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Chemical Structure| 18883-66-4 Chemical Structure| 18883-66-4

Structure of Streptozotocin
CAS No.: 18883-66-4

Chemical Structure| 18883-66-4

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Streptozotocin (Streptozocin) is an antibiotic widely used to induce diabetes mellitus in experimental animals. Streptozotocin enters β-cells via the glucose transporter (GLUT2) and causes DNA alkylation, leading to β-cell apoptosis.

Synonyms: NSC-85998; SZN; SZC

4.5 *For Research Use Only !

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Product Citations

Mani, Vasudevan ; Arfeen, Minhajul ;

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a widespread endocrine disorder charac_x005f_x0002_terized by chronic hyperglycemia, can cause nerve damage and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Effective blood glucose management is essential, and sitagliptin (SITG), a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, may offer neuroprotective benefits in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: T2DM was induced in rats using nicotinamide (NICO) and streptozotocin (STZ), and biomarkers of AD and DM-linked enzymes, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were evaluated in the brain. Computational studies supported the in vivo findings. Results: SITG significantly reduced the brain enzyme levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), beta-secretase-1 (BACE-1), DPP-4, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in T2DM-induced rats. It also reduced inflammation by lowering cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Additionally, SITG improved oxidative stress markers by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and enhancing glutathione (GSH). It increased anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2) while reducing pro-apoptotic markers such as Bcl-2-associated X (BAX) and Caspace-3. SITG also lowered blood glucose levels and improved plasma insulin levels. To explore potential molecular level mechanisms, docking was performed on AChE, COX-2, GSK-3β, BACE-1, and Caspace-3. The potential binding affinity of SITG for the above-mentioned target enzymes were 10.8, 8.0, 9.7, 7.7, and 7.9 kcal/mol, respectively, comparable to co-crystallized ligands. Further binding mode analysis of the lowest energy conformation revealed interactions with the critical residues. Conclusions: These findings highlight SITG’s neuroprotective molecular targets in T2DM-associated neurodegeneration and its potential as a therapeutic approach for AD, warranting further clinical investigations.

Keywords: sitagliptin ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; Alzheimer’s disease ; brain enzymes ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; apoptosis ; molecular docking

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Alternative Products

Product Details of Streptozotocin

CAS No. :18883-66-4
Formula : C8H15N3O7
M.W : 265.22
SMILES Code : O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](NC(N(C)N=O)=O)[C@H]1O
Synonyms :
NSC-85998; SZN; SZC
InChI Key :ZSJLQEPLLKMAKR-GKHCUFPYSA-N
Pubchem ID :29327

Safety of Streptozotocin

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Danger
Hazard Statements:H350
Precautionary Statements:P201-P308+P313
Class:6.1
UN#:2811
Packing Group:

Related Pathways of Streptozotocin

DNA

Isoform Comparison

Biological Activity

In Vitro:

Cell Line
Concentration Treated Time Description References
LLC-PK1 cells 10 mM 24 hours and 72 hours To evaluate the protective effect of IOEs on STZ-induced renal tubular cell injury, results showed that EtCE-EA increased cell survival at both 24 and 72 hours. PMC10002342

In Vivo:

Species
Animal Model
Administration Dosage Frequency Description References
Rats Streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes model Intraperitoneal injection 50 mg/kg Single injection The study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of hDPSCs transplantation on parotid gland injury in a rat model of STZ-induced type 1 diabetes. Results showed that hDPSCs transplantation decreased blood glucose, improved parotid gland weight and salivary flow rate, reduced oxidative stress, and promoted parotid cell regeneration. PMC8591949
C57BL/6J mice Streptozotocin-induced diabetes model Intraperitoneal injection Single high dose 150 mg/kg or multiple low doses 50 mg/kg Single high dose administered once, multiple low doses administered over 5 consecutive days To study the effects of streptozotocin on pancreatic β-cells and observe the progression of hyperglycemia and diabetes PMC9464185
Sprague-Dawley rats Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model Intraperitoneal injection 60 mg/kg Single injection To investigate the effect of glycemic variability on peripheral nerve damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The results suggest that glucose control itself is more important than glucose fluctuation in preventing peripheral nerve damage. PMC8831810
Mice 1/3 NT + STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy model Intraperitoneal injection 75 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg Once a week for 7 days To evaluate the protective effect of EtCE-EA on diabetic nephropathy, results showed that EtCE-EA effectively improved renal function indicators and reduced renal damage. PMC10002342
Mice 3xTg-AD mice Intracerebroventricular injection 3.0 mg/kg Single injection, lasting 3-6 weeks To investigate the effects of STZ on cognitive function and Alzheimer-like brain abnormalities in 3xTg-AD mice. Results showed that STZ exacerbated impairment of short-term and spatial reference memory, increased tau hyperphosphorylation and neuroinflammation, disturbed brain insulin signaling, and decreased synaptic plasticity and amyloid β peptides in the brain. PMC3948211

