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CAS No. : | 13515-97-4 | MDL No. : | MFCD00035523 |
Formula : | C4H10ClNO2 | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | IYUKFAFDFHZKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 139.58 | Pubchem ID : | 2756298 |
Synonyms : |
|
Num. heavy atoms : | 8 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms : | 0 |
Fraction Csp3 : | 0.75 |
Num. rotatable bonds : | 2 |
Num. H-bond acceptors : | 3.0 |
Num. H-bond donors : | 1.0 |
Molar Refractivity : | 32.3 |
TPSA : | 52.32 Ų |
GI absorption : | High |
BBB permeant : | No |
P-gp substrate : | No |
CYP1A2 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2C19 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2C9 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor : | No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor : | No |
Log Kp (skin permeation) : | -6.86 cm/s |
Log Po/w (iLOGP) : | 0.0 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) : | 0.41 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP) : | 0.31 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP) : | 0.01 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) : | -0.58 |
Consensus Log Po/w : | 0.03 |
Lipinski : | 0.0 |
Ghose : | None |
Veber : | 0.0 |
Egan : | 0.0 |
Muegge : | 2.0 |
Bioavailability Score : | 0.55 |
Log S (ESOL) : | -0.83 |
Solubility : | 20.6 mg/ml ; 0.147 mol/l |
Class : | Very soluble |
Log S (Ali) : | -1.08 |
Solubility : | 11.7 mg/ml ; 0.0841 mol/l |
Class : | Very soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT) : | 0.04 |
Solubility : | 153.0 mg/ml ; 1.1 mol/l |
Class : | Soluble |
PAINS : | 0.0 alert |
Brenk : | 0.0 alert |
Leadlikeness : | 1.0 |
Synthetic accessibility : | 1.3 |
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | N/A |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | N/A |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | N/A |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With thionyl chloride; at 0 - 50℃; for 14.5h; | General procedure: Drop-wise SOCl2 (1.6 mL, 22 mmol) wasadded to a cooled (0 C) suspension of L-phenylalanine (3.3 g, 20 mmol) in dryMeOH (30 mL) about 30 min. The clear solution was stirred in an ice-bath for30 min. Then the mixture was still stirred for 12 h at room temperature andsubsequently heated to 50 C and reacted for 2 h, and the solvent wasevaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was dried in vacuum to give 1as a white solid.25 This material was pure enough to be used in the next stepwithout further purification. To a cooled suspension of 1 (2.157 g, 10 mmol)and triethylamine (1.5 mL, 11 mmol) in dry toluene (20 mL) at 0 C was addeddrop-wise a solution of triphosgene (1.48 g, 5 mmol) in 10 mL of dry tolueneover 30 min. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 C for 15 min and thenrefluxed for 3 h. Upon cooling to room temperature, vacuum filtered, thesolvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give the product 2 ascolorless oil. This material was also used in the next step without furtherpurification, assuming a quantitative yield. To a solution of 2-aminopyridine(0.94 g, 10 mmol) in dry CH2Cl2 (10 mL) at room temperature was added dropwisea solution of 2 in 10 mL of dry CH2Cl2. The mixture was stirred for 12 h atroom temperature and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure togive brown oil, which was subsequently diluted with 1% acetic acid solution(20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 15 mL). The organic fractionswere washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and brine, dried over Na2SO4,filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product waswashed thoroughly with hexane, dried in vacuum and recrystallized fromethanol which afforded a white crystalline product of 3a. | |
With bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate; triethylamine; In chloroform; at -10 - 55℃; | In a stirrer, thermometer, constant pressure drip funnel, in a 500ml three-necked bottle with a condenser tube and an exhaust gas absorption device, 15g (0.17mol) of alanine, 17.04g (0.17mol) of triethylamine, 50 ml of chloroform was stirred at -10 C to 0 C; 16.66 g (0.056 mol) of triphosgene was dissolved in 50 ml of chloroform and transferred to a constant pressure dropping funnel. Slowly drip into the three-necked bottle at a speed of 1ml/min, and then increase the temperature to 55 C after the dropwise addition; After the system was clarified, 55 ml of methanol was added and stirring was continued for 1 h; The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and transferred to a constant pressure dropping funnel. Add 59.65 g (0.51 mol) of dimethyl oxalate and 17.89 g (0.18 mol) of triethylamine to the original three-necked bottle, the above reaction solution was slowly added dropwise at a rate of 1 ml / min at 50 C; After the dropwise addition, the temperature was maintained for 0.5h, and the temperature was raised to 60 C. Continue stirring for 2 hours to end the reaction; remove excess solvent from the reaction solution by distillation, adjust the pH to 7 with 0.5% sodium hydroxide solution; 80 ml of ethyl acetate were extracted three times, and the organic phases were combined. Dry over anhydrous sodium sulfate; remove the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure and recover dimethyl oxalate, that is, 30.51 g of N-methoxyoxalyl alanine methyl ester is obtained, the gas phase content was 97.0%, and the yield was 93.0%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
