Abstract: The transition away from fossil-fuel-based electricity production is critical for cutting the emissions of climate change causing carbon dioxide emissions. Renewable energy sources, including solar and wind energy, are now cost-competitive with fossil fuels. This has generated serious interest in energy storage technologies to help manage the intermittency of these energy sources. Redox flow batteries provide a promising technology for providing grid-scale energy storage. Chapter 1 describes the current state of renewable energy and energy storage in electricity generation. The design and current state of redox flow batteries are discussed. Chapter 2 details the synthesis and characterization of a new anthraquinone, 2,6- D2PEAQ. A novel method of installing branched side chains to improve the aqueous solubility of anthraquinones is presented. Cell studies demonstrating a daily capacity fade of
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With sodium tetrahydroborate; sodium carbonate; In isopropyl alcohol; for 0.333333h;Heating;
NaBH4 (3.8 g, 100 mmol) was dissolved in 1M Na2CO3 (150 mL) in a large beaker (2 L), isopropanol (25 mL) was added and the resulting solution was heated to boiling point. Then solution of hydroxyanthraquinone 6 (2.5 g, 10 mmol) in 1M Na2CO3 (50 mL) was added portionwise with vigorous stirring and breaking the foam with a glass rod. The reaction mixture was heated at boiling point for 20 min, cooled to rt and acidified with 3M HCl. The product was filtered and washed thoroughly with water and finally dried in evacuated dessicator over KOH for 2 days to afford the product (2 g, 93%) in the form of yellow solid. The product was pure enough for the next step, no purification was needed.
With N-Bromosuccinimide; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃; for 4h;
<strong>[605-32-3]2-hydroxy anthraquinone</strong> (10 g, 44.63 mmol) with dimethylformamide (100 mL)Dissolved in NBS (8.34 g, 46.85 mmol)Was dissolved in dimethylformamide (100 ml), and then laminated at room temperature.Stir for 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solid produced during the reaction is filtered, washed with distilled water, and dried to obtain compound B-1. (9.62 g, 68%).
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