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Chemical Structure| 1448671-31-5 Chemical Structure| 1448671-31-5

Structure of AZD3965
CAS No.: 1448671-31-5

Chemical Structure| 1448671-31-5

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AZD3965 is a selective monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) inhibitor with high affinity for MCT1, with an IC50 value of 3 nM. AZD3965 has antitumor effects and can be used in research on cancers related to lactate metabolism.

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Product Citations

Product Citations

Wegner, Scott A ; Kim, Hahn ; Avalos, José L ;

Abstract: Lactate transport plays a crucial role in the metabolism, microenvironment, and survival of cancer cells. However, current drugs targeting either MCT1 or MCT4, which traditionally mediate lactate import or efflux respectively, show limited efficacy beyond in vitro models. This limitation partly arises from the existence of both isoforms in certain tumors, however existing high-affinity MCT1/4 inhibitors are years away from human testing. Therefore, we conducted an optogenetic drug screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae on a subset of the FDA-approved drug library to identify existing scaffolds that could be repurposed as monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) inhibitors. Our findings show that several existing drug classes inhibit MCT1 activity, including non-steroidal estrogens, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and natural products (in total representing approximately 1% of the total library, 78 out of 6400), with a moderate affinity (IC50 1.8–21 μM). Given the well-tolerated nature of NSAIDs, and their known anticancer properties associated with COX inhibition, we chose to further investigate their MCT1 inhibition profile. The majority of NSAIDs in our screen cluster into a single large structural grouping. Moreover, this group is predominantly comprised of FDA-approved NSAIDs, with seven exhibiting moderate MCT1 inhibition. Since these molecules form a distinct structural cluster with known NSAID MCT4 inhibitors, such as diclofenac, ketoprofen, and indomethacin, we hypothesize that these newly identified inhibitors may also inhibit both transporters. Consequently, NSAIDs as a class, and piroxicam specifically (IC50 4.4 μM), demonstrate MCT1 inhibition at theoretically relevant human dosages, suggesting immediate potential for standalone MCT inhibition or combined anticancer therapy.

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Product Details of AZD3965

CAS No. :1448671-31-5
Formula : C21H24F3N5O5S
M.W : 515.51
SMILES Code : O=C1N(C(C)C)C2=C(C(C(N3OC[C@@](C)(O)C3)=O)=C(CC4=C(C)NN=C4C(F)(F)F)S2)C(N1C)=O
MDL No. :MFCD28963899
InChI Key :PRNXOFBDXNTIFG-FQEVSTJZSA-N
Pubchem ID :10369242

Safety of AZD3965

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:P261-P305+P351+P338

Isoform Comparison

Biological Activity

In Vitro:

