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Chemical Structure| 49844-90-8 Chemical Structure| 49844-90-8

Structure of 49844-90-8

Chemical Structure| 49844-90-8

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Product Citations

Product Citations

Norman, Jacob Patrick ;

Abstract: Pd-catalyzed cross-couplings rank among the most powerful methods for constructing substituted biaryls, polyaryls, and heteroarenes. Frequently, di- or polyhalogenated (hetero)arenes are employed as starting materials in cross-couplings to access products with increased structural complexity via multiple cross-coupling or substitution steps. N-heteroarenes bearing multiple reactive handles—such as halides, are of particular interest as starting materials since their crosscoupled products can be medicinally relevant. Non-symmetrical dihalogenated N-heteroarenes typically exhibit a site-selectivity bias for C—X bonds which are adjacent to at least one heteroatom in Pd-catalyzed cross-couplings. However, some Pd catalysts—particularly those with hindered ligands, promote atypical selectivity at distal C—X bonds of 2,X-dichloropyridines and related heterocycles during the selectivity-determining oxidative addition step. This dissertation explores the mechanistic origins of these ligand trends and emphasizes the critical importance of Pd’s ligation state—either mono (PdL) or bis (PdL2), in controlling the site of oxidative addition. Ligation state is also relevant when selecting for the products of mono- vs difunctionalization in cross-couplings of dihalogenated substrates, since bisligated 14 e- Pd dissociates quickly from the monofunctionalized intermediate after an initial cross-coupling cycle, whereas monoligated 12 e- Pd is slow to dissociate and may "ring-walk" to the remaining reactive site(s). Additionally, this dissertation explores alternative methods to access minor regioisomers in cross-couplings of dichloro-azines. One approach involves ligand-free conditions where atypical site-selectivity at dichloropyridines and dichloropyrimidines arises from a change in Pd’s speciation from mono- to multinuclearity. Another approach employs a thiolation/Liebeskind-Srogl arylation sequence to achieve site-selectivity which is orthogonal to that of Suzuki-Miyaura couplings.

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Alternative Products

Product Details of [ 49844-90-8 ]

CAS No. :49844-90-8
Formula : C5H5ClN2S
M.W : 160.62
SMILES Code : CSC1=NC=CC(Cl)=N1
MDL No. :MFCD00006083
InChI Key :DFOHHQRGDOQMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :97113

Safety of [ 49844-90-8 ]

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Danger
Hazard Statements:H314
Precautionary Statements:P280-P305+P351+P338-P310
Class:8
UN#:1760
Packing Group:

Computational Chemistry of [ 49844-90-8 ] Show Less

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms 9
Num. arom. heavy atoms 6
Fraction Csp3 0.2
Num. rotatable bonds 1
Num. H-bond acceptors 2.0
Num. H-bond donors 0.0
Molar Refractivity 38.76
TPSA ?

Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from
Ertl P. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem.

51.08 Ų

Lipophilicity

Log Po/w (iLOGP)?

iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from
Daina A et al. 2014 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

1.88
Log Po/w (XLOGP3)?

XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by
XLOGP program, version 3.2.2, courtesy of CCBG, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry

2.01
Log Po/w (WLOGP)?

WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from
Wildman SA and Crippen GM. 1999 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

1.85
Log Po/w (MLOGP)?

MLOGP: Topological method implemented from
Moriguchi I. et al. 1992 Chem. Pharm. Bull.
Moriguchi I. et al. 1994 Chem. Pharm. Bull.
Lipinski PA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev.

0.81
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)?

SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by
FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com

2.12
Consensus Log Po/w?

Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions

1.73

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL):?

ESOL: Topological method implemented from
Delaney JS. 2004 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

-2.53
Solubility 0.475 mg/ml ; 0.00295 mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

Soluble
Log S (Ali)?

Ali: Topological method implemented from
Ali J. et al. 2012 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

-2.71
Solubility 0.313 mg/ml ; 0.00195 mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

Soluble
Log S (SILICOS-IT)?

SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by
FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com

-2.75
Solubility 0.282 mg/ml ; 0.00176 mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

Soluble

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption?

Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg

High
BBB permeant?

BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg

Yes
P-gp substrate?

P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set)
and tested on 415 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.72 / AUC=0.77
External: ACC=0.88 / AUC=0.94

No
CYP1A2 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set)
and tested on 3000 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.83 / AUC=0.90
External: ACC=0.84 / AUC=0.91

Yes
CYP2C19 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set)
and tested on 3000 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.86
External: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.87

No
CYP2C9 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set)
and tested on 2075 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.71 / AUC=0.81

No
CYP2D6 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set)
and tested on 1068 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.79 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.81 / AUC=0.87

No
CYP3A4 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set)
and tested on 2579 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.77 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.86

No
Log Kp (skin permeation)?

Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from
Potts RO and Guy RH. 1992 Pharm. Res.

-5.85 cm/s

Druglikeness

Lipinski?

Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from
Lipinski CA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.
MW ≤ 500
MLOGP ≤ 4.15
N or O ≤ 10
NH or OH ≤ 5

0.0
Ghose?

Ghose filter: implemented from
Ghose AK. et al. 1999 J. Comb. Chem.
160 ≤ MW ≤ 480
-0.4 ≤ WLOGP ≤ 5.6
40 ≤ MR ≤ 130
20 ≤ atoms ≤ 70

None
Veber?

Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from
Veber DF. et al. 2002 J. Med. Chem.
Rotatable bonds ≤ 10
TPSA ≤ 140

0.0
Egan?

Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from
Egan WJ. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem.
WLOGP ≤ 5.88
TPSA ≤ 131.6

0.0
Muegge?

Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from
Muegge I. et al. 2001 J. Med. Chem.
200 ≤ MW ≤ 600
-2 ≤ XLOGP ≤ 5
TPSA ≤ 150
Num. rings ≤ 7
Num. carbon > 4
Num. heteroatoms > 1
Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 15
H-bond acc. ≤ 10
H-bond don. ≤ 5

1.0
Bioavailability Score?

Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat
implemented from
Martin YC. 2005 J. Med. Chem.

