as the PLC, PKC, and MAPK pathways. Gene-specific expression is closely associated with reproductive development, and mutations or expression changes are linked to various reproductive system disorders, such as abnormalities in puberty development and infertility.