Clinical Trial:

NCT Number Conditions Phases Recruitment Completion Date Locations
NCT01362530 Chemotherapy Induced Nausea an... More >>d Vomiting Less << Phase 3 Completed - -
NCT01362530 - Completed - -
NCT00003543 Colorectal Cancer Phase 1 Completed - United States, New York ... More >> Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York, United States, 10021 Less <<
NCT01709123 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Not Applicable Unknown September 2013 United States, Louisiana ... More >> Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in Shreveport Recruiting Shreveport, Louisiana, United States, 71130 Contact: Sushil K Jain, Ph.D.    318-675-6086    sjain@lsuhsc.edu    Sub-Investigator: Robert McVie, M.D.          Sub-Investigator: Tommie Stapleton, RN, CCRC          Sub-Investigator: Cynthia Brewer, RN          Sub-Investigator: John Rowell, RN, MSN          Sub-Investigator: Henry R McKnight, RPH          Sub-Investigator: Pat F Bass, M.D.          Sub-Investigator: Shikha Mane, M.D.          Sub-Investigator: David Micinski, BS          Sub-Investigator: Neslihan Gungor, M.D. Less <<
NCT03758014 GBM Phase 2 Phase 3 Recruiting April 30, 2021 China, Beijing ... More >> Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University Recruiting Beijing, Beijing, China Contact: Wenbin Li Less <<
NCT00448136 Neoplasms Phase 2 Completed - France ... More >> Angers, France, 49933 Bordeaux, France, 33075 Boulogne Billancourt, France, 92104 Caen, France, 14033 Chambray Les Tours, France, 37171 Clichy, France, 92118 Creteil, France, 94010 Dijon, France, 21079 Lille, France, 59020 Lyon, France, 69437 Marseille, France, 13273 Marseille, France, 13285 Marseille, France, 13385 Montpellier, France, 34298 Nantes, France, 44093 Nice, France, 06189 Paris, France, 75571 Paris, France, 75651 Paris, France, 75908 Paris, France, 75970 Poitiers, France, 86021 Reims, France, 51092 Rouen, France, 76031 Saint Brieuc, France, 22015 Strasbourg, France, 67091 Toulouse, France, 31059 Villejuif, France, 94805 Less <<
NCT03217097 Neuroendocrine Tumors Phase 4 Not yet recruiting October 2021 France ... More >> Hôpital Sud - CHU Amiens Not yet recruiting Amiens, France, 80054 Contact: Vincent HAUTEFEUILLE, MD          Principal Investigator: Vincent HAUTEFEUILLE, MD          CHU d'Angers Not yet recruiting Angers, France, 49933 Contact: Sandrine LABOUREAU, MD          Principal Investigator: Sandrine LABOUREAU, MD          Hôpital Beaujon - APHP Not yet recruiting Clichy, France, 92118 Contact: Olivia HENTIC, MD          Principal Investigator: Olivia HENTIC, MD          Hôpital François Mitterrand - CHU Dijon Bourgogne Not yet recruiting Dijon, France, 21000 Contact: Côme LEPAGE, MD          Principal Investigator: Côme LEPAGE, MD          Hôpital André Michalon - CHU Grenoble Alpes Not yet recruiting La Tronche, France, 38700 Contact: Victoire GRANGER, MD          Principal Investigator: Victoire GRANGER, MD          Centre Oscar Lambret Not yet recruiting Lille, France, 59020 Contact: Eric DANSIN, MD          Principal Investigator: Eric DANSIN, MD          Hôpital Claude Hurriet - CHRU Lille Not yet recruiting Lille, France, 59037 Contact: Christine DO CAO, MD          Principal Investigator: Christine DO CAO, MD          Hôpital Edouard Herriot - Hospices Civils de Lyon Not yet recruiting Lyon, France, 69003 Contact: Thomas WALTER, MD          Principal Investigator: Catherine LOMBARD BOHAS, MD          Sub-Investigator: Thomas WALTER, MD          Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz Not yet recruiting Lyon, France, 69008 Contact: Jérôme DESRAMES, MD          Principal Investigator: Jérôme DESRAMES, MD          Centre Léon Bérard Not yet recruiting Lyon, France, 69373 Contact: Matthieu SARABI, MD          Principal Investigator: Matthieu SARABI, MD          Institut Paoli Calmettes Not yet recruiting Marseille, France, 