Structure of 34374-88-4
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The BI-3802 was designed by Boehringer Ingelheim and could be obtained free of charge through the Boehringer Ingelheim open innovation portal opnMe.com, associated with its negative control.
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Selective Adsorption of Magnesium Using Lithium Carboxylate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks
Altaf, Ataf Ali ; Khosropour, Ahmadreza ; Zadehnazari, Amin ; Kausar, Samia ; Zarei, Amin ; Mosleh, Imann , et al.
Abstract: Magnesium and lithium exhibit similar behaviors in aqueous solutions, making their separation from each other in saltlake brine challenging. Here, we report the design and synthesis of four lithium carboxylate-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs), ATSA-1 through ATSA-4, that selectively adsorb Mg2+ ions over Li+ . Adsorption performance was investigated under varying initial Mg2+ concentrations, adsorbent dosages, and contact times. Among the COFs, ATSA-4 demonstrated the highest Mg2+ adsorption capacity, reaching 19 mg g−1. Adsorption data aligned with the Langmuir isotherm model, while kinetic analysis indicated a pseudo-second-order model best described Mg2+ uptake. Regeneration tests revealed that hydrochloric acid at pH 3 efficiently desorbed Mg2+, enabling the COF reusability. Additionally, a COF-supported ultrafiltration bed yielded a Mg2+ separation flux of 19 g h−1 m−2 . The ATSA-COF series further displayed a high selectivity for Mg2+ in mixed Mg2+/Li+ solutions.
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Keywords: COFs ; kinetics ; selective separation ; lithium ion ; magnesium ion
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Park, Jung Hyun ; Lee, Chi Ho ; Yu, Siying ; Kharel, Priti ; Choi, Roady ; Zhang, Cheng , et al.
Abstract: Performance of electrocatalyst in an aqueous electrolyte is greatly influenced by the structure of electrolyte_x005f_x0002_electrocatalyst interface. Regulating mass transfer is important in controlling surface reactions to alter the overall reaction kinetics. Thus, modification of interfacial structures is an effective approach to improving the electrocatalytic performance. In this paper, we report the use of functionalized amine-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as the modifier of electrocatalytic properties by facilitating the proton transfer of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in an acidic medium. Results from the electrochemical solid-liquid interface (ESLI)-based density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that functionalized COFs increase the local hydrogen concentration at the COF-electrocatalyst interface. Our simulation data indicates the enhancement in HER ac_x005f_x0002_tivity is achieved partially through the protonation site of the secondary amine of the COF on electrode surface, suggesting a new mode of controlling interfacial proton transfer for improving the HER kinetics.
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Keywords: Covalent organic framework ; Hydrogen evolution reaction ; Electrocatalysis ; HER ; Solid-liquid interface model
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Fang, Qiyi ; Yi, Kongyang ; Zhai, Tianshu ; Luo, Shisong ; Lin, Chen-yang ; Ai, Qing , et al.
Abstract: As the feature size of microelectronic circuits is scaling down to nanometer order, the increasing interconnect crosstalk, resistance-capacitance (RC) delay and power consumption can limit the chip performance and reliability. To address these challenges, new low-k dielectric (k < 2) materials need to be developed to replace current silicon dioxide (k = 3.9) or SiCOH, etc. However, existing low-k dielectric materials, such as organosilicate glass or polymeric dielectrics, suffer from poor thermal and mechanical properties. Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) are considered promising low-k dielectric materials because of their good thermal and mechanical properties, high porosity and designability. Here, we report a chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) method for growing fluoride rich 2DP-F films on arbitrary substrates. We show that the grown 2DP-F thin films exhibit ultra-low dielectric constant (in plane k = 1.85 and out-of-plane k = 1.82) and remarkable mechanical properties (Young’s modulus > 15 GPa). We also demonstrated the improved performance of monolayer MoS2 field-effect-transistors when utilizing 2DP-F thin films as dielectric substrates.
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Thanh-Tin Nguyen ; Xiaopeng Min ; Weiling Xia ; Zhiqin Qiang ; Rahul Sampat Khandge ; Ho-Kuan Yu , et al.
