Structure of 173253-42-4
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The BI-3802 was designed by Boehringer Ingelheim and could be obtained free of charge through the Boehringer Ingelheim open innovation portal opnMe.com, associated with its negative control.
Synonyms: 5-Bromo-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine
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CAS No. : | 173253-42-4 |
Formula : | C4H3BrClN3 |
M.W : | 208.44 |
SMILES Code : | NC1=NC(=C(N=C1)Br)Cl |
Synonyms : |
5-Bromo-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine
|
MDL No. : | MFCD09909642 |
InChI Key : | CRVPQFAORCSDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 18180207 |
GHS Pictogram: |
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Signal Word: | Warning |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H335 |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 |
Num. heavy atoms | 9 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms | 6 |
Fraction Csp3 | 0.0 |
Num. rotatable bonds | 0 |
Num. H-bond acceptors | 2.0 |
Num. H-bond donors | 1.0 |
Molar Refractivity | 39.15 |
TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from |
51.8 Ų |
Log Po/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from |
1.32 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by |
1.42 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from |
1.48 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from |
0.37 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by |
1.67 |
Consensus Log Po/w? Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions |
1.25 |
Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from |
-2.52 |
Solubility | 0.629 mg/ml ; 0.00302 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from |
-2.11 |
Solubility | 1.61 mg/ml ; 0.00772 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by |
-2.77 |
Solubility | 0.356 mg/ml ; 0.00171 mol/l |
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg |
High |
BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg |
Yes |
P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) |
No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) |
No |
Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from |
-6.56 cm/s |
Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from |
None |
Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from |
1.0 |
Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat |
0.55 |
PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from |
0.0 alert |
Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from |
0.0 alert: heavy_metal |
Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from |
No; 1 violation:MW<1.0 |
Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) |
2.45 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
79% | With N-Bromosuccinimide; In methanol; chloroform; acetonitrile; at 0 - 20℃; for 1h; | To a solution of <strong>[33332-28-4]2-amino-6-chloropyrazine</strong> (5 g, 38.60 mmol) in a mixture of anhydrous chloroform (120 mL), anhydrous acetonitrile (12 mL) and anhydrous methanol (12 mL) was addedslowly, at 0CC, NBS (7.56 g, 42.45 mmol, 1.1 eq.) and the mixture was warmed to room temper-ature and continuously stirred for 1 h. The excess solvent was removed in vacuo and the obtained crude material (light brown solid) was purified by column chromatography (Hexane/DCM/MeOH = 50/50/0 then 0/1 00/0 then 0/95/5) to afford 5-bromo-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine(6.34 g, 30.42 mmol, 79percent) as white crystals. ESI-MS: 209.90 [M+H]+. 1 H NMR (300 MHz,CDCI3) 6 7.69 (s, 1 H), 4.78 (br s, 2H). |
72% | With N-Bromosuccinimide; In methanol; at 20℃; for 1h; | 6-chloropyrazine-2-amine (10.4 g, 80 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (300 ml), and N-bromosuccinimide (15.6 g, 88 mmol) was added thereto while stirring at room temperature. After stirring for additional 60 minutes, the reaction product was concentrated under reduced pressure, followed by adding water so that the reaction product was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic later was collected, dried over magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Thereafter, the residue was purified on a silica gel column using chromatography. The title compound (12.0 g, 72percent) was obtained by eluting as a mixed solvent (3:1 v/v) of hexane and ethyl acetate. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) delta 7.69 (s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 2H). |
