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Ethyl pyruvate is a simple aliphatic ester of pyruvic acid and has been shown to have robust neuroprotective effects via its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic functions.
Synonyms: CTI-01
4.5
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Ethyl pyruvate is a simple aliphatic ester of pyruvic acid and has been shown to have robust neuroprotective effects via its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic functions.
Synonyms: CTI-01
4.5
*For Research Use Only !
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CAS No. : | 617-35-6 |
Formula : | C5H8O3 |
M.W : | 116.12 |
SMILES Code : | CC(C(OCC)=O)=O |
Synonyms : |
CTI-01
|
MDL No. : | MFCD00009123 |
InChI Key : | XXRCUYVCPSWGCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 12041 |
GHS Pictogram: | ![]() |
Signal Word: | Danger |
Hazard Statements: | H225 |
Precautionary Statements: | P501-P210-P233-P370+P378-P303+P361+P353-P403+P235 |
Class: | 3 |
UN#: | 3272 |
Packing Group: | Ⅲ |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With PPA; sodium bicarbonate; sulfuric acid; In ethanol; | Example 39 (7-Chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-methanone 2-Chlorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (0.5 g) in ethanol (25 mL) was treated with ethylpyruvate (0.324 g) and concentrated sulfuric acid (3 drops). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for five min and treated with polyphosphoric acid (0.5 g). The mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 24 h whereupon additional polyphosphoric acid (0.5 g) was added and heating continued for a further 48 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water and the pH of the aqueous layer adjusted to neutrality by addition of saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The organic fraction was separated, washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (5-10% ethyl acetate/hexane) to give 7-Chloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (0.227 g). This material (0.102 g) was used without further purification. | |
With PPA;sulfuric acid; In ethanol; at 20℃; for 72h;Heating / reflux; | 2-Chlorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (0.5 g) in ethanol (25 mL) was treated with [ETHYLPYRUVATE] (0.324 g) and concentrated sulfuric acid (3 drops). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for five min and treated with polyphosphoric acid (0.5 g). The mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 24 h whereupon additional polyphosphoric acid (0.5 g) was added and heating continued for a further 48 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water and the pH of the aqueous layer adjusted to neutrality by addition of saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The organic fraction was separated, washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (5-10% ethyl acetate/hexane) to give [7-CHLORO-1 H-] indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (0.227 g). This material (0.102 g) was used without further purification. The ester was treated with 1 M lithium hydroxide in ethanol (5 mL) followed by water {3 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The solution was acidified with 10% hydrochloric acid, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to afford give 7- [CHLORO-1 H-INDOLE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID] (0.089 g). This material (0.089 g), was treated with HATU (0.259 g), HOAT (0.093 g), N, [N-DIISOPROPYLETHYLAMINE] (0.158 mL) and N-methylpiperazine (0.05 mL) in DMF (0. [6] mL) and stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with 1 M hydrochloric acid, saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and then brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (2-10% 2 M ammonia in [METHANOL/DICHLOROMETHANE)] to give the title compound (0.56 g).'H NMR (400 MHz, [CDCI3)] : [8] 9.17 [(BR S, 1 H),] 7.47 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, [1H),] 7.21 (dd, J = 7.6, 0.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.01 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.73 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.88 {br m, 4H), 2.45 (t, J = 5.1 Hz, 4H), 2.29 (s, 3H). | |
2-Chlorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (0.5 g) in ethanol (25 mL) was treated with ethylpyruvate (0.324 g) and concentrated sulfuric acid (3 drops). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for five min and treated with polyphosphoric acid (0.5 g). The mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 24 h whereupon additional polyphosphoric acid (0.5 g) was added and heating continued for a further 48 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water and the pH of the aqueous layer adjusted to neutrality by addition of saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The organic fraction was separated, washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (5-10% ethyl acetate/hexane) to give 7-Chloro-1 H-indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (0.227 g). This material (0.102 g) was used without further purification. The ester was treated with 1 M lithium hydroxide in ethanol (5 mL) followed by water (3 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The solution was acidified with 10% hydrochloric acid, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to afford give 7-Chloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (0.089 g). This material (0.089 g), was treated with HATU (0.259 g), HOAT (0.093 g), N, N-diisopropylethylamine (0.158 mL) and N-methylpiperazine (0.05 mL) in DMF (0.6 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with 1 M hydrochloric acid, saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and then brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified via silica gel chromatography (2-10% 2 M ammonia in methanol/ dichloromethane) to give the title compound (0.56 g). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
