Structure of 22300-52-3
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CAS No. : | 22300-52-3 |
Formula : | C2HBr2N3 |
M.W : | 226.86 |
SMILES Code : | BrC1=NNN=C1Br |
MDL No. : | MFCD19440717 |
InChI Key : | GUQUYKTWVBJKFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 312397 |
GHS Pictogram: |
![]() |
Signal Word: | Warning |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H332-H335 |
Precautionary Statements: | P280-P305+P351+P338-P310 |
Num. heavy atoms | 7 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms | 5 |
Fraction Csp3 | 0.0 |
Num. rotatable bonds | 0 |
Num. H-bond acceptors | 2.0 |
Num. H-bond donors | 1.0 |
Molar Refractivity | 31.78 |
TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from |
41.57 Ų |
Log Po/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from |
0.83 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by |
1.65 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from |
1.33 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from |
0.81 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by |
2.65 |
Consensus Log Po/w? Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions |
1.46 |
Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from |
-2.81 |
Solubility | 0.348 mg/ml ; 0.00153 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from |
-2.14 |
Solubility | 1.66 mg/ml ; 0.00731 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by |
-2.58 |
Solubility | 0.604 mg/ml ; 0.00266 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg |
High |
BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg |
Yes |
P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) |
No |
Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from |
-6.51 cm/s |
Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from |
None |
Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from |
1.0 |
Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat |
0.55 |
PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from |
0.0 alert |
Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from |
0.0 alert: heavy_metal |
Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from |
No; 1 violation:MW<1.0 |
Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) |
1.98 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
57% | With potassium carbonate; In tetrahydrofuran; at -10 - 40℃; | The 10.0g (44.1mmol) 4,5- dibromo -2H-1,2,3- triazole (commercially available) was dissolved in 90ml of tetrahydrofuran was added 6.1g (44.2mmol) of potassium carbonate, cooled to -10 , was added 7.5g (53mmol) of methyl iodide.In the 35 ~ 40 to react until the reaction is complete.50ml of water was added, the tetrahydrofuran was distilled off, 90ml and extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure, the residual solid was added methyl tert-butyl ether, 10ml, 70ml of n-hexane was added slowly, solid precipitation, the addition was completed, stirring at room temperature for 1 to 2 hours.Filtered to give pure 4,5-dibromo-1-methyl -1H-1,2,3- triazole 5.8g, 57percent yield. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | With bromine; In water; at 50℃; | Into a 3000-mL 3-necked round-bottom flask, was placed 2H-1,2,3-triazole (100 g, 1.45 mol, 1.00 equiv), water (1000 mL), Br2 (522 g, 3.27 mol, 2.25 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 50 C. in an oil bath. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 1000 mL of Na2SO3 (aq). The solid was collected by filtration and dried in an oven under reduced pressure. This resulted in 313 g (95%) of 4,5-dibromo-2H-1,2,3-triazole as a white solid. |
60.8% | With bromine; In water; at 0 - 20℃; | 4,5-dibromo-2H-l,2,3-triazole. Bromine (15 mL) was added dropwise to a stirred solution of 2H-l,2,3-triazole (15.0 g, 217 mmol) in water (200 mL) at 0C. Once addition was completed, the mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature. The resultant mixture was filtered off and washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and recrystallized from methanol to afford 4,5-dibromo-2H-l,2,3-triazole as a dark brown solid (29.8 g, 60.8%). |
49% | With bromine; In water; at 0 - 20℃; | [0260] Bromine (11.59 g, 73.35 mmol) was added dropwise to a 0 C solution of 2H-l,2,3-triazole (5.00 g, 72.46 mmol) in water (50 mL), and the resulting solution was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir overnight. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried to afford 4,5- dibromo-2H-l ,2,3-triazole (8.00 g, 49%) as a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z 228, 226, 230 [M+H]+. |
With bromine; In water; at 0℃; for 7h; | To a stirred solution of EE-1 (10 g, 144.79 mmol) in water (100 mL) is added EE-2 (13.73 g, 173.75 mmol) dropwise at 0 C and the reaction mixture is stirred at 0 C for 7 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered and extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organics are concentrated in vacuo to yield EE-3. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
36.9% | With potassium carbonate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at -10 - 20℃; | 4,5-dibromo-2-methyl-2H-l,2,3-triazole. Iodomethane (19.0 g, 133.8 mmol) was added to a solution of 4,5-dibromo-2H-l,2,3-triazole (15.0 g, 66.7 mmol) and potassium carbonate (18.1 g, 131.2 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (100 mL) at -10°C. The mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated to give a residue. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (200 mL), washed by brine (50 mL x 3), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chramtography (silica gel, dichloromethane/methanol = 15 : 1) to afford 4,5-dibromo-2-methyl-2H-l,2,3-triazole as a white solid (5.9, 36.9 percent). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