Abstract: Nanofiltration (NF) is an effective technology for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a group of emerging pollutants. However, conventional NF membranes often reject high levels of minerals, leading to low salt/PFAS selectivity. Herein, we introduce the use of continuous ionic covalent organic framework (COF) membranes as a novel approach to achieve effective PFAS removal with high selectivity. Thin TpPa-SO3H COF selective membrane layers were fabricated on polymer supports using a scalable counter-diffusion interfacial polymerization (IP) method to form thin film composite (TFC) membranes. These membranes feature a highly negative surface charge and ordered pore channels with suitable pore sizes, leading to impressive PFAS rejection rates, with over 99% rejection for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and 90-95% rejection for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and two short-chain PFAS. Moreover, the TpPa-SO3H membranes allowed the passage of scale-forming salts, enabling selective PFAS removal with a high salt/PFAS selectivity. Furthermore, these continuous ionic COF membranes exhibited a high water permeance of 19.9-37.5 LMH/bar, outperforming commercial membranes like NF270 and other lab-made membranes.
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Khandge, Rahul Sampat ; Nguyen, Thanh-Tin ; Qiang, Zhiqin ; Yu, Ho-Kuan ; Ma, Xiaoli ;
Abstract: There is growing interest in designing nanofiltration (NF)membranes for selective separations. However, controlling the formationprocess of polyamide (PA) membranes to achieve simultaneous improve-ments in permeance and selectivity remains challenging. The use of aninterlayer has recently emerged as a promising strategy to tackle this trade-off. Herein, nanoporous covalent organic framework (COF) interlayers wereemployed to facilitate the formation of a thin PA selective membrane layer.The COF interlayers were synthesized through a counter-diffusion IPmethod, during which the solvent and catalyst were tailored to achievedifferent extents of COF crystallinity. PA membranes made by conventionalIP on these COF interlayers were found to show better performance thanthat made on a pristine polymer support. In addition, crystalline COFsresulted in a PA layer featuring a narrow pore size distribution and a highnegative surface charge. The resulting dual-layer membrane exhibited enhanced NF performance, with superior rejection for divalentsalts (Na2SO4, 99.6%; MgSO4, 97.4%), enhanced selectivity for mono/divalent salts (NaCl/Na2SO4, 137), and high waterpermeance. The combined permeance and selectivity exceed those of most reported NF membranes, making the PA/crystallineCOF dual-layer membrane promising for NF-based selective separation.
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Keywords: polyamide ; covalent organic framework ; interlayer ; nanofiltration ; selectivity
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Pinpointing the Onset of Water Harvesting in Reticular Frameworks from Structure
Ha L. Nguyen ; Andrea Darù ; Saumil Chheda ; Ali H. Alawadhi ; S.Ephraim Neumann ; Lifen Wang , et al.
Abstract: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as promising atmospheric water harvesters, offering a potential solution to the pressing global issue of water scarcity, which threatens millions of lives worldwide. This study presents a series of 2D COFs, including HCOF-3, HCOF-2, and a newly developed structure named COF-309, designed for optimized water harvesting performance with high working capacity at low relative humidity. To elucidate their water sorption behavior, we introduce a hydrophilicity index directly linked to intrinsic properties such as the strength and spatial density of adsorptive sites. This index is mathematically correlated with the step of water adsorption isotherms. Our correlation provides a predictive tool that extends to other microporous COFs and metal–organic frameworks, significantly enhancing the ability to predict their onset positions of water adsorption isotherms based on structural characteristics. This advancement holds the potential to guide the development of more efficient materials for atmospheric water harvesting.
