ADC Antibody is a biological preparation that conjugates antibodies with drugs through stable linker molecules. ADCs utilize specific antibodies to recognize and target cell surface antigens, primarily locating on the surface of cells recognized by the antibodies. Structurally, they consist of three parts: antibodies targeting specific antigens, anticancer drugs, and linkers connecting the two. The biological responses mediated by ADCs mainly involve cell-specific recognition mediated by antibodies, delivering drugs directly to target cells, thereby inducing cell death, commonly used in cancer therapy. Due to their targeting specificity, ADCs exhibit specificity in different types of tumors. Genetic mutations have a minor impact, but the design optimization of antibodies, linkers, and drugs is crucial for enhancing efficacy and reducing side effects.