47% | toluene-4-sulfonic acid; In toluene; for 16h;Reflux; Water separator; | EXAMPLE XIX Ethyl 7-bromo-1H-indole-2-carboxylate 11.0 g <strong>[16732-66-4]2-bromophenylhydrazine</strong> and 550 mg p-toluenesulphonic acid monohydrate are dissolved in 200 ml of toluene, combined with 6.74 ml ethyl pyruvate and refluxed for 2 hours using the water separator. The mixture is allowed to cool to 40 C. and combined with a solution that is obtained by dissolving 44.75 g p-toluenesulphonic acid monohydrate in 300 ml of toluene and refluxing for two hours using the water separator. Then the mixture is refluxed for 12 hours using the water separator. After cooling to ambient temperature the solvents are eliminated in vacuo, the residue is taken up in ethyl acetate and washed successively with water and saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. After drying with magnesium sulphate the mixture is combined with activated charcoal, stirred for 15 minutes and filtered through kieselguhr. The process of adding activated charcoal, stirring and filtering is repeated twice more. The solvents are eliminated in vacuo and the residue is taken up in petroleum ether/dichloromethane 7:3. 30 g of silica gel are added, the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes and then suction filtered through kieselguhr. The suction filtered silica gel is washed with petroleum ether/dichloromethane 7:3. The solvents are eliminated in vacuo. Yield: 7.37 g (47% of theory) HPLC (method 1): retention time=3.82 min. Mass spectrum (ESI+): m/z=268 [M+H]+ |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In ethanol; | Part A. Ethyl pyruvate (o-methoxyphenyl)hydrazone After adding 20 ml. (0.15 mole) ethyl pyruvate to a solution of 26.1 g. (0.15 mole) o-methoxyphenylhydrazine hydrochloride in 200 ml. ethanol, the reaction solution was heated for 5 mins. at about 60 C. After cooling the reaction mixture and diluting with water, a precipitate formed. The solids were collected on a filter and recrystallized from methanol. There was thus obtained 17.8 g. of ethyl pyruvate (o-methoxyphenyl)hydrazone as a mixture of syn and anti isomers (60% and 40%, respectively) having a melting range of 58 to 83 C. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With acetic acid; In ethanol; at 120℃; for 0.333333h;Microwave irradiation; | To a solution of crude <strong>[337915-79-4]5-bromo-N1-methylbenzene-1,2-diamine</strong> in ethanol (5 mL) 0. 366 mL of ethyl pyruvate was added. To that mixture sufficient acetic acid was added to provide a 1% v/v acetic acod in ethanol solution. The reaction mixture was heated in a microwave reactor at 120 C. for 20 minutes and allowed to cool to room temperature. The yellow precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with two 5 mL portions of ethanol. The yellow solid was dried under vacuum to provide 7-bromo-1,3-dimethylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one.MS (ESI) m/z 254.9 (M+H+). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
~ 10%Chromat. | With sulfuric acid; In toluene; at 110℃; for 5h; | The bisketal of erythritol and ethyl pyruvate was synthesized as follows. A 1000 mL, three neck round bottom flask was charged with 122.12g (1.00 mol) erythritol (obtained from Cargill of Wayzata, MN), 348.36g (3.00 mol) ethyl pyruvate (obtained from the Sigma-Aldrich Company of St. Louis, MO), and 235g toluene (obtained from Fisher Scientific of Waltham, MA). The flask was equipped with a thermocouple, mechanical stirrer, and Dean-Stark trap with an attached condenser. A bubbler was attached to the top of the condenser of the Dean Stark trap to release positive pressure in the flask.The reaction was stirred and heated to 11O0C using a heating mantle. Upon reaching 11O0C, 29muL of concentrated sulfuric acid (obtained from the Sigma-Aldrich Company of St. Louis, MO) was quickly added by metered micropipette. A liquid was observed to collect in the Dean-Stark trap; the trapped liquid separated into two layers upon cooling. The top layer was presumed to be toluene, and the bottom layer presumed to be water. The top layer was allowed to return to the flask while the bottom layer continued to collect in the Dean-Stark trap. Heating and stirring were continued for approximately 5 hours, at which time 2/3 the theoretical amount of water had been collected in the Dean-Stark trap. The contents of the flask were allowed to cool to room temperature. The cooled contents of the flask were analyzed by GC-MS. The GC trace showed about 10% yield of the bisketal structure of erythritol and ethyl pyruvate, referred to as "EtBPEK". The toluene was stripped from the contents of the flask by rotary evaporation. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