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CAS No. : | 34374-88-4 |
Formula : | C9H6O6 |
M.W : | 210.14 |
SMILES Code : | O=CC1=C(O)C(C=O)=C(O)C(C=O)=C1O |
MDL No. : | MFCD24713435 |
InChI Key : | KAPNIDMXEKQLMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 11390177 |
GHS Pictogram: |
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Signal Word: | Warning |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 |
Num. heavy atoms | 15 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms | 6 |
Fraction Csp3 | 0.0 |
Num. rotatable bonds | 3 |
Num. H-bond acceptors | 6.0 |
Num. H-bond donors | 3.0 |
Molar Refractivity | 48.67 |
TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from |
111.9 Ų |
Log Po/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from |
0.14 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by |
0.9 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from |
0.24 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from |
-1.57 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by |
0.93 |
Consensus Log Po/w? Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions |
0.13 |
Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from |
-1.81 |
Solubility | 3.27 mg/ml ; 0.0156 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Very soluble |
Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from |
-2.84 |
Solubility | 0.307 mg/ml ; 0.00146 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by |
-0.53 |
Solubility | 62.6 mg/ml ; 0.298 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg |
High |
BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg |
No |
P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) |
No |
Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from |
-6.94 cm/s |
Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from |
None |
Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat |
0.55 |
PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from |
0.0 alert |
Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from |
1.0 alert: heavy_metal |
Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from |
No; 1 violation:MW<1.0 |
Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) |
1.25 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
18% | Its synthetic form is: In a N 2 atmosphere, hexamethylenetetramine (7.42 g, 52.9 mmol),Dry phloroglucin (3.0 g, 23.8 mmol)The mixture in 45 mL of trifluoroacetic acid was heated at 100 C for 2.5 h.After adding 75 mL of 3 M HCl, the mixture was heated at 100 C for an additional hour.After cooling to room temperature, the solution was filtered through celite and extracted with dichloromethane.It was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate.Rotating the solution to obtain 2,4,6-trihydroxy-1,3,5-benzenetrialdehyde,It was an off-white powder (0.54 g, yield 18%), and the 1H-NMR spectrum is shown in Fig. 5. | |
11% | Hexamethylenetetraamine (15.098 g, 108 mmol) and phloroglucinol (6.014 g, 49 mmol) was added into 90 mL trifluoroacetic acid under N2. The solution was heated at 100 C for 2.5 h. Then 150 mL of 3 M HCl was added and the solution was heated at 100 C for 1 h. After cooling to room temperature, the solution was filtered through Celite, extracted with 350 mL dichloromethane, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered. Rotary evaporation of the solution afforded 1.23 g (5.87 mmol,11%) of an off-white powder. The pure sample was obtained by sublimation. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) data indicated near 99% purity, giving 14.12 (s, 3H, OH), 10.15 (s, 3H, CHO) ppm. | |
11% | Hexamethylenetetraamine (15.098 g, 108 mmol) and phloroglucinol(6.014 g, 49 mmol) was added into 90 mL trifluoroacetic acid under N2.The solution was heated at 100 deg.C for 2.5 h. Then 150 mL of 3M HCl wasadded and the solution was heated at 100deg. C for 1 h. After cooling toroom temperature, the solution was filtered through Celite, extractedwith 350 mL dichloromethane, dried over magnesium sulfate, andfiltered. Rotary evaporation of the solution afforded 1.23 g (5.87 mmol,11%) of an off-white powder. The pure sample was obtained by sublimation.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) data indicated near 99% purity,giving 14.12 (s, 3H, OH), 10.15 (s, 3H, CHO) ppm. Element analysis: calculated value C, 51.44; H, 2.88; N, 0.00; Found: C 51.38; H 2.80; N,0.00. |
0.085 g | With trifluoroacetic acid; In glycerol; at 120℃; for 1.5h;Cooling with ice; Inert atmosphere; Microwave irradiation; | in 50ml Erjia bottle, weighed 2g hexamethylenetetramine, slowly add 10ml of fresh trifluoroacetic acid, the reaction exotherm, easy to cause loss of trifluoroacetic acid evaporation, so the bottle placed in the ice In the water bath, 0.67 g of pyrogallol was added under nitrogen protection, protected by 50 ml glycerol, reacted under microwave irradiation at a reaction temperature of 120 C and a reaction time of 1.5 h. Thereafter, the material was cooled to room temperature and 30 ml of dichloromethane , Extraction of the trifluoroacetic acid in the mixture, the supernatant extract was subjected to simple secondary distillation (distilled at atmospheric pressure at 40 C and then the distillate temperature was raised to 72 C). The trifluoroacetic acid 72 C) 7ml, after gas chromatography detection, recovery of trifluoroacetic acid concentration of 98.6%, calculated recovery rate of 70%. The solution was filtered and the filtrate was extracted with chloroform, and the mixture was extracted with sulfuric acid, and the filtrate was extracted with sulfuric acid, and the filtrate was extracted with sulfuric acid. The filtrate was dried in vacuo to obtain a pale pink solid which was confirmed by H-NMR (Fig. 1) as the target product 1,3,5-triacetal pyromellophenol, product quality was 0.085 g |
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