13009 Contact: Patricia NICCOLI, MD          Principal Investigator: Patricia NICCOLI, MD          Hôpital Saint Eloi - CHU Montpellier Not yet recruiting Montpellier, France, 34090 Contact: Eric ASSENAT, MD          Principal Investigator: Eric ASSENAT, MD          Hôpital Saint Louis - APHP Not yet recruiting Paris, France, 75010 Contact: Thomas APARICIO, MD          Principal Investigator: Thomas APARICIO, MD          Hôpital Cochin - APHP Not yet recruiting Paris, France, 75014 Contact: Romain CORIAT, MD          Principal Investigator: Romain CORIAT, MD          CH Annecy Genevois Not yet recruiting Pringy, France, 74374 Contact: Mathieu BACONNIER, MD          Principal Investigator: Mathieu BACONNIER, MD          Hôpital Robert Debré - CHU Reims Not yet recruiting Reims, France, 51092 Contact: Guillaume CADIOT, MD          Principal Investigator: Guillaume CADIOT, MD          Hôpital Nord - CHU Saint Etienne Not yet recruiting Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France, 42270 Contact: Nicolas WILLIET, MD          Principal Investigator: Nicolas WILLIET, MD          Institut de Cancérologie de la Loire Not yet recruiting Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France, 42270 Contact: Léa SABAN-ROCHE, MD          Principal Investigator: Léa SABAN-ROCHE, MD          Hôpital Rangueil - CHU Toulouse Not yet recruiting Toulouse, France, 31059 Contact: Rosine GUIMBAUD, MD          Principal Investigator: Rosine GUIMBAUD, MD          Hôpital Trousseau - CHU Tours Not yet recruiting Tours, France, 37044 Contact: Thierry LECOMTE, MD          Principal Investigator: Thierry LECOMTE, MD          Institut Gustave Roussy Not yet recruiting Villejuif, France, 94805 Contact: Eric BAUDIN, MD          Principal Investigator: Eric BAUDIN, MD Less <<
NCT00633763 - Completed - United States, California ... More >> University of California Irvine Medical Center Orange, California, United States, 92868 Less <<
NCT02246127 Neuroendocrine Tumors Phase 3 Recruiting June 2020 -
NCT00094497 Carcinoma, Adrenal Cortical Phase 3 Completed - United States, Maryland ... More >> National Cancer Institute - Center for Cancer Research Bethesda, Maryland, United States United States, Michigan University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109 Australia Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide, Australia, SA 5000 Austria University of Graz Graz, Austria, 8036 France Clinique Marc Linquette Lille, France Centre Leon Berard Lyon, France Hospital de Marseille la timone Marseille, France, 13385 Cochin Hospital Paris, France, 75679 Hospital Bordeaux haut leveque Pessac, France, 33600 Institut Gustave Roussy Villejuif, France, 94805 Germany Charité-University, Dept. of Endocrinology; Campus Benjamin Franklin Berlin, Germany Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin - Campus Mitte Berlin, Germany Dept. of Medicine III Dresden, Germany University of Duesseldorf, Dept. of Endocrrinology Duesseldorf, Germany, 40001 Zentrum für Innere Medizin - Endokrinologie des Universitätsklinikum Essen Essen, Germany Endokrinologie Medizinische Hochschule Hannover Hannover, Germany Otto-von-Guericke University; Dept. of Endocrinology Magdeburg, Germany, 39120 Dept of Medicine I Mainz, Germany University of Munich, Dept. of Internal Medicine (Innenstadt) Munich, Germany, 80336 University of Wuerzburg - Dept. of Medicine Wuerzburg, Germany, 97080 Italy University of Turin, Dept of Internal Medicine Orbassano, Italy, 10043 Clinica Endocrinologica, Università di Padova, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova Padova, Italy Netherlands Vrije Universiteit Medisch Centrum Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1007 Academisch Medisch Centrum; Dept. of Endocrinology Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1105 AZ Maxima Medisch Centrum; Dept. of Internal Medicine Eindhoven, Netherlands, 5631 BM University Hospital Groningen; Dept. of Internal Medine Groningen, Netherlands, 9700 Leiden University Medical Center Leiden, Netherlands Sweden Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg, Sweden Department of Oncology, Linköping University Hospital Linköping, Sweden Department of Medicine, The Jubileum Institute, Lund University Lund, Sweden Dept of Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm Stockholm, Sweden Uppsala University Hospital - Dept of Medical Sciences Uppsala, Sweden, 751 85 Less <<