190 mg | 3-Amino-2-chloro-pyridine 4f (150 mg, 1.17 mmol), ethyl pyruvate 8 (0.25 ml, 2.00 mmol), pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate, (73 mg, 0.29 mmol) and tetraethoxy-silane (0.26 ml, 1.18 mmol) were suspended in 0.4 ml pyridine and stirred for 24 h at 20 °C. Afterwards Pd[P(C6H6)3]4 (70 mg, 0.06 mmol) and N,N-dicyclohexylmethylamine (0.35 ml, 2.06 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was heated in a microwave oven to 160 °C for 20 min. The reaction mixture is diluted with 100 ml dichloromethan and extracted two times with 50 ml of a half saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonat solution. The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified using chromatography method P3, yielding 190 mg (1.00 mmol) of 1H-Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. The ester was dissolved in 17 ml ethanol and 5 ml water. To this solution lithium hydroxide (120 mg, 5.00 mmol) was added. After 16 h the pH value of the reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 4 and the solvent is evaporated in vacuum. The crude product was purified using an acid ion exchanger (Strata-X-C, Phenomenex), yielding of 155 mg (82percent) of the title compound. Purity by method A1: >95percent; MS (ESI) m/z 163 (M + H)+; 1H NMR (DMSO) delta (ppm) 13.34 (br, 1H), 8.77 (d, J = 5.3 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (dd, J = 5.4 Hz, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (br, 1H); 13C NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) delta (ppm) 161.4 (s), 138.0 (s), 136.1 (s), 135.8 (s), 132.7 (s), 128.6 (s), 119.6 (s), 101.2 (s). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
59% | General procedure: All materials were dried for one day at 120 C. Chloride and carbonyl derivatives were introduced into a Schlenk of 30 mL. Products were put in vacuo, then under nitrogen. An appropriate volume of anhydrous DMF was added after 10 min of nitrogen bubbling. The solution was vigorously stirred for 20 min at -20 C. TDAE was added slowly under inert atmosphere. The reaction was stirred for one hour. The second reaction phase was performed at rt or at temperature according to procedure of synthesis. The reaction was hydrolysed with distilled water after TLC analysis clearly showed that the chloride 1 had been totally consumed. The aqueous solution was extracted with dichloromethane and the combined organic layers washed with brine then dried on MgSO4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With trichlorophosphate; In neat (no solvent); at 20 - 100℃; for 1.25h; | 3-Aminoisonicotinic acid (10 g, 72.4 mmol) and ethyl pyruvate (40 ml, 360 mmol) were combined neat and stirred at room temperature for 15 min. POCl3(200 ml, 2146 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated to 100 . After 1 h the mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting dark oil was taken up in ice cold water. This solution was added to saturated aqueous NaHCO3slowly until reaching a final pH 8. The resulting slurry was extracted with EtOAc (3x) . The combined organic extracts were filtered through a pad of silica gel and concentrated. The crude product was subjected to silica gel chromatography (Silicycle-330 g, 40EtOAc/hexanes) to give a solid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
50%; 35% | With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid; In dimethyl sulfoxide; at 70℃; for 24h;Schlenk technique; Molecular sieve; | Take a 25 mL Schlenk reaction tube, add 44 mg of 3-fluoroaniline, 9 mg of palladium acetate and 80 mg of molecular sieve.93 mg of ethyl 2-oxopropionate, 96 mg of acetic acid and 2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide were injected, followed by a 200 mL oxygen balloon, and stirred at 70 C for 24 hours.After the reaction was completed, 15 mL of ethyl acetate was added to dilute the reaction solution, and the filtrate was washed twice with 10 mL of saline.The organic phase is separated, and the aqueous phase is extracted once with ethyl acetate. The organic phases are combined and separated by column chromatography.Pure ethyl 4-fluoro-1H-indole-2-carboxylate 41 mg, yield 50%; pure ethyl 4-fluoro-1H-indole-2-carboxylate 29 mg, yield 35%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
78% | With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid; In dimethyl sulfoxide; at 70℃; for 18h;Schlenk technique; Molecular sieve; | Take a 25mL Schlenk reaction tube, add p-methylaniline 43mg, palladium acetate 9mg and molecular sieve 80mg,93 mg of ethyl 2-oxopropionate, 96 mg of acetic acid and 2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide were injected, followed by a 200 mL oxygen balloon, and stirred at 70 ° C for 18 hours.After the reaction was completed, 15 mL of ethyl acetate was added to dilute the reaction solution, and the filtrate was washed twice with 10 mL of saline.The organic phase was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate.Column chromatography was carried out to obtain 63 mg of the objective product as a pure product, yield 78percent. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
34% | With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid; In dimethyl sulfoxide; at 70℃; for 18h;Schlenk technique; Molecular sieve; | Take a 25mL Schlenk reaction tube, add 44mg p-hydroxyaniline, 9mg palladium acetate and 80mg of molecular sieve.93 mg of ethyl 2-oxopropionate, 96 mg of acetic acid and 2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide were injected, followed by a 200 mL oxygen balloon, and stirred at 70 C for 18 hours.After the reaction was completed, 15 mL of ethyl acetate was added to dilute the reaction solution, and the filtrate was washed twice with 10 mL of saline.The organic phase was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate.Column chromatography was carried out to obtain the objective product as a pure product, 28 mg, yield 34%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
17% | With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid; In dimethyl sulfoxide; at 70℃; for 18h;Schlenk technique; Molecular sieve; | Take a 25mL Schlenk reaction tube, add o-chloroaniline 51mg, palladium acetate 9mg and molecular sieve 80mg, note93 mg of ethyl 2-oxopropionate, 96 mg of acetic acid and 2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide were added, followed by a 200 mL oxygen balloon, and stirred at 70 C for 18 hours.After the reaction was completed, 15 mL of ethyl acetate was added to dilute the reaction solution, and the filtrate was washed twice with 10 mL of saline.The organic phase was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted 1time with ethyl acetate.Column chromatography was carried out to obtain 15 mg of the objective product as a pure product, yield 17%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