42% | With N-Bromosuccinimide; In dichloromethane; at 0℃; for 1h; | 2,6-Dichloropyrazine (2.89 g, 19.4 mmol) was stirred in aqueous NH3 (28percent, 10 ml.) and heated to 100°C in a sealed tube for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and the resultant precipitate was filtered. Trituration with water and then ether gave 6- chloropyrazin-2-amine as a white solid (2.28 g, 17.6 mmol, 91 percent yield). 1H NMR (d6-DMSO, 400 MHz) ? 6.9 (brs, 2H), 7.70 (d, J = 0.4, 1 H), 7.80 (d, J = 0.4, 1 H); LC-MS (ZQ, 6 minutes) Rt = 1.05 minutes; m/z (ESI+) 130 (M+H).6-Chloropyrazin-2-amine (2.50 g, 19.3 mmol) was stirred in CH2CI2 (60 ml.) at 0°C.A/-Bromosuccinimide (2.92 g, 16.4 mmol) was added slowly and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 60 minutes. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and concentrated to give a brown oil. Purification by flash chromatography, eluting with 0-25percent EtOAc-hexanes, gave 5-bromo-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine as a yellow solid (1 .69 g, 8.16 mmol, 42percent yield). 1H NMR (de-DMSO, 400 MHz) ? 7.1 (brs, 2H), 7.65 (s, 1 H); LC-MS (ZQ, 4 minutes) Rt = 1.46 minutes; m/z (ESI-) 205 (M-H).A mixture of 5-bromo-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine (1 .00 g, 4.8 mmol), copper (I) iodide (914 mg, 4.8 mmol), 18-crown-6 (95 mg, 0.36 mmol) andtetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (83 mg, 0.072 mmol) was suspended in dry DMF (20 ml.) and a stream of nitrogen was passed through for 5 minutes. Potassium cyanide (312 mg, 4.8 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then refluxed at 200°C for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled, diluted with EtOAc and absorbed onto silica gel (10 g). DMF was removed by evaporation. The product was purified by flash chromatography, eluting with 1 :1 EtOAc-hexanes, to yield 5- amino-3-chloropyrazine-2-carbonitrile as a yellow solid (607 mg, 3.93 mmol, 82percent yield). 1H NMR (d6 DMSO, 400 MHz) ? 7.87 (s, 1 H), 8.1 (brs, 2H); LC-MS (ZQ, 4 minutes) Rt = 1.20 minutes; m/z (ESI-) 153 (M-H). |
42% | With N-Bromosuccinimide; In dichloromethane; at 0℃; | Synthesis 2-1 -B 5-bromo-6-chloropyrazin-2-amine 6-Chloropyrazin-2-amine (2.50 g, 19.3 mmol) was stirred in dichloromethane (60 mL) and cooled to O°C. N-Bromosuccinimide (2.92 g, 16.4 mmol) was added slowly and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 60 minutes. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and concentrated to give a brown oil. Purification by flash chromatography, eluting with 0-25percent ethyl acetate-hexane, gave the title compound as a yellow solid (1.69 g, 8.16 mmol, 42percent). 1HMR (d6-DMSO, 400 MHz) delta 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.1 (br s, 2H). LC-MS (1) rt 1.46 min; m/z (ESI-) 205 (M-H). |
With N-Bromosuccinimide; In chloroform; | The starting 2-amino-5-bromo-6-chloropyrazine was obtained as follows: A solution of <strong>[33332-28-4]2-amino-6-chloropyrazine</strong> (5.0 g) and N-bromosuccinimide (13.9 g) in chloroform (200 ml) was heated under reflux for 2 hours. Insoluble material was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated by evaporation. The residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel, eluding with dichloromethane, to give 2-amino-5-bromo-6-chloropyrazine (1.5 g); m.p. 120°-122° C.; mass spectrum (+ve CI): 208 (M+H)+. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In chloroform; | 4. 2-Chloro-3-bromo-6-aminopyrazine and 2-amino-3-bromo-6-chloropyrazine A solution of 2-chloro-6-aminopyrazine (20 g, 0.15 mole) in chloroform (1940 ml) was stirred at -5° C. to 0° C. N-Bromosuccinimide (27.58 g, 0.15 mole) was added in portions maintaining the temperature between -5 and 0° C. The mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 3.50 hrs. The mixture was then washed with aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate (1*300 ml), then water (1*500 ml), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate, filtered and the filtrate evaporated down in vacuo. The residue was purified by 'flash chromatography' using chloroform as the eluent. Yield of 2-chloro-3-bromo-6-aminopyrazine 13.89 g (43percent), M.p. 146-147° C. Yield of 2-amino-3-bromo-6-chloropyrazine 4.90 g (15percent), M.p. 124-125° C. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
28% | With N-Bromosuccinimide; In chloroform; at 0 - 20℃; | Preparation of 3-bromo-6-chloropyrazin-2 -amine (B-10-3).-10-2 B-10-3 B-10-3bTo a solution of compound B-10-2 (110 g, 0.85 mol) in CHCI3 (1.5 L) was added N-bromo-succinimide (151.3 g, 0.85 mol) portionwise at O0C under N2 atmosphere. After the addition, the reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. TLC (petroleum ether/EtOAc 3:1 ) indicated most of compound B-10-2 was consumed. The reaction mixture was washed with saturated Na2CO3 (1 L x 3), H2O (1 L x 3) and saturated aqueous NaCI (1 L) in sequence, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified via column chromatography (silica gel, EtOAc/hexane 1 :20) to yield pure B-10-3b (35 g) and pure compound B-10-3 (45 g, 28percent) as a yellow solid. |
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