NKCC(Na+-K+-2Cl- Cotransporter)family includes two main members, NKCC1 and NKCC2, which are transmembrane proteins responsible for maintaining ion balance inside and outside the cell. NKCC1 is widely expressed in various cell types throughout the body, involved in regulating cell volume and pH; NKCC2 is mainly expressed in the thick ascending limb cells of the kidney, crucial for regulating fluid and electrolyte balance. These cotransporters facilitate various physiological and pathological processes by using Na+ and K+ gradients to drive Cl- absorption. Specific gene expression and mutations may lead to electrolyte imbalance, associated with various diseases such as hypertension, deafness, and kidney disorders. NKCC activity is regulated by multiple signaling pathways, including hormones and stress responses.