33% | In water for 6h; Heating; | |
In water | ||
0.13 g | In ethanol at 20℃; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With triethylamine; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 16h; | 5.18 g (25.30 mmol) 5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid are stirred in 20 ml of thionyl chloride for 1 h at 60 C. and then the mixture is concentrated by evaporation i.vac.3.52 g (25.26 mmol) DL-OMe-Ala-HCL are placed in 100 ml dichloromethane with 20 ml (142.25 mmol) TEA, then at 0 C. the acid chloride is added dropwise to 20 ml dichloromethane. At room temperature the mixture is stirred for 16 h and concentrated by evaporation i.vac. Then sodium hydrogen carbonate solution is added and the mixture is extracted 3× with ethyl acetate. The organic phase is washed 1× with 1 molar hydrochloric acid and 1× with sat. Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and dried with sodium sulphate. Then it is concentrated by evaporation i.vac. And purified by chromatography through silica gel (eluant: ethyl acetate/petroleum ether 1:3=>1:2).Yield: 6.0 g (82%)Rf value: 0.17 (silica gel; ethyl acetate/petroleum ether=30:70)C9H10BrNO3S (292.15)Mass spectrum: (M+H)+=290/292 (bromine isotopes) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
88% | With triethylamine In dichloromethane r.t., 30 min then reflux; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With ammonia In methanol Ambient temperature; | ||
With ammonia In methanol for 72h; Ambient temperature; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran; chloroform 1.) 3 h, - 70 degC, 2.) 30 min, room temp.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With ammonia; water; magnesium sulfate In dichloromethane for 3.5h; Ambient temperature; Yield given; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
100% | With sodium sulfate; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 16h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
61% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
55% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
77% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
66% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
88% | With triethylamine; In dichloromethane; at 0 - 20℃; | DL-Alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (13. 96 G ; 0. 1 mol) is dissolved in 800 ml of DICHLOROMETHANE and placed at 0C. Triethylamine (2. 3 eq. ; 230 mmol ; 32 ML) is added dropwise, along with portionwise addition of 2-nitrobenzene- sulfonyl chloride (1 eq. ; 100 mmol ; 22. 16 g), and the reaction medium is allowed to return to room temperature overnight. The reaction medium is washed with water and then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered through silica and evaporated to dry- ness to give 25. 3 g of solid corresponding to the title compound. Yield : 88 %. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
88% | With 4-methyl-morpholine; HATU; In DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide); at 20℃; | Step F (1): (S)-methyl 2-((S)-2-isobutylpent-4-enamido)propanoate. To a solution of the compound of step E (3) (200 mg, 1.28 mmol) and alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (215.0 mg, 1.54 mmol) in DMF (14.3 mL) was added HATU (732 mg, 1.54 mmol) and N-Methyl morpholine (589 muL, 5.36 mmol). The reaction was stirred at rt until LC showed conversion to product. DMF was removed in vacuo, the residue suspended in water, and the product extracted 3 times to ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was suspended in a minimal amount of methylene chloride and filtered through glass wool. The solution was loaded onto a silica gel column, and pure product was obtained following elution with a ethyl acetate/hexane gradient (271.6 mg, 88%). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) delta ppm 0.83-0.94 (m, 6H) 1.18-1.30 (m, 1H) 1.38 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 3H) 1.51-1.64 (m, 2H) 2.10-2.27 (m, 2H) 2.27-2.38 (m, 1H) 3.74 (s, 3H) 4.54-4.66 (m, 1H) 4.96-5.10 (m, 2H) 5.68-5.83 (m, 1H) 5.97 (d, J=6.41 Hz, 1H). HPLC retention time: 1.41 min (method A). MS (ESI) (M+H)+ 242. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | With 4-methyl-morpholine; HATU; In DMF (N,N-dimethyl-formamide); at 20℃; | Step H (1): (S)-methyl 2-((S)-2-allylhexanamido) propanoate. To a solution of the compound of step G (3) (1.00 g, 6.41 mmol) and alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.07 g, 7.69 mmol) in DMF (71.5 mL) was added HATU (3.66 g, 7.70 mmol) and N-Methyl morpholine (2.95 mL, 22.4 mmol). The reaction was stirred at rt until LC showed conversion to product (<45 min). DMF was removed in vacuo, the residue suspended in water, and the product extracted 3 times to ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was suspended in a minimal amount of methylene chloride and filtered through glass wool. The solution was loaded onto a silica gel column, and pure product was obtained following elution with a 0-30% ethyl acetate/hexane gradient (1.23 g, 80%). