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Chemical Structure| 484-12-8 Chemical Structure| 484-12-8

Structure of Osthole
CAS No.: 484-12-8

Chemical Structure| 484-12-8

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Osthole, an O-methylated coumarin, is a histamine H1 receptor inhibitior. It exhibits immunomodulatory, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.

Synonyms: Osthol; NSC 31868; Ostol

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Product Citations

Product Citations

Krueger, Nadine ; Kronenberger, Thales ; Xie, Hang ; Rocha, Cheila ; Poehlmann, Stefan ; Su, Haixia , et al.

Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has forced the development of direct-acting antiviral drugs due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial enzyme that breaks down polyproteins synthesized from the viral RNA, making it a validated target for the development of SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics. New chem. phenotypes are frequently discovered in natural goods. In the current study, we used a fluorogenic assay to test a variety of natural products for their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Several compounds were discovered to inhibit Mpro at low micromolar concentrations It was possible to crystallize robinetin together with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, and the X-ray structure revealed covalent interaction with the protease's catalytic Cys145 site. Selected potent mols. also exhibited antiviral properties without cytotoxicity. Some of these powerful inhibitors might be utilized as lead compounds for future COVID-19 research.

Keywords: COVID-19 ; antivirals ; coronavirus ; covalent drugs ; dynamic light scattering ; inhibitors ; main protease ; natural products

Alternative Products

Product Details of Osthole

CAS No. :484-12-8
Formula : C15H16O3
M.W : 244.29
SMILES Code : C1=CC(=C(C2=C1C=CC(O2)=O)CC=C(C)C)OC
Synonyms :
Osthol; NSC 31868; Ostol
MDL No. :MFCD00076049
InChI Key :MBRLOUHOWLUMFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :10228

Safety of Osthole

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:P261-P305+P351+P338

Related Pathways of Osthole

RTK
GPCR

Isoform Comparison

Biological Activity

In Vitro:

Cell Line
Concentration Treated Time Description References
ATDC5 cells 0, 10, 50, 100 µM 1 week Osthole promoted chondrogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, up-regulating the expression of chondrocyte-related marker genes (Sox9, Col2a1, and Col10a1) Int J Biol Sci. 2017 Jul 18;13(8):996-1007.
HSC-T6 cells 1, 3, 10 μg/ml 24 hours To evaluate the inhibitory effects of osthole on migration and invasion of HSC-T6 cells, results showed that osthole significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced migration and invasion of HSC-T6 cells J Biomed Sci. 2015 Aug 1;22(1):63.
LX-2 cells 1, 3, 10 μg/ml 24 hours To evaluate the inhibitory effects of osthole on migration and invasion of LX-2 cells, results showed that osthole significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced migration and invasion of LX-2 cells J Biomed Sci. 2015 Aug 1;22(1):63.
Murine primary hepatocytes 40 µM 24 hours Osthole did not alleviate APAP-induced cell death, but it significantly suppressed APAP-caused elevation of inflammatory cytokines Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018 Jan;39(1):74-84.
Raw264.7 cells 40 µM 24 hours Osthole did not alleviate APAP-induced cell death, but it significantly suppressed APAP-caused elevation of inflammatory cytokines Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018 Jan;39(1):74-84.
Human Trabecular Meshwork (HTM) cells 10 µM 24 hours Osthole significantly inhibited TGF-β2-induced expression of fibronectin (FN), collagen type IV (COL-IV), and laminin (LN), reversing the effects of TGF-β2. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020 Aug 3;61(10):38.
MDA-MB-231 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 μg/mL 24 or 48 hours Osthole significantly inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 value of 24.2 μg/mL (48 hours). Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jun;43(6):1544-1555.
MDA-MB-231BO 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 μg/mL 24 or 48 hours Osthole significantly inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231BO cells with an IC50 value of 6.8 μg/mL (48 hours). Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jun;43(6):1544-1555.
MCF-7 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 μg/mL 24 or 48 hours Osthole significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 123.9 μg/mL (48 hours). Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jun;43(6):1544-1555.
MCF-10A 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 μg/mL 24 or 48 hours Osthole showed low cytotoxicity to normal mammary epithelial cells MCF-10A with an IC50 value of 8944.0 μg/mL (48 hours). Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jun;43(6):1544-1555.
MDA-MB-231 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 µM 24, 48, 72 hours Osthole inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC50 value of 129.4 μM at 24 hours. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 22;37(1):322.
BT-549 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 µM 24, 48, 72 hours Osthole inhibited the growth of BT-549 cells with an IC50 value of 106.2 μM at 24 hours. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 22;37(1):322.
MDA-MB-468 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 µM 24, 48, 72 hours Osthole inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-468 cells with an IC50 value of 105.4 μM at 24 hours. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 22;37(1):322.
MCF-7 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 µM 24, 48, 72 hours Osthole inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 168 μM at 24 hours. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 22;37(1):322.
LAD2 cells 72 and 144 µM 30 minutes Osthole significantly reduced Ca2+ mobilization and degranulation in LAD2 cells in response to MRGPRX2 ligands (compound 48/80, substance P, and LL-37). Front Immunol. 2020 Apr 24;11:703.
RBL-2H3 cells 72 µM 30 minutes Osthole significantly reduced Ca2+ mobilization and degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells in response to MRGPRX2 ligands (compound 48/80, substance P, and LL-37). Front Immunol. 2020 Apr 24;11:703.
Human skin mast cells 72 and 144 µM 30 minutes Osthole significantly reduced degranulation in human skin mast cells in response to MRGPRX2 ligands (compound 48/80, substance P, and LL-37). Front Immunol. 2020 Apr 24;11:703.
ATDC5 cells 0, 10, 50, 100 µM one week Osthole promoted chondrogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, significantly up-regulating the expression of chondrocyte-related marker genes (Sox9, Col2a1, and Col10a1). Int J Biol Sci. 2017 Jul 18;13(8):996-1007.