Cell Line
Concentration Treated Time Description References
K-562 1 nM to 10 µM 72 hours Evaluate the effect of AZD3965 on K-562 cells, showing that K-562 cells exhibit unique sensitivity to AZD3965 PMC8671470
BV-173 1 nM to 10 µM 72 hours Evaluate the effect of AZD3965 on BV-173 cells, showing that BV-173 cells exhibit unique sensitivity to AZD3965 PMC8671470
Raji human lymphoma cells 2nM to 25nM 24 hours AZD3965 induced accumulation of Lactate I, which became more pronounced with increasing drug concentrations, reaching a maximum at 25nM. PMC5669455
Raji human lymphoma cells 25nM 15 minutes to 72 hours AZD3965 induced rapid build-up of Lactate I, showing a trend towards an increase as early as 15 minutes, becoming significant after 90 minutes, peaking at around 3h, then showing a gradual decrease from 6h up to 72h post-treatment. PMC5669455
Hut78 human lymphoma cells 5nM to 500nM 24 hours AZD3965 induced a 10-fold build-up in Lactate I in Hut78 cells at 5nM, which was sustained at higher drug concentrations. PMC5669455
HT29 human colon carcinoma cells 5nM to 500nM 24 hours AZD3965 induced a significant increase in Lactate I in HT29 cells at 500nM, reaching up to 4-fold relative to controls. PMC5669455
αCD19-CAR T cells 100 nM 24-48 hours MCT-1 inhibition induced metabolic rewiring in CAR T cells, increasing mitochondrial mass but not significantly affecting their effector function and phenotype PMC10314680
Raji cells 100 nM 48 hours MCT-1 inhibition significantly increased intracellular lactate accumulation in Raji cells and reduced their extracellular acidification rate PMC10314680
Raji human lymphoma cells 2nM, 25nM 24 hours AZD3965 induced accumulation of intracellular lactate, inhibited monocarboxylate influx and efflux, and increased TCA cycle-related metabolites and 13C-glucose mitochondrial metabolism. PMC5669455
Hut78 human lymphoma cells 5nM, 25nM, 500nM 24 hours AZD3965 induced accumulation of intracellular lactate, inhibited monocarboxylate influx and efflux, and increased TCA cycle-related metabolites and 13C-glucose mitochondrial metabolism. PMC5669455
HT29 human colon carcinoma cells 5nM, 25nM, 500nM 24 hours AZD3965 induced accumulation of intracellular lactate, inhibited monocarboxylate influx and efflux, and increased TCA cycle-related metabolites and 13C-glucose mitochondrial metabolism. PMC5669455
TC-1 cancer cells 1 × 10^−6 M 24 hours AZD3965 significantly decreased lactate secretion and inhibited the lowering of pH in the medium PMC7674253
WERI-Rb1 100 nM 48 hours Inhibition of MCT1 led to a significant reduction in RB cell proliferation, increased intracellular lactate accumulation, increased ADP/ATP ratio, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. PMC11088057
Y79 100 nM 48 hours Inhibition of MCT1 led to a significant reduction in RB cell proliferation, increased intracellular lactate accumulation, increased ADP/ATP ratio, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. PMC11088057
SMS-SAN 1 μM 48 h Measure lactate and GSH/GSSG ratio PMC8020796
IMR5 1 μM 16 h Measure ECAR and OCR PMC8020796
PBMC-derived macrophages 20 μM 3 hours To evaluate the effect of exogenous lactic acid on macrophage polarization, results showed that lactic acid promotes M2 polarization under normoxia and M1 polarization under hypoxia. PMC8741856
DLBCL cell lines 100 nM 72 hours AZD3965 potently inhibited the proliferation of DLBCL cell lines PMC5566036
BL cell lines 100 nM 72 hours AZD3965 potently inhibited the proliferation of BL cell lines PMC5566036
CA46 cells 10 nM 7 weeks CA46 cells developed adaptive resistance to AZD3965, with increased dependency on oxidative phosphorylation PMC5566036
HS578T cells 250 nM 24 hours AZD3965 treatment induced a gene expression signature that strongly resembles that of SUM149PT cells with stable MCT1 knockdown, enhancing oxidative metabolism. PMC4816454
SUM149PT cells 250 nM 24 hours AZD3965 treatment reduced proliferation rates of SUM149PT cells and increased intracellular pyruvate levels. PMC4816454
SUM159PT cells 250 nM 24 hours AZD3965 treatment reduced proliferation rates of SUM159PT cells and increased intracellular pyruvate levels. PMC4816454

In Vivo:

Species
Animal Model
Administration Dosage Frequency Description References
mice Raji xenograft tumor model oral 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 30 μM Single injection AZD3965 treatment improved tumor bioenergetics, as detected by in vivo 31P NMR spectroscopy, with increased β-NTP/Pi and β-NTP/total P ratios, indicating increased tumor lactate accumulation but no change in tumor acidification. PMC5669455
NOD/SCID mice B-cell leukemia xenograft model intraperitoneal injection 80 mg/kg Every 8 hours, for a total of 3 doses Combination of MCT-1 inhibition with CAR T cells significantly reduced tumor burden without affecting T-cell phenotype PMC10314680
Mice Raji xenograft model Oral 50 mg/kg twice daily for 5 days AZD3965 improved tumor bioenergetics, increasing the ratios of β-NTP/Pi and β-NTP/total P, indicating an improved bioenergetic state. PMC5669455
Mice TC-1 tumor model Intravenous injection 5 mg/kg daily injections for 12 days AZD-UPS NP significantly inhibited tumor growth and increased survival PMC7674253
BALB/c nude mice Retinoblastoma xenograft model Intravitreal injection 50 mg/kg Twice daily for 5 days AZD3965 effectively suppressed RB xenograft tumor growth, reduced tumor burden, and altered the expression pattern of pAMPK/pmTOR/pS6. PMC11088057
mice SMS-SAN MYCN-amplified NB xenograft model oral 2 mg/kg Administered on day 7, 10, and 13 Evaluate the effect of AZD3965 and phenformin combination on tumor growth PMC8020796
Mice Abortion-prone mouse model Oral 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM Single injection, duration of 28 days To evaluate the therapeutic effect of AZD3965 on the abortion-prone mouse model, results showed that AZD3965 significantly reduced the embryo resorption rate. PMC8741856
Mice CA46 Burkitt lymphoma model Oral 100 mg/kg/qd/po AZD3965 and 100 mg/kg/qd/po phenformin once daily for 2 weeks AZD3965 significantly inhibited CA46 Burkitt lymphoma growth by 99% PMC5566036
NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice Mammary fat pad xenograft tumor model Oral 100 mg/kg Twice daily for 24 days AZD3965 treatment significantly inhibited the growth of mammary fat pad xenograft tumors but did not reduce tumor FDG uptake. PMC4816454

Protocol

Bio Calculators
Preparing Stock Solutions 1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

1.94mL

0.39mL

0.19mL

9.70mL

1.94mL

0.97mL

19.40mL

3.88mL

1.94mL

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