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) delta ppm 0.87 (t, J=7.02 Hz, 3H) 1.19-1.34 (m, 4H) 1.39 (d, J=7.32 Hz, 3H) 1.41-1.50 (m, 1H) 1.57-1.66 (m, 1H) 2.06-2.23 (m, 2H) 2.29-2.40 (m, 1H) 3.74 (s, 3H) 4.55-4.66 (m, 1H) 4.95-5.09 (m, 2H) 5.68-5.82 (m, 1H) 5.97 (d, J=6.71 Hz, 1H). HPLC retention time: 1.35 min (method C). MS (ESI) (M+H)+ 242. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
10.32 parts (50.5%) | With pyridine; In ethanol; | a) A mixture of 17.7 parts of 6-methyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione, 15.0 parts of methyl 2-aminopropanoate monohydrochloride and 62.7 parts of pyridine was refluxed for 6 hours under argon. The reaction mixture was cooled at -10 C. for 1 hour. The precipitate was filtered off, rinsed with water, triturated in ethanol and rinsed with ethanol and 1,1'-oxybisethane, yielding 10.32 parts (50.5%) of 3,4-dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione (interm. 43). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
68% | With sodium hydrogencarbonate; In dichloromethane; water; at 0℃; for 0.5h; | Synthesis 49; (R)-2-(8-Carbamoyl-4-oxo-imidazo[5,1-d][1,2,3l5]tetrazin-3-yl)-propionic acid methyl ester (LL-007); Triphosgene (701 mg, 2.36 mmol) was added to a mixture of L-alanine methyl ester.HCI in CH2CI2:saturated NaHCO3 (25 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 00C for 30 minutes before removing the organic phase and extracting further with CH2CI2 (2 x 1 reaction volume). The combined organic extracts were dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give a thin oil which was further distilled under reduced pressure (bp 13O0C at 15 mm Hg) to give 642 mg of a clear liquid (68% yield) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With palladium diacetate; triethylamine; triphenylphosphine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 50℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 24h; | General procedure: In a typical experiment Pd(OAc)2 (5.6 mg, 0.025 mmol), PPh3 (13.1 mg, 0.05 mmol), 2-iodobenzyl bromide (297 mg,1 mmol), 6 mmol of tert-butylamine (0.63 mL, 6 mmol or 2.2 mmol of amino acid methylester hydrochloride) and 0.5 mL triethylamine were dissolved in DMF (10 mL) under argon in a 100 mL three-necked flask equipped with a gas inlet, reflux condenser with a balloon at the top. The atmosphere was changed to carbon monoxide. The reaction was conducted for the given reaction time upon stirring at 50 C and analysed by GC-MS. The mixture was then concentrated and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in chloroform (20 mL) and washed with water (20 mL). The organic phase was thoroughly washed twice with 5% HCl (20 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (20 mL), brine (20 mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to powder-like crystalline material in case of 2a-c or to a waxy residue in case of 2d,e. All compounds were subjected to column chromatography under the conditions indicated in Section 4.5. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
76% | To a solution of dithiosalicylic acid (1.53 g; 5 mmol) in 10 mL THF and 6 mL DMF was added dropwise a suspension of carbonyl diimidazole (1.70 g; 10 mmol) in 10 mL THF. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min and refluxed for 20 min. After the reaction was cooled to room temperature, (dl) alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.40 g; 10 mmol) and triethylamine (1.5 mL; 12 mmol) were added. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 days. The solvent was removed and the residue was taken up in ethyl acetate (50 mL) and water (20 mL). The layers were separated and the organic layer was washed with 5% HCl (3 × 30 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (3 × 30 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The drying agent was filtered off and the solvent evaporated, leaving an intermediate (1.8 g; 76% yield) which was used directly in the next step. To a chilled solution of this intermediate (1.8 g; 3.78 mmol) in 25 mL methylene chloride was added bromine (0.60 g; 3.78 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min and then treated with triethylamine (0.77 g; 7.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and then refluxed for 30 min. The solution was cooled to room temperature and washed with brine (2 × 15 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated under vacuum, leaving compound 1 as a yellow oil (1.8 g; 100% yield). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | General procedure: To a solution of N-chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (11.32 g; 80 mmol) in dry methylene chloride (120 mL) cooled in an ice bath was added dropwise a solution of t-butyl alcohol (5.93 g; 80 mmol) in dry methylene chloride (120 mL). The resulting mixture was added dropwise to a mixture of glycine methyl ester hydrochloride (10.05 g; 80 mmol) and triethylamine (16.16 g; 160 mmol) in dry methylene chloride (120 mL) kept at 0 C. The ice bath was removed and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight. The resulting solution was washed sequentially with 5% aqueous HCl (3 × 100 mL) and brine (100 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was removed on the rotary evaporator, leaving compound 1a as a white solid (14.56 g; 68% yield), mp 98-100 C. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