34% | With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid; In dimethyl sulfoxide; at 70℃; for 24h;Schlenk technique; Molecular sieve; | Take a 25 mL Schlenk reaction tube and add 66 mg of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate, 9 mg of palladium acetate and 80 mg of molecular sieve.93 mg of ethyl 2-oxopropionate, 96 mg of acetic acid and 2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide were injected, followed by a 200 mL oxygen balloon, and stirred at 70 C for 24 hours.After the reaction was completed, 15 mL of ethyl acetate was added to dilute the reaction solution, and the filtrate was washed twice with 10 mL of saline.The organic phase was separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate.Column chromatography was carried out to obtain the objective product pure product 35 mg, yield 34%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid; In dimethyl sulfoxide; at 70℃; for 12h;Schlenk technique; Molecular sieve; | Take a 25mL Schlenk reaction tube, add 60 mg of <strong>[5369-19-7]3-tert-butylaniline</strong>, 9 mg of palladium acetate and 80 mg of molecular sieve.93 mg of ethyl 2-oxopropionate, 96 mg of acetic acid and 2 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide were injected, followed by a 200 mL oxygen balloon, and stirred at 70 ° C for 12 hours.After the reaction was completed, 15 mL of ethyl acetate was added to dilute the reaction solution, and the filtrate was washed twice with 10 mL of saline.The organic phase was separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate.Column chromatography to give pure desired product 80mg, 82percent yield. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With sodium acetate; In ethanol; for 1.0h;Reflux; | A mixture of compound l-HCl (17.0 g, 86.2 mmol), sodium acetate (7.10 g, 86.6 mmol), and ethyl pyruvate (10.0 g, 86.1 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL) was refluxed for lh, cooled to r.t., and diluted with water (100 mL). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried to obtain 20.0 g (77.3 mmol, 90%) of compound 2 as a mixture of cis- and trans- isomers. |
90% | With sodium acetate; In ethanol; for 1.0h;Reflux; | A mixture of compound 1-HC1 (17.0 g, 86.2 mmol), sodium acetate (7.10 g, 86.6 mmol), and ethyl pyruvate (10.0 g, 86.1 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL) was refluxed for lh, cooled to r.t, and diluted with water (100 mL). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried to obtain 20.0 g (77.3 mmol, 90%) of compound 2 as a mixture of cis- and trans- isomers. |
90% | With sodium acetate; In ethanol; for 1.0h;Reflux; | A mixture of compound 1.HCl (17.0 g, 86.2 mmol), sodium acetate (7.10 g, 86.6 mmol), and ethyl pyruvate (10.0 g, 86.1 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL) was refluxed for 1h, cooled to r.t., and diluted with water (100 mL). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried to obtain 20.0 g (77.3 mmol, 90%) of compound 2 as a mixture of cis- and trans- isomers. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With sodium acetate; In ethanol; for 1.0h;Reflux; | A mixture of compound 1-HCl (17.0 g, 86.2 mmol), sodium acetate (7.10 g, 86.6 mmol), and ethyl pyruvate (10.0 g, 86.1 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL) was refluxed for lh, cooled to r.t., and diluted with water (100 mL). The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and dried to obtain 20.0 g (77.3 mmol, 90%) of compound 2 as a mixture of cis- and trans- isomers. |
Tags: Ethyl pyruvate | Ketones | Esters | Organic Building Blocks | 617-35-6
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P338 | Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
P340 | Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P341 | If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P342 | If experiencing respiratory symptoms: |
P350 | Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P351 | Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. |
P352 | Wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P353 | Rinse skin with water/shower. |
P360 | Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
P361 | Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. |
P362 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. |
P363 | Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. |
P370 | In case of fire: |
P371 | In case of major fire and large quantities: |
P372 | Explosion risk in case of fire. |
P373 | DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives. |
P374 | Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. |
P376 | Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1 |
P377 | Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. |
P378 | |
P380 | Evacuate area. |
P381 | Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so. |
P390 | Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. |
P391 | Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment |
P301 + P310 | IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P301 + P312 | IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. |
P301 + P330 + P331 | IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. |
P302 + P334 | IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
P302 + P350 | IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P303 + P361 + P353 | IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. |
