Structure of 41963-20-6
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CAS No. : | 41963-20-6 |
Formula : | C8H6BrN |
M.W : | 196.04 |
SMILES Code : | C1=C(C=CC(=C1C)Br)C#N |
MDL No. : | MFCD00031538 |
InChI Key : | SKXUZFJOLNNWIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 2737494 |
GHS Pictogram: |
![]() |
Signal Word: | Warning |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H335 |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 |
Num. heavy atoms | 10 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms | 6 |
Fraction Csp3 | 0.12 |
Num. rotatable bonds | 0 |
Num. H-bond acceptors | 1.0 |
Num. H-bond donors | 0.0 |
Molar Refractivity | 43.82 |
TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from |
23.79 Ų |
Log Po/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from |
2.12 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by |
2.93 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from |
2.63 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from |
2.52 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by |
2.94 |
Consensus Log Po/w? Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions |
2.63 |
Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from |
-3.35 |
Solubility | 0.0885 mg/ml ; 0.000451 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from |
-3.09 |
Solubility | 0.159 mg/ml ; 0.00081 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by |
-3.73 |
Solubility | 0.0368 mg/ml ; 0.000188 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg |
High |
BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg |
Yes |
P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) |
Yes |
CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) |
No |
Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from |
-5.42 cm/s |
Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from |
None |
Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from |
2.0 |
Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat |
0.55 |
PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from |
0.0 alert |
Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from |
0.0 alert: heavy_metal |
Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from |
No; 1 violation:MW<1.0 |
Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) |
1.53 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Preparation of Intermediate 4-Bromo-3-methyl-benzaldehvde (l-2a):The starting material (4-bromo-3-methyl-benzonitrile, 12.8g, 65.3 mmol) was dissolved in toluene (120 ml_) and dichloromethane (20 mL) and cooled to -600C as a 1.5M diisobutylaluminum hydride in toluene (67 mL, 100 mmol) was added dropwise over 30 minutes keeping the temperature between -60 and -500C. The reaction was allowed to warm slowly to room temperature and stirred for an additional 3 hours. The reaction was quenched by adding ethyl acetate and stirring for 20 minutes before the addition of 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid at 0°C. The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm slowly to room temperature before extractive workup in the usual manner using ethyl acetate (2 times). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica eluting with 5percent ethyl acetate in heptane to yield 5.6 g of the title compound (l-2a).1H NMR (CDCI3): delta 2.47 (s, 3H), 7.54 (dd, 1 H), 7.69-7.72 (m, 2H), 9.94 (s, 1H) | ||
Example II: Preparation of 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzaldehvde; A solution of 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzonitrile (500 mg) in dichloromethane was added at 0°C to a solution of diisobutylaluminium hydride ("DIBAL-H") in hexanes (IM) (2.6 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured on a mixture of ice (10 g) and aqueous hydrobromic acid (6M) (10 ml). The mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and then extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzaldehyde (0.419 g) as a colorless oil. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): 9.95 (s, IH), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.55 (d, IH), 2.50 (s, 3H) ppm. | ||
Example Il : Preparation of 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzaldehyde; A solution of 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzonitrile (commercially available) (500 mg) in dichloromethane was added at 0°C to a solution of diisobutylaluminium hydride ("DIBAL- H") (2.6.ml) in hexanes (IM). The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured on a mixture of ice (10 g) and aqueous hydrobromic acid (6M) (10 ml). The mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and then extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzaldehyde (0.419 g) as a colorless oil. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): 9.95 (s, IH), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.55 (d, IH), 2.50 (s, 3H) ppm. |