59% | With silver(I) acetate; triethylamine; In toluene; at 25℃; for 24h;Darkness;Catalytic behavior; | General procedure: Ethyl glyoxylate (100 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in toluene) or 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde (75 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in water), or phenylglyoxal monohydrate (58 muL, 0.5 mmol); diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride or the amino acid ethyl ester hydrochloride (0.5 mmol), the corresponding dipolarophile (0.5 mmol), AgOAc (4.1 mg, 0.025 mmol) and triethylamine (90 muL, 0.55 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (4 mL). The reaction vessel was covered with an aluminium foil in order to prevent the light exposure. Once the reaction was judged complete after a TLC test the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine and dried over MgSO4. After evaporation the residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel) to afford the corresponding product. The reaction involving ethyl glyoxylate and 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde were scaled up 10 times to afford endo-cis-3a and endo-cis-5a in 80% and 75%, respectively. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
55% | With silver(I) acetate; triethylamine; In toluene; at 25℃; for 24h;Darkness;Catalytic behavior; | General procedure: Ethyl glyoxylate (100 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in toluene) or 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde (75 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in water), or phenylglyoxal monohydrate (58 muL, 0.5 mmol); diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride or the amino acid ethyl ester hydrochloride (0.5 mmol), the corresponding dipolarophile (0.5 mmol), AgOAc (4.1 mg, 0.025 mmol) and triethylamine (90 muL, 0.55 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (4 mL). The reaction vessel was covered with an aluminium foil in order to prevent the light exposure. Once the reaction was judged complete after a TLC test the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine and dried over MgSO4. After evaporation the residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel) to afford the corresponding product. The reaction involving ethyl glyoxylate and 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde were scaled up 10 times to afford endo-cis-3a and endo-cis-5a in 80% and 75%, respectively. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
65% | With silver(I) acetate; triethylamine; In toluene; at 25℃; for 24h;Darkness;Catalytic behavior; | General procedure: Ethyl glyoxylate (100 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in toluene) or 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde (75 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in water), or phenylglyoxal monohydrate (58 muL, 0.5 mmol); diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride or the amino acid ethyl ester hydrochloride (0.5 mmol), the corresponding dipolarophile (0.5 mmol), AgOAc (4.1 mg, 0.025 mmol) and triethylamine (90 muL, 0.55 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (4 mL). The reaction vessel was covered with an aluminium foil in order to prevent the light exposure. Once the reaction was judged complete after a TLC test the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine and dried over MgSO4. After evaporation the residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel) to afford the corresponding product. The reaction involving ethyl glyoxylate and 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde were scaled up 10 times to afford endo-cis-3a and endo-cis-5a in 80% and 75%, respectively. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