0.55

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS?

Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from
Baell JB. & Holloway GA. 2010 J. Med. Chem.

0.0 alert
Brenk?

Structural Alert: implemented from
Brenk R. et al. 2008 ChemMedChem

0.0 alert: heavy_metal
Leadlikeness?

Leadlikeness: implemented from
Teague SJ. 1999 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
250 ≤ MW ≤ 350
XLOGP ≤ 3.5
Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 7

No; 1 violation:MW<1.0
Synthetic accessibility?

Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult)
based on 1024 fragmental contributions (FP2) modulated by size and complexity penaties,
trained on 12'782'590 molecules and tested on 40 external molecules (r2 = 0.94)

1.73

Application In Synthesis of [ 49844-90-8 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

  • Downstream synthetic route of [ 49844-90-8 ]

[ 49844-90-8 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream   1~8

  • 1
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • [ 960-16-7 ]
  • [ 56734-10-2 ]
  • 2
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • phenylmagnesium bromide [ No CAS ]
  • [ 56734-10-2 ]
  • 3
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • [ 100-58-3 ]
  • [ 56734-10-2 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
53% EXAMPLE 24 A solution of phenylmagnesium bromide (1M in THF, 4.2 mL, 4.2 mmol) is added to a solution of 4-chloro-2-methylthio-pyrimidine (296 mg, 1.84 mmol) and Fe(acac)3 (32 mg, 0.09 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at -30 C. After stirring for 50 min at that temperature, the reaction is quenched with brine, the aqueous layer is extracted with Et2O, the combined organic phases are dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated, and the residue is purified by flash chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate, 10:1). After eluding a first fraction containing biphenyl (90 mg), one obtains 2-methylthio-4-phenyl-pyrimidine as a pale yellow solid (197 mg, 53%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD2Cl2) delta8.53 (d, 1H), 8.09-8.13 (m, 2H), 7.53-7.48 (m, 3H), 7.39 (d, 2H), 2.63 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD2Cl2) delta173.0, 164.0, 158.0, 136.7, 131.1, 131.0, 129.2, 127.5, 127.4, 112.2, 14.3.
  • 4
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • [ 109179-31-9 ]
  • [ 1319196-85-4 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
With sodium hydride; 1,3-dimethylimidazolim iodide; In tetrahydrofuran; for 0.5h;Reflux; To a mixture of 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine (0.36 mL, 3.11 mmol), 2- bromo-3-methylbenzaldehyde (0.744 g, 3.74 mmol), and l,3-dimethyl-l//-imidazol-3- ium iodide (0.697 g, 3.11 mmol) in THF (3 mL) was added NaH (0.149 g, 3.74 mmol) and the resulting mixture was refluxed for 30 min. Product was observed and the reaction went to completion. The mixture was brought to RT and poured into ice-water, extracted with DCM and purified using hexanes to afford a light yellow solid as (2-bromo-3- methylphenyl)(2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4-yl)methanone.
  • 5
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • [ 271-73-8 ]
  • [ 1415509-39-5 ]
  • 6
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • [ 85290-78-4 ]
  • [ 1307803-04-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
83% With potassium carbonate; In acetonitrile; at 80℃; for 8h; To a solution of ethyl 3-methyl-iif-pyrazole-4-carboxylate 2 (5.0 g, 32.4 mmol) in anhydrous acetonitrile (60 mL) were added potassium carbonate (8.96 g, 64.9 mmol) and 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrirnidine 11 (5.47g, 34.1 mmol) at room temperature (rt). The resulting suspension was heated at 80 C for 8 hours with monitoring a reaction with LC-MS or thin layer chromatography (TLC). It was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with brine. The collected organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated in vacou. The resulting residue was recrystallized with methanol to give 7.88 g (83 %) of ethyl 3-methyl-l- (2-(memyltMo)pyrimidin-4-yl)-2fl-pyrazole-4-carboxylate 12; MS (ESI) m/z 279 [M+H]+ The resulting pyrazole-4-carboxylate 12 (7.44g, 26.7 mmol) was dissolved in 30 mL of DCM and then cooled to 0 C. To this was added 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA, 13.2g, 58.8 mmol) at the same temperature. The reaction was warmed to room temperature, stirred for 2 hours and then quenched by addition of saturated NaHC<¾ solution. The collected organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated in vacou. The resulting residue was recrystallized with iso-propylether to give 7.88 g (83 %) of ethyl 3-methyl-l-(2- (methylsulfonyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)-i/i'-pyrazole-4-carboxylate 13 as a coloress solid (6.92g, 83%); m/z 311 [M+H]+. The obtained sulfoxide 13 (3.0 g, 9.7 mmol) was mixed with acetic acid (0.42 mL, 9.7 mmol) and 3,5-dimethylaniline (1.4 mL, 9.7 mmol) in 10 mL of n-butanol. After being heated at reflux for 2 hours, the mixture was concentrated in vacou. The resulting residue was extracted with DCM, washed with a saturated NaHCC solution. The collected organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated in vacou and then recrystallized with ethyl acetate to afford 0.86 g (26 %) of Compound No. 2 as a pale yellow solid; m/z 352 [M+H]+.
  • 7
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • [ 85290-78-4 ]
  • [ 1307803-05-9 ]
  • 8
  • [ 49844-90-8 ]
  • [ 496863-48-0 ]
 

Historical Records

Technical Information

Categories

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