Urease is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia, widely found in bacteria, fungi, plants, and some invertebrates. It is a nickel-dependent metalloenzyme composed of multiple subunits, featuring complex tertiary and quaternary structures. Urease is typically located in the cytoplasm, participating in the nitrogen cycle and cellular adaptation to environmental pH changes. Moreover, urease in certain pathogenic microorganisms is involved in pathogen-host interactions, facilitating infection. The specific expression and mutations of genes can affect the activity and stability of urease, thereby influencing the growth, development, and pathogenic capability of the organism.