NCT00094497 - Completed - -
NCT00001165 Islet Cell Adenoma ... More >> Neoplasm Metastasis Zollinger Ellison Syndrome Less << Phase 2 Completed - United States, Maryland ... More >> National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892 Less <<
NCT03351296 Pancreatic Cancer Phase 2 Not yet recruiting June 2023 France ... More >> Gustave Roussy Not yet recruiting Villejuif, Val De Marne, France, 94805 Contact: Michel Ducreux, MD, PhD    0142116017 ext +33    michel.ducreux@gustaveroussy.fr    Contact: Dune Lemettre    0142116643 ext +33    dune.lemettre@gustaveroussy.fr Less <<
NCT00602082 Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tum... More >>or Islet Cell Tumor Less << Phase 2 Completed - United Kingdom ... More >> Basildon University Hospital Basildon, England, United Kingdom, SS16 5NL Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, CB2 2QQ Cookridge Hospital Leeds, England, United Kingdom, LS16 6QB Leicester Royal Infirmary Leicester, England, United Kingdom, LE1 5WW Aintree University Hospital Liverpool, England, United Kingdom, L9 7AL UCL Cancer Institute London, England, United Kingdom, NW3 2QG St. Thomas' Hospital London, England, United Kingdom, SE1 7EH Mid Kent Oncology Centre at Maidstone Hospital Maidstone, England, United Kingdom, ME16 9QQ Christie Hospital Manchester, England, United Kingdom, M20 4BX Clatterbridge Centre for Oncology Merseyside, England, United Kingdom, CH63 4JY Northern Centre for Cancer Treatment at Newcastle General Hospital Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, England, United Kingdom, NE4 6BE Oxford Radcliffe Hospital Oxford, England, United Kingdom, 0X3 9DU Royal Marsden - Surrey Sutton, England, United Kingdom, SM2 5PT Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Westcliff-On-Sea, England, United Kingdom, SS0 0RY Edinburgh Cancer Centre at Western General Hospital Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom, EH4 2XU Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, G12 0YN Velindre Cancer Center at Velindre Hospital Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom, CF14 2TL Less <<
NCT00609765 Pancreatic Cancer Phase 2 Terminated(Development of new ... More >>chemotherapy standard of care for treatment rendered the trial obsolete.) Less << - United States, Florida ... More >> H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa, Florida, United States, 33612 Less <<
NCT00609765 - Terminated(Development of new ... More >>chemotherapy standard of care for treatment rendered the trial obsolete.) Less << - -
NCT00448136 - Completed - -
NCT00004688 Anaplastic Astrocytoma ... More >> Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma Mixed Gliomas Glioblastoma Multiforme Recurrent Brain Tumor Less << Phase 2 Completed - -
NCT03612232 Adrenocortical Carcinoma Phase 2 Not yet recruiting June 2022 Germany ... More >> University Hospital Würzburg Not yet recruiting Würzburg, Germany, 97080 Contact: Matthias Kroiss, MD, PhD    +4993120139740    Kroiss_M@ukw.de    Contact: Martin Fassnacht, MD    +4993120139200    Fassnacht_M@ukw.de Less <<

Protocol

Bio Calculators
Preparing Stock Solutions 1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

3.77mL

0.75mL

0.38mL

18.85mL

3.77mL

1.89mL

37.70mL

7.54mL

3.77mL

References

 

Historical Records

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