P304 + P312 | IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. |
P304 + P340 | IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P304 + P341 | IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P305 + P351 + P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
P306 + P360 | IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
P307 + P311 | IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P308 + P313 | IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. |
P309 + P311 | IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P332 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
P333 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
P335 + P334 | Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
P337 + P313 | IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
P342 + P311 | IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P370 + P376 | In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so. |
P370 + P378 | In case of fire: |
P370 + P380 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. |
P370 + P380 + P375 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
P371 + P380 + P375 | In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
Storage | |
Code | Phrase |
P401 | |
P402 | Store in a dry place. |
P403 | Store in a well-ventilated place. |
P404 | Store in a closed container. |
P405 | Store locked up. |
P406 | Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner. |
P407 | Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets. |
P410 | Protect from sunlight. |
P411 | |
P412 | Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF. |
P413 | |
P420 | Store away from other materials. |
P422 | |
P402 + P404 | Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container. |
P403 + P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. |
P403 + P235 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. |
P410 + P403 | Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. |
P410 + P412 | Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF. |
P411 + P235 | Keep cool. |
Disposal | |
Code | Phrase |
P501 | Dispose of contents/container to ... |
P502 | Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling |
Physical hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H200 | Unstable explosive |
H201 | Explosive; mass explosion hazard |
H202 | Explosive; severe projection hazard |
H203 | Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard |
H204 | Fire or projection hazard |
H205 | May mass explode in fire |
H220 | Extremely flammable gas |
H221 | Flammable gas |
H222 | Extremely flammable aerosol |
H223 | Flammable aerosol |
H224 | Extremely flammable liquid and vapour |
H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour |
H226 | Flammable liquid and vapour |
H227 | Combustible liquid |
H228 | Flammable solid |
H229 | Pressurized container: may burst if heated |
H230 | May react explosively even in the absence of air |
H231 | May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature |
H240 | Heating may cause an explosion |
H241 | Heating may cause a fire or explosion |
H242 | Heating may cause a fire |
H250 | Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air |
H251 | Self-heating; may catch fire |
H252 | Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire |
H260 | In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously |
H261 | In contact with water releases flammable gas |
H270 | May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer |
H271 | May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer |
H272 | May intensify fire; oxidizer |
H280 | Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated |
H281 | Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury |
H290 | May be corrosive to metals |
Health hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H300 | Fatal if swallowed |
H301 | Toxic if swallowed |
H302 | Harmful if swallowed |
H303 | May be harmful if swallowed |
H304 | May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways |
H305 | May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways |
H310 | Fatal in contact with skin |
H311 | Toxic in contact with skin |
H312 | Harmful in contact with skin |
H313 | May be harmful in contact with skin |
H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage |
H315 | Causes skin irritation |
H316 | Causes mild skin irritation |
H317 | May cause an allergic skin reaction |
H318 | Causes serious eye damage |
H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
H320 | Causes eye irritation |
H330 | Fatal if inhaled |
H331 | Toxic if inhaled |
H332 | Harmful if inhaled |
H333 | May be harmful if inhaled |
H334 | May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled |
H335 | May cause respiratory irritation |
H336 | May cause drowsiness or dizziness |
H340 | May cause genetic defects |
H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects |
H350 | May cause cancer |
H351 | Suspected of causing cancer |
H360 | May damage fertility or the unborn child |
H361 | Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child |
H361d | Suspected of damaging the unborn child |
H362 | May cause harm to breast-fed children |
H370 | Causes damage to organs |
H371 | May cause damage to organs |
H372 | Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
H373 | May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
Environmental hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life |
H401 | Toxic to aquatic life |
H402 | Harmful to aquatic life |
H410 | Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H413 | May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life |
H420 | Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere |
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