72% | A suspension of DL-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (41 .8 g, 300 mmol) in dry dichloromethane (650 mL) was treated with potassium acetate (30.0 g, 306 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred for ten minutes at rt. Reaction flask was then cooled to 10C and treated with 3-methylbutanal (25.8 g, 300 mmol). This was followed by the addition of sodium triacetoxyborohydride (82.5 g, 390 mmol) in portions over a period of ten minutes. Reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. Then saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the reaction and the resulting mixture was stirred for another 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was then further basified with aqueous sodium carbonate to pH=~10. Dichloromethane layer was separated and the aqueous layer extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 100 mL). Organic layers were combined, washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and evaporated to give titled product as a colorless oil (yield: 72%). 1HNMR (300MHz, CDCI3): delta 0.92-0.98 (m, 6H), 1.28-1.41 (m, 5H), 2.48-2.68 (m, 3H), 3.30-3.40 (m, 1 H), 3.74 (s, 3H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
92% | With palladium diacetate; triethylamine; triphenylphosphine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 50℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 24h;Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | General procedure: In a typical experiment Pd(OAc)2, triphenylphosphine, 1-iodo-3,4-dihydronaphthalene, amine nucleophile and triethylamine were dissolved in DMF (for the quantity of the reagents See Section4.3) under argon in a 100 mL three-necked flask equipped witha gas inlet, reflux condenser with a balloon (filled with argon) at the top. The atmosphere was changed to carbon monoxide. The reaction was conducted for the given reaction time upon stirring at 50 C and analyzed by GC-MS (internal standard: naphthalene). The mixture was then concentrated and evaporated to dryness and worked-up as described in Section 4.3. 4.6.6 ;1-(N-(1-(Methoxycarbonyl)-ethyl)carboxamido)-3,4-dihydronaphthalene (4e) ;Yield: 238 mg (92 %); yellow solid, mp 89-90 C; [found: C, 69.41; H, 6.69; N, 5.19; C15H17NO3 requires C, 69.48; H, 6.61; N, 5.40 %]; Rf (5 % EtOAc/CHCl3) 0.63; deltaH (400 MHz, CDCl3) 7.45 (1H, d, 6.8 Hz, Ar-H); 7.18 (3H, m, Ar-H); 6.55 (1H, t, 4.7 Hz, =CH); 6.5 (1H, br s, NH); 4.72 (1H, quint, 7.3 Hz, CHCH3); 3.75 (3H, s, OCH3); 2.75 (2H, t, 7.7 Hz, CH2); 2.3 (2H, m, =CHCH2); 2.05 (3H, d, 7.3 Hz, CHCH3). ;deltaC (100.6 MHz, CDCl3) 173.5; 168.2; 136.1; 135.8; 131.9; 131.1; 127.8; 127.8, 126.7; 125.1; 52.4; 48.1; 27.5; 23.0; 18.3. IR (KBr nu (cm-1)) 3292 (NH); 1743 (COO); 1647 (CON). MS (m/z/rel.int.): 259 (28, M+), 128 (55), 157 (100), 200 (14). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | With dmap; triphenylphosphine; iodosodilactone; In chloroform; at 60℃; for 6h; | A mixture of iodinane 6 (365 mg,1.2 mmol) and DMAP(147 mg, 1.2 mmol) in CHCl3 (10 mL) in a 25 mLrounded bottom flask. Then, N-carbobenzyloxy-L-leucine (265 mg, 1.0 mmol), alanine methyl ester hydrochloride(126 mg, 1.0 mmol) and PPh3 (262 mg, 1.0 mmol) was added in sequence. The reaction mixturewas stirred under 60 oC in air and monitored by TLC. After 24 h, thereaction was quenched withsaturated sodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL), thenextracted with CH2Cl2 (30 mL) and EtOAc |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With potassium carbonate; In water; toluene; at 10 - 12℃;Heating; | General procedure: A mixture of 0.01 mole of appropriate aminoalkanols or alanine methyl ester hydrochloride with 0.025 mole K2CO3 in 15 cm3 of water and 15 cm3 of toluene was cooled to 10-12 C. After cooling a solution of 0.011 mole (4-chlor-2-methylphenoxy)acetyl chloride in 30 cm3 of dry toluene was added in vigorous stirring at 10-12 C for 0.5 h. Then the reaction mixture was heated and then left to cool down. The precipitated amides deposit was filtered off, stirred with a 10% solution of NaHCO3, and after drying 7-10 and 13 were recrystallized from a mixture of toluene-hexane (1:1). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | With triethylamine; In dichloromethane; at 20℃;Reflux; | General procedure: To a mixture of isocyanate 1b or 3b (0.20 mmol) and appropriate amino acid methyl ester hydrochloride (0.20mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was added triethylamine (0.1 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and stirring with refluxing was continued for additional 4-6 h. The solution was extracted with 1 N HCl followed by washing with saturated NaHCO3 solution. The organic solution was dried over MgSO4 and evaporated to give product 2d or 3d. D-Ala-2d. Yield 87%; m.p. 185-1898C; 1H NMR d 1.10(d, J 5 7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.2621.48 (m, 3H), 1.77-1.88 (m, 3H),2.09-2.14 (m, 1H), 2.45 (ddd, J 5 3.8, 6.7, 12.2 Hz, 1H),3.62 (s, 3H), 3.89 (dt, J 5 4.4, 12.3 Hz, 1H), 4.11-4.21 (m,2H), 4.26 (d, J 5 8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (d, J 5 7.1 Hz, 1H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
