Home Chemistry Heterocyclic Building Blocks Pyrrolines 1-Phenyl-1H-Pyrrole-2,5-Dione
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions: Phthalimide can be a good leaving group. It can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with various nucleophiles. For example, when treated with primary amines or hydrazine, it forms substituted phthalimides.
Hydrolysis: Phthalimide can be hydrolyzed under basic conditions to yield phthalic acid and ammonia. This reaction involves breaking the imide ring.
Reduction: Phthalimide can be reduced to the corresponding primary amine by using reducing agents such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) or sodium borohydride (NaBH4).
Cyclization Reactions: Phthalimide can be used as a starting material in various cyclization reactions to form compounds with different ring structures.
Aromatic Substitution: The phenyl group can undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. For example, it can be nitrated or halogenated under appropriate conditions.
Acylation: Phthalimide can be acylated to introduce various substituents on the nitrogen atom.
Alkylation: In the presence of strong bases, the nitrogen atom in phthalimide can be alkylated to introduce alkyl groups.
Michael Addition: Phthalimide can participate in Michael addition reactions, typically as a nucleophile.
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2-[4-(2,5-Dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]acetic acid
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1-(2,6-Diethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione
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