70.8 g | With N-Bromosuccinimide; potassium carbonate; In Isopropyl acetate; at 20℃; for 5h; | Example 2 Preparation of 4,5-dibromo-2H-1,2,3-triazole NBS (123 g, 690 mmol), K2CO3 (0.8 g, 5.8 mmol) and IPAc (300 mL) are added into a round bottom flask with the internal temperature of the flask keep at 20 C. Then, 1H-1,2,3-triazole (19 mL, 330 mmol) is slowly added in the flask by keeping internal temperature of the reaction mixture below 40 C. The reaction mixture is stirred at 20 C. for 5 h, and then filtered. The filter cake is washed with IPAc (30 mL), and then the filter cake is discarded. The filtrate is washed with 2% NaS2O3 (100 mL). The solvent of the resulting organic layer is distilled under vacuum and the internal temperature of the solvent is kept below 45 C. After the distillation, the obtained product is recrystallized by hexanes (600 mL). The resulting solid is filtered, and the filter cake is washed with hexanes (60 mL). The resulting solid is dried under vacuum at a temperature of no more than 35 C. to afford 70.8 grams of the product. Other R1 heterocycles as contemplated in the present invention can be brominated via similar preparation procedures as outlined above. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
33%; 20% | Step 2. tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-2H-l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)piperidine-l-carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-lH-l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)piperidine-l-carboxylate [0261] A mixture of 4,5-dibromo-2H-l,2,3-triazole (2.27 g, 10.08 mmol), tert-butyl 4- (methylsulfonyloxy)piperidine-l -carboxylate (2.79 g, 10.00 mmol), and cesium carbonate (9.75 g, 29.91 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) stirred overnight at 100 °C. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to afford a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-2H- 1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)piperidine- 1 -carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo- 1 H- 1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)piperidine- 1-carboxylate (4.00 g, 97percent) as a yellow oil. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z 411 , 409, 413 [M+H]+. Step 3. tert-butyl 4-(4-bromo-2H-l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (Intermediate 19) and tert-butyl 4-(4-bromo-lH-l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (Intermediate 20) [0262] n-Butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 2.92 mL, 7.30 mmol) was added dropwise to a -78 °C solution containing a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-2H- 1,2, 3-triazol-2-yl)piperi dine- 1- carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-lH-l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)piperidine-l -carboxylate (3.00 g, 7.35 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL). The resulting solution stirred for 1 hour at -78 °C, and then the reaction mixture was poured into saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (20 mL). The aqueous phase was separated and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL), and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified via column chromatography on silica gel (eluting with 2: 1, ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford tert-butyl 4-(4-bromo-2H-l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)piperidine-l- carboxylate (0. 800 g, 33percent) as a colorless oil. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z 331, 333[M+H]+. [0263] tert-Butyl 4-(4-bromo-lH-l ,2,3-triazol-l-yl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (0.500g, 20percent) was also obtained as a colorless oil. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z 331, 333 [M+H]+. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With caesium carbonate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 100℃; | Step 2. tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-2H-l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)piperidine-l-carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-lH-l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)piperidine-l-carboxylate [0261] A mixture of 4,5-dibromo-2H-l,2,3-triazole (2.27 g, 10.08 mmol), tert-butyl 4- (methylsulfonyloxy)piperidine-l -carboxylate (2.79 g, 10.00 mmol), and cesium carbonate (9.75 g, 29.91 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (50 mL) stirred overnight at 100 °C. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to afford a mixture of tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo-2H- 1 ,2,3- triazol-2-yl)piperidine- 1 -carboxylate and tert-butyl 4-(4,5-dibromo- 1 H- 1 ,2,3-triazol- 1 -yl)piperidine- 1-carboxylate (4.00 g, 97percent) as a yellow oil. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z 411 , 409, 413 [M+H]+. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
92% | With potassium carbonate; In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; at 0 - 20℃; | Into a 5000-mL 3-necked round-bottom flask, was placed <strong>[22300-52-3]4,5-dibromo-2H-1,2,3-triazole</strong> (301 g, 1.33 mol, 1.00 equiv), potassium carbonate (92.5 g, 669.27 mmol, 0.50 equiv) and NMP (3000 mL). This was followed by the addition of 1-chloropropan-2-one (148 g, 1.60 mol, 1.21 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 9000 mL of water. The solid was collected by filtration and dried in an oven. This resulted in 346 g (92percent) of 1-(dibromo-2H-1,2,3-triazol-2-yl)propan-2-one as a white solid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