71% | With triethylamine; In dichloromethane; at 20℃;Reflux; | General procedure: To a mixture of isocyanate 1b or 3b (0.20 mmol) and appropriate amino acid methyl ester hydrochloride (0.20mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) was added triethylamine (0.1 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and stirring with refluxing was continued for additional 4-6 h. The solution was extracted with 1 N HCl followed by washing with saturated NaHCO3 solution. The organic solution was dried over MgSO4 and evaporated to give product 2d or 3d. D-Ala-2d. Yield 87%; m.p. 185-1898C; 1H NMR d 1.10(d, J 5 7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.2621.48 (m, 3H), 1.77-1.88 (m, 3H),2.09-2.14 (m, 1H), 2.45 (ddd, J 5 3.8, 6.7, 12.2 Hz, 1H),3.62 (s, 3H), 3.89 (dt, J 5 4.4, 12.3 Hz, 1H), 4.11-4.21 (m,2H), 4.26 (d, J 5 8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (d, J 5 7.1 Hz, 1H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
87% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
96% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
66% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
93% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
51% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
72% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
87% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
77% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
88% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | General procedure: To the suspension of amino acid esterhydrochloride (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol) and MgSO4 (1.25 equiv., 12.5 mmol) in DCM (15 mL)was added Et3N (1.2 equiv., 12 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for1h. Then the corresponding aldehyde (1 equiv., 10 mmol) was added and the mixture wasallowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The precipitate was removed by filtration and the filtrate was washed with water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted two timeswith DCM (10 mL) and the combined organic layer was washed once with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Solids were purified by crystallisation from ethyl acetate/ n-pentane. Oils were used for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
43% | With palladium diacetate; triethylamine; triphenylphosphine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 50℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 25h; | General procedure: In a typical experiment, 5.6 mg Pd(OAc)2 (0.025 mmol),13.2 mg triphenylphosphine (0.05 mmol), 294 mg 6-(1-iodovinyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane (4, 1 mmol), amine nucleophile (3 mmol of 5a/1.5 mmol of 5b or 5c/1.1 mmolof 5d-5g) and 0.5 cm3 triethylamine were dissolved in10 cm3 DMF under argon in a 100 cm3 three-necked flask equipped with a gas inlet, reflux condenser with a balloon(filled with argon) at the top. The atmosphere was changed to carbon monoxide. The reaction was conducted for the given reaction time upon stirring at 50 C and analysed by GC-MS. The mixture was then concentrated and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 20 cm3 chloroform and washed with water (3 9 20 cm3). The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to give a crystalline material or a waxy residue. All compounds were subjected to column chromatography(silicagel 60 (Merck), 0.063-0.200 mm), EtOAc/CHCl3(solvent ratios are specified, vide infra). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
89% | With silver(I) acetate; triethylamine; In water; toluene; at 25℃; for 24h;Darkness;Catalytic behavior; | General procedure: Ethyl glyoxylate (100 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in toluene) or 2,2-<strong>[51673-84-8]dimethoxyacetaldehyde</strong> (75 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in water), or phenylglyoxal monohydrate (58 muL, 0.5 mmol); diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride or the amino acid ethyl ester hydrochloride (0.5 mmol), the corresponding dipolarophile (0.5 mmol), AgOAc (4.1 mg, 0.025 mmol) and triethylamine (90 muL, 0.55 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (4 mL). The reaction vessel was covered with an aluminium foil in order to prevent the light exposure. Once the reaction was judged complete after a TLC test the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine and dried over MgSO4. After evaporation the residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel) to afford the corresponding product. The reaction involving ethyl glyoxylate and 2,2-<strong>[51673-84-8]dimethoxyacetaldehyde</strong> were scaled up 10 times to afford endo-cis-3a and endo-cis-5a in 80% and 75%, respectively. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
