The Arp2/3 complex is a crucial regulatory factor in the rearrangement of the cellular cytoskeleton, composed of seven subunits: Arp2, Arp3, and five auxiliary subunits, forming a complex structure. It predominantly localizes in the cytoplasm, facilitating branching and polymerization of actin filaments, and participating in processes such as cell migration, phagocytosis, and maintenance of cell morphology. The expression of the Arp2/3 complex varies in different cell types and tissues, with its activity regulated by various signaling pathways, including the Rho family GTPase signals. Specific gene expression patterns and mutations affect cellular dynamics, contributing to the development of various diseases, including cancer. The Arp2/3 complex serves as a core component in the intracellular organization of the actin cytoskeletal network.