The FGFR family comprises FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4, which are receptors with transmembrane tyrosine kinase activity. Their structural features include three immunoglobulin-like domains and one tyrosine kinase domain. These receptors are located on the cell membrane and regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, and other biological responses by binding with fibroblast growth factors (FGF), activating signaling pathways such as MAPK and PI3K-Akt. The expression of FGFR genes is specific to different cells and tissues, and related mutations can lead to various diseases, including cancer and abnormalities in bone development. Currently, FGFR has become an important research target and therapeutic target for related diseases.