64% | With silver(I) acetate; triethylamine; In toluene; at 25℃; for 24h;Darkness;Catalytic behavior; | General procedure: Ethyl glyoxylate (100 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in toluene) or 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde (75 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in water), or phenylglyoxal monohydrate (58 muL, 0.5 mmol); diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride or the amino acid ethyl ester hydrochloride (0.5 mmol), the corresponding dipolarophile (0.5 mmol), AgOAc (4.1 mg, 0.025 mmol) and triethylamine (90 muL, 0.55 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (4 mL). The reaction vessel was covered with an aluminium foil in order to prevent the light exposure. Once the reaction was judged complete after a TLC test the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine and dried over MgSO4. After evaporation the residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel) to afford the corresponding product. The reaction involving ethyl glyoxylate and 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde were scaled up 10 times to afford endo-cis-3a and endo-cis-5a in 80% and 75%, respectively. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | With silver(I) acetate; triethylamine; In water; toluene; at 25℃; for 24h;Darkness;Catalytic behavior; | General procedure: Ethyl glyoxylate (100 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in toluene) or 2,2-<strong>[51673-84-8]dimethoxyacetaldehyde</strong> (75 muL, 0.5 mmol, 50% in water), or phenylglyoxal monohydrate (58 muL, 0.5 mmol); diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride or the amino acid ethyl ester hydrochloride (0.5 mmol), the corresponding dipolarophile (0.5 mmol), AgOAc (4.1 mg, 0.025 mmol) and triethylamine (90 muL, 0.55 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (4 mL). The reaction vessel was covered with an aluminium foil in order to prevent the light exposure. Once the reaction was judged complete after a TLC test the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine and dried over MgSO4. After evaporation the residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel) to afford the corresponding product. The reaction involving ethyl glyoxylate and 2,2-<strong>[51673-84-8]dimethoxyacetaldehyde</strong> were scaled up 10 times to afford endo-cis-3a and endo-cis-5a in 80% and 75%, respectively. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 20 - 80℃; for 2.16667h; | Example 2 Preparation of 2-[(pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-propionic acid methyl ester (+-)-Alanine methyl ester hydrochloride salt (35.2 g, 280 mmol) and Et3N (58.5 mL, 420 mmol) were sequentially added to a stirred solution of nicotinoyl chloride (19.8 g, 140 mmol) in acetonitrile (800 mL) and stirred at ambient temperature for 10 min and then 80 C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was poured into a separatory funnel containing brine and ethyl acetate. The biphasic mixture was separated, and the organic layer was washed one time with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was triturated in 80% ethyl acetate/hexanes overnight at ambient temperature. The solids were removed by filtration over Celite and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product as a clear brown oil (20 g, 69%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) delta 9.04 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.75 (dd, J = 4.9, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 8.13 (dt, J = 7.7, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (dd, J = 8.0, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (br s, 1H), 4.82 (m, 1H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 1.55 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H); ESIMS m/z 209 (M+1), m/z 207 (M-1). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
56% | With benzotriazol-1-ol; triethylamine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide; In acetonitrile; at 0 - 20℃; for 24h; | General procedure: 2-(4-Phenyl-1,2-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-ylsulfanyl)acetic acid (8) (0.340 g, 1.0 mmol), N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (0.207 g, 1.0 mmol), and N-hydroxybenzotriazole (0.135 g, 1.0 mmol) were successively added to a cold solution (-5C) of the appropriate amino acid methyl ester hydrochloride (1.0 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 ml) containing triethylamine (0.14 ml, 1.0 mmol).The reaction mixture was stirred at 0C for 1 h, then at 5C for 1 h, then at room temperature for 8 h. The reaction mixture was set aside overnight. The precipitated N,N'-dicyclohexylurea was filtered off and the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, filtered, and the filtrate was washed with 0.5 N HCl (30 ml), 3% NaHCO3 (30 ml), H2O (30 ml) and finally dried over Na2SO4 (10 g). After evaporation of the solvent, the remaining oily residue was triturated with petroleum ether (bp 40-60C) at 0C, and the formed solid was filtered off and crystallized from petroleum ether-ethylacetate, 1:3. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
48% | With triethylamine; In ethyl acetate; at 25℃; for 48h;Cooling; | General procedure: A solution of NaNO2 (0.340 g, 5.0 mmol) in cold water (3 ml) was added to a cold solution (-5C) of hydrazide 5 (0.300 g, 1.0 mmol) in a mixture of AcOH (6 ml), 1 N HCl (3 ml), and water (25ml). After stirring at -5 C for 15 min, a thick precipitate started to form. The reaction mixture was stirred for further 1 h and extracted by cold ethyl acetate (30 ml). The organic layer was washed with 3% NaHCO3 (30 ml), H2O (30 ml) and finally dried over Na2SO4 (10 g) to give an ethyl acetate solution of the azide 10. A solution of the appropriate amino acid ester hydrochloride (1.0 mmol) or morpholine (0.174 g, 2.0 mmol) in ethyl acetate (20 ml), containing, in the case of amino acid ester hydrochlorides, triethylamine (0.2 ml), was added to the azide 10 solution. The mixture was kept at -5C for 24 h, then at 25C for another 24 h. The reaction mixture was washed with 0.5 N HCl, water, 3% solution of NaHCO3 and finally dried over Na2SO4. The solution was evaporated to dryness and the residue was recrystallized from petroleum ether-ethyl acetate, 3:1, to give the desired N-coupled product 11a-f, 12, or 13. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