In Vivo:

Species
Animal Model
Administration Dosage Frequency Description References
Sprague-Dawley rats Thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis model Oral gavage 10 mg/kg Twice daily for 4 weeks To evaluate the therapeutic effects of osthole on thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis, results showed that osthole significantly reduced liver injury, improved hepatic fibrosis scores, and inhibited HSC activation J Biomed Sci. 2015 Aug 1;22(1):63.
C57BL/6 mice Paw edema model Intraperitoneal injection 100 mg/kg Once daily for 3 days Osthole significantly reduced compound 48/80-induced paw edema and vascular leakage. Front Immunol. 2020 Apr 24;11:703.
BALB/C mice APAP-induced liver injury model Intraperitoneal injection 100 mg/kg Once daily for 3 days Pretreatment with osthole significantly attenuated APAP-induced hepatocyte necrosis and the increases in ALT and AST activities. Compared with the mice treated with APAP alone, osthole pretreatment significantly reduced serum MDA levels and hepatic H2O2 levels, and improved liver GSH levels and the GSSG-to-GSH ratio. Meanwhile, osthole pretreatment markedly alleviated the APAP-induced up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines in the livers, and inhibited the expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, but it increased the expression of hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and sulfotransferases (SULTs) Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018 Jan;39(1):74-84.
BALB/C mice TMX-induced acute liver injury model Intraperitoneal injection 100 mg/kg Single injection, lasting 24 hours Pretreatment with osthole significantly attenuated TMX-induced liver injury, evidenced by dose-dependent reduction of serum ALT and AST activities. Osthole also blunted TMX-induced oxidative stress, evidenced by significant increase of reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Furthermore, osthole significantly enhanced the expressions of antioxidant genes (GPX1, SOD2, GCL-c, and G6pdh), but suppressed those of pro-oxidant genes (NOX2 and ACOX). Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2019 May;40(5):608-619
BALB/c nu/nu female mice MDA-MB-231 xenograft model Intraperitoneal injection 100 or 200 mg/kg/d Twice daily for 48 days Osthole significantly reduced the volume and weight of MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors and decreased the phosphorylation levels of STAT3. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 22;37(1):322.
BALB/c mice Ovalbumin-induced asthma model Intraperitoneal injection 25 and 50 mg/kg Once daily for 7 days Osthole significantly reduced airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammatory cell infiltration in asthmatic mice, inhibited the release of Th2-type cytokines, and upregulated the IFN-γ level. Additionally, osthole significantly attenuated the expression of IL-33 and ST2 in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Int J Mol Med. 2020 Oct;46(4):1389-1398
Zebrafish Zebrafish breast cancer xenograft model Embryo medium 3, 10, 20 μmol/L 48 hours Osthole significantly reduced the dissemination of MDA-MB-231BO cells in zebrafish in a dose-dependent manner, decreasing the mean fluorescence intensity of tumor cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jun;43(6):1544-1555.
C57BL/6 mice Tibial fracture model Local subcutaneous injection 30 mg/kg Once daily for 28 days Osthole promotes bone fracture healing by activating BMP2 signaling, increasing cartilage and bone volume, and enhancing mechanical strength Int J Biol Sci. 2017 Jul 18;13(8):996-1007.
C57BL/6 mice Tibial fracture model Local subcutaneous injection 30 mg/kg Once daily for 28 days Osthole promotes bone fracture healing by activating BMP2 signaling, significantly increasing bone volume and mechanical strength at the fracture site. Int J Biol Sci. 2017 Jul 18;13(8):996-1007.
BALB/cJ mice TGF-β2-induced ocular hypertension model Intraperitoneal injection 30 mg/kg Daily for 60 days Osthole significantly reduced TGF-β2-induced ocular hypertension in mice and decreased the expression of FN, COL-IV, and LN in the trabecular meshwork tissue. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020 Aug 3;61(10):38.
Wistar rats Diet-induced metabolic syndrome model Oral 40 mg/kg/d Once daily for 30 days To evaluate the preventive effect of Osthole on heart damage induced by metabolic syndrome. Results showed that Osthole reversed cardiac hypertrophy, local hypoxia, oxidative stress, and increased KHK activity and expression. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Apr 28;12(5):1023

Protocol

Bio Calculators
Preparing Stock Solutions 1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

4.09mL

0.82mL

0.41mL

20.47mL

4.09mL

2.05mL

40.93mL

8.19mL

4.09mL

Dissolving Methods
Please choose the appropriate dissolution scheme according to your animal administration guide.For the following dissolution schemes, clear stock solution should be prepared according to in vitro experiments, and then cosolvent should be added in turn:

in order to ensure the reliability of the experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be properly preserved according to the storage conditions; The working fluid for in vivo experiment is recommended to be prepared now and used on the same day;

The percentage shown in front of the following solvent refers to the volume ratio of the solvent in the final solution; If precipitation or precipitation occurs in the preparation process, it can be assisted by heating and/or ultrasound.
Protocol 1
Protocol 2

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