3.6 g | With copper(l) iodide; potassium carbonate; cis-N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 120℃; for 0.666667h;Microwave irradiation; | Step 1 : A mixture of A-24.1 (2.00 g, 1 1 .0 mmol), A-24.2 (3.80 g, 17.0 mmol), Cul (0.13 g, 0.68 mmol), A-24.3 (0.14 mL, 1 .00 mmol) and K2C03 (2.30 g, 17.0 mmol) in dry DMF (10 mL) is heated to 120°C by microwave irradiation and stirred for 40 min. The mixture is poured into water and extracted with Et20. The aq. phase is acidified with HCI (4N aq. solution) and extracted with EA. The combined organic phases are dried and concentrated to give the crude product which is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (using a solvent gradient from 100percent EA to EA/MeOH = 9/1 ) to provide 3.6 g of A-24.4. APCI+/-: 365 [M+H]+; HPLC (Rt): 1 .10 min (Method N). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
1.5 g | With copper(l) iodide; caesium carbonate; cis-N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 110℃; for 0.5h;Microwave irradiation; | Step 1 : Cs2C03 (2.42 g, 7.43 mmol) is added to a stirred solution of A-28.2 (1 .68 g, 7.43 mmol) in dry DMF (10 mL). The mixture is stirred for 10 min before A-28.1 (1.00 g, 4.95 mmol), Cul (56.6 mg, 0.30 mmol) and A-28.3 (63.4 muIota_, 0.45 mmol) are added and the reaction is heated to 1 10°C by microwave irradiation and stirred for 30 min. After cooling, the mixture is concentrated, poured into water and extracted with Et20. The organic phase is dried and concentrated to give the crude product which is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (using a solvent gradient from n-hexane/EA = 8/2 to EA 100percent) to provide 1.5 g of A- 28.4. ES+/-: 348 [M+H]+; HPLC (Rt): 0.57 min (Method P). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
To a stirred solution of EE-3 (10 g, 44.08 mmol) in DMF (60 mL) is added K2C03 (9.158 g, 66.12 mmol) at room temperature then the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. EE-4 (5.422 g, 44.08 mmol) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction mixture is quenched with water then extracted with EtOAc twice. The organics are combined and concentrated. The residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with EtOAc in heptane to yield Intermediate EE-5. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate; (4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-dipyridyl)-bis-(5-methyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridine(-1H))-iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate; N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N?-tert-butylguanidine; bathophenanthroline; iodomesitylene diacetate; In 1,4-dioxane; at 20℃; for 1h;Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; | General procedure: To a 20 ml or 40 ml viale quipped with a stir bar was added photocatalyst, nitrogen nucleophile, iodomesitylene dicarboxylate, copper salt, and ligand. Dioxane was added followed by addition of the base. The solution was sonicated for 1?3 min until it became homogeneous. Next, the solution was degassed by sparging with nitrogen for 5?10 min before sealing with Parafilm. The reaction was stirred and irradiated using two 34-W blue LED lamps (3 cm away, with cooling fan to keep the reaction at room temperature) for 1 h. The reaction mixture was removed from the light, cooled to ambient temperature, diluted with water (15 ml) and ethyl acetate (25 ml), and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 25 ml). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the desired decarboxylative C?N coupling product. For aniline substrates, a solution of these nitrogen nucleophiles in dioxane was used; additionally, if the iodomesitylene dicarboxylate is a liquid, its solution in dioxane was used. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | With copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate; (4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-dipyridyl)-bis-(5-methyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridine(-1H))-iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate; N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N?-tert-butylguanidine; bathophenanthroline; iodomesitylene diacetate; In 1,4-dioxane; at 20℃; for 1h;Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; | General procedure: To a 20 ml or 40 ml viale quipped with a stir bar was added photocatalyst, nitrogen nucleophile, iodomesitylene dicarboxylate, copper salt, and ligand. Dioxane was added followed by addition of the base. The solution was sonicated for 1?3 min until it became homogeneous. Next, the solution was degassed by sparging with nitrogen for 5?10 min before sealing with Parafilm. The reaction was stirred and irradiated using two 34-W blue LED lamps (3 cm away, with cooling fan to keep the reaction at room temperature) for 1 h. The reaction mixture was removed from the light, cooled to ambient temperature, diluted with water (15 ml) and ethyl acetate (25 ml), and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 25 ml). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel to afford the desired decarboxylative C?N coupling product. For aniline substrates, a solution of these nitrogen nucleophiles in dioxane was used; additionally, if the iodomesitylene dicarboxylate is a liquid, its solution in dioxane was used. |
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