A solution of 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzonitrile (commercially available) (500 mg) in dichloromethane (7.5 ml) was added at 00C to a solution of diisobutylaluminium hydride ("DIBAL-H") (2.6. ml) in hexanes (IM). The reaction mixture was stirred at 00C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured on a mixture of ice (10 g) and aqueous hydrobromic acid (6M) (10 ml). The mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and then extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined organic phases were washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give 4-bromo-3-methyl-benzaldehyde (0.419 g) as a colorless oil. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): 9.95 (s, IH), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.55 (d, IH), 2.50 (s, 3H) ppm. | ||
With diisobutylaluminium hydride; In hexane; at -40 - 20℃; for 1.5h; | To a solution of 4-bromo-3-methylbenzonitrile (0.975 g; 5.00 mmol) in anhyd CH2Cl2(7.5 mL) at ?40° C. was added DIBAL-H (7.5 mL of a 1M solution in hexanes; 7.5 mmol), dropwise over 5 min. The mixture was stirred 30 min at ?40° C., removed from the cooling bath and stirred 1 h at rt. The mixture was cooled in an ice bath, and excess hydride was quenched by dropwise addition of MeOH. After stirring 20 min, Rochelle's salt (satd aq. solution) was added, the mixture was stirred at rt overnight, and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with CH2Cl2(×2), combined organics were washed (H2O, brine), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (EtOAc/hexanes), affording the title compound as a colorless solid (Note 1). Note 1 The title compound was oxidized rapidly on standing in air to a mixture of benzaldehyde and benzoic acid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
6.8 g (100%) | With ammonium chloride; In methanol; dichloromethane; toluene; | A. 4-Bromo-3-methylbenzenecarboxamidamide To a suspension of 2.73 g (51.0 mmol) of ammonium chloride in 40 mL of toluene at 0 C., a 2.0M solution of trimethyl aluminum (25.5 mL) was added over 5 minutes. The mixture was then slowly warmed to room temperature and stirred for an additional 2 hrs. This mixture was then added to a solution of 5.0 g (25.5 mmol) of 4-bromo-3-methyl benzonitrile in 15 mL of toluene under argon, and the mixture was heated at 80 C. for 6 days. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature and added to a slurry of silica gel (100 g) in 200 mL of CH2 Cl2 and filtered. The silica was washed with 400 mL of methanol and the combined filtrate was evaporated to provide 6.8 g (100%) of the title compound of this step as a white solid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
74% | With silver fluoride;bis(trimethylsilylmethyl)(cycloocta-1,5-diene)palladium(II); dicyclohexyl-(2?,4?,6?-triisopropyl-3,6-dimethoxy-[1,1?-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine; In toluene; at 130℃; for 18.0h;Sealed tube; | 4-Fluoro-3-methylbenzonitrile (7). To an oven-dried resealable tube equipped with a stir bar was added 4-bromo-3-methylbenzonitrile 8 (23.3 mg, 0.12 mmol), BrettPhos (6.4 mg, 0.012 mmol, 10 mol %), (COD)Pd(CH2TMS)2 (2.3 mg, 0.006 mmol, 5 mol %), AgF (22.8 mg, 0.18 mmol) and toluene (2 mL). The tube was then sealed with a screw-cap and taken out of the glove box, wrapped in aluminum foil and placed into a preheated 130 C. oil bath with adequate stirring. After 18 h the tube was removed from the oil bath and allowed to cool to room temperature. 4-Fluorotoluene (6.5 muL, 0.06 mmol, 0.5 equivalent) and dodecane (27.3 muL, 0.12 mmol, 1 equivalent) were added as standards. The reaction mixture was filtered through a glass filter and a plug of Celite to remove all solids. The clear pale yellow solution was then analyzed by 19F NMR (282 MHz) for yield and GC for conversion as well as reduction product. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In toluene; at 100℃;Sealed tube; | Example 4Reductive Elimination from Pd-F ComplexesGeneral Procedure. In a nitrogen-filled glovebox, a screw-cap NMR tube was charged with (BrettPhos)Pd(Ar)(F) complex, aryl bromide (where applicable) and toluene. The tube was capped and taken out of the box and standard (p-fluorotoluene) was added via syringe. In a Varian 500 spectrometer, a broadband gXH probe was tuned to 19F and heated to 100° C. Over the course of 2-3 h, a 19F-NMR spectrum was obtained every 5 minutes with 5 minutes acquisition time per spectrum. Every spectrum was normalized to the standard to account for differences in the tuning of the NMR probe. Reductive Elimination of 5. See FIG. 14. a) 10 mg (BrettPhos)Pd(2-Me,4-CNC6H3)(F) (13 mummol), 1 mL toluene. The fitted curve shows t1/2=14 min. b) 10 mg (BrettPhos)Pd(2-Me,4-CNC6H3)(F) (13 mummol), 12.5 mg ArBr (64 mummol, 5 eq), 0.6 mL toluene. c) The fitted curve shows t1/2=18 min. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-triazine; at 0 - 20℃; | General procedure: To 2-bromo-3-methylbenzoic acid (21, 159 g, 739 mmol) in dichloromethane (1000 mL) was added triethylamine (TEA, 119.7 mL, 813 mmol, 1.1 equiv) followed by iso-butyl chloroformate (101.5 mL, 813 mmol, 1.1 equiv) in dichloromethane (DCM, 200 mL) at 0 C over 10 min. Concentrated ammonia water (323 mL) was then added at 0 C over 2 min. The reaction mixture was poured into water (200 mL), cooled to rt and filtered. The solid was washed with water (2 × 300 mL), 0.5 N HCl (2 × 150 mL) and dried to give the amide as a solid (120 g, yield 76%). To the solution of the amide obtained (50 g, 233.6 mmol) in DMF (300 mL) was added 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (64.6 g, 350.4 mmol, 1.5 equiv) dropwise at 0 C and the reaction was stirred at rt overnight. To the reaction was added 600 mL of water and the reaction was stirred for 30 min. All insoluble was removed by filtration and the solid was triturated with ethyl acetate (EA, 3 × 100 mL) for 40 min and filtered. The filtrate was washed with saturated sodium carbonate (3 × 200 mL), saturated sodium chloride (200 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 22 as a solid (42 g, yield 87.3%). To a solution of 22 (20 g, 102.2 mmol, 1 equiv) in CCl4 (200 mL) was added NBS (18.2 g, 102.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv), Bz2O2 (0.15 g, 0.6 mmol, 0.006 equiv). The reaction was refluxed overnight under N2, cooled and filtered. The filtrate was crystallized at 0 C to provide the brominated intermediate (15 g, yield 53.6%). To a solution of the brominated intermediate (90 g, 327.3 mmol) in DMF (760 ml) was added KOAc (38.6 g, 393.1 mmol, 1.2 equiv). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 C for 1 h, cooled and water (1 L) was added. The mixture was extracted with EA (1 L). The organic layer was washed with 0.5 N HCl (3 ×200 mL), 2% NaHCO3 (200 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed to give 23 as a yellow solid (77.3 g, yield 92.9%). 1H NMR of 23 (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ 2.16 (s, 3H), 5.21 (s, 2H), 7.43-7.46 (t, 1H,), 7.63 (m, 2H) ppm. To a solution of 23 (20 g, 78.8 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (400 mL) was added bis(pinacolato)diboron (30 g, 118.1 mmol, 1.5 equiv) and KOAc (33.2 g, 338.1 mmol, 4.3 equiv). After being de-gassed and backfilled with nitrogen, Pd(dppf)Cl2 (3.2 g, 3.935 mmol, 0.05 equiv) was added. The reaction was refluxed overnight under nitrogen, cooled and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluted with petroleum ether (PE)/EA = 5:1 to give 24 as red oil (29 g, crude yield 100% with 80% purity). 1H NMR of 24 (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 1.42 (s, 12H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 5.25 (s, 2H), 7.44-7.49 (t, 1H), 7.57-7.64 (m, 2H) ppm. To a solution of 24 (29 g) in MeOH (100 mL) was added a solution of NaOH in MeOH (7.0 g/130 mL, 175.8 mmol, 2.3 equiv) and the reaction was stirred for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum and the residue was dissolved in THF (150 mL) and 2 N HCl (138 mL, 69 mmol, 0.9 equiv). The reaction was stirred at rt for 50 min, concentrated and filtered. The solid was washed with water (3 × 20 mL) and petroleum ether (3 × 20 mL) to provide 25 (7.6 g, yield 62%). 1H NMR of 25 (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 5.05 (s, 2H), 7.63-7.68 (t, 1H), 7.73-7.81 (m, 2H) ppm. To Raney Ni (0.849 g, 14.5 mmol, 2.3 equiv) in formic acid (10 mL) and water (2 mL) was added 25 (1 g, 6.29 mmol) at rt. The reaction was stirred at 100 C for 1 h, cooled and then filtered. The solvent was removed to give a solid that was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluted with CH2Cl2 to give 26 as a solid (0.714 g, yield 70%). 1H NMR of 26 (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ 10.03 (s, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.86 (t, 1H), 7.63-7.71 (m, 2H), 5.20 (s, 2H) ppm. To a mixture of HCOOH (116.2 g, 10.0 equiv) and TEA (102.2 g, 4.0 equiv) were added 26 (40.9 g, 252.5 mmol) and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (43.7 g, 1.2 equiv). The resulting mixture was refluxed for 15 h and cooled to rt. Hydrochloric acid (2 N, 320 mL) was added into the mixture that was then extracted with ethyl acetate twice (2 × 250 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with 2 N HCl (160 mL) and rotary evaporated to give the crude product that was recrystallized from DMF and 2 N HCl (34:204 mL) providing compound 1 as a white solid (15.6 g, yield 30%). An additional recrystallization from DMF and 2 N HCl (16:96 mL) was performed to give high purity product (12.9 g). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
General procedure: A reaction mixture of 2a-e (5.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), differentsubstituted 4-bromobenzonitrile (6.0 mmol, 1.2 equiv.) and potassiumcarbonate (12.5 mmol, 2.5 equiv.) in PEG400/H20 (10 mL/10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 15 min, and PdCl2(0.05 mmol, 0.01 equiv.) was subsequently added. Stirring wascontinued for an additional 15 h until complete consumption ofstarting material as judged by TLC. Then the reaction mixture waspoured into water (80 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate(30 mL*3). The organic layers were washed with brine, dried overanhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and condensed under reduced pressure.The residuewas then purified via column chromatography on silicagel, eluting with EtOAc/petroleum ether to 3a-r as white solid. |