75% | With potassium formate; sodium nitrite In toluene at 80℃; for 24h; Schlenk technique; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
56% | With palladium diacetate; triethylamine; triphenylphosphine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 50℃; under 30003.0 Torr; for 96h;Inert atmosphere; Autoclave; | General procedure: In a typical experiment Pd(OAc)2 (5.6 mg, 0.025 mmol), triphenylphosphine (13.2 mg, 0.05 mmol), <strong>[88511-27-7]4-amino-3-iodopyridine</strong>(1) (220 mg, 1.00 mmol), tert-butylamine (0.315 mL, 3.00 mmol)(or the given amount of primary or secondary amine (Table 1)) and triethylamine (0.5 mL) were dissolved in DMF (10 mL) under argon in a 100 mL autoclave. The atmosphere was changed to carbonmonoxide and pressurized to 40 bar. The reaction was conducted for the given reaction time upon stirring at 50C and analysed by TLC. The autoclave was vented, the reaction mixture was concen-trated and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in chloroform (20 mL) and washed with water (320 mL). The organic phase was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated to a solid material. All compounds were subjected to column chromatography ((Silicagel 60 (Merck), 0.063 e 0.200 mm); MeOH/CHCl3 orMeOH/EtOAc/CHCl3 (the exact ratios are specied in Characterization (4.4.) for each compound)). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
68% | With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; N-[(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl-methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 16h; | General procedure: To a stirred solution of acid compounds 3a-3b (1.0 equiv) and their corresponding glycine methyl ester hydrochloride or d,l-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.2 equiv) in dichloromethane (20vol) was added HATU (1.5 equiv), DIPEA (3.0 equiv) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16h. On completion of the reaction as monitored by TLC, the reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with 10% methanol in dichloromethane. The combined organic extracts was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude product was triturated with diethyl ether and filtered to afford the desired products. 4.2.6 Methyl-2-(2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-purin-7(6H)-yl)propanamido) propanoate (4b) Compound 3b (2 g, 7.933 mmol) and d,l-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (1.32 g, 9.520 mmol), HATU (4.52 g, 11.90 mmol) and DIPEA (4.1 mL, 23.80 mmol) in dichloromethane (40 mL) gave 1.82 g (68%) of 4b as a white solid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): delta 8.75 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.25-8.19 (m, 1H), 5.62-5.57 (m, 1H), 4.29-4.23 (m, 1H), 3.61 (d, J = 12.8 Hz, 3H), 3.43 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 3H), 3.21 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H), 1.72-1.67 (m, 3H), 1.29 (dd, J = 1.2 Hz, 7.2 Hz, 3H); m/z (ES)+: 338.4 [M+H]+. |
68% | With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; N-[(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl-methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 16h; | General procedure: To a stirred solution of acid compounds 3a-b (1.0 equiv) and their corresponding glycine methyl ester hydrochloride (a), d,l-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (b), l-valanine ethyl ester hydrochloride (c) and l-phenyl alanine benzyl ester hydrochlorid (d) (1.1 to 1.2 equiv) in dichloromethane was added HATU (1.2 to 1.5 equiv), DIPEA (3.0 equiv) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16h. On completion of the reaction as monitored by TLC, the reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic extracts was washed with aq. NaHCO3 solution and aq. KHSO4 solution, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the desired products (16a-e) as off-white solids. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
83% | With 4-methyl-morpholine; O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 22h; | 43 mg (0.31 mmol) of methyl alaninate hydrochloride (racemate), 98.6 mg (0.31 mmol) of TBTU and 169 mul (1.54 mmol) of N-methylmorpholine were added to 150 mg (0.31 mmol) of 3-[2-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-2,4-dioxo-1-[4-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)phenyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid (Example 25A) in 3.75 ml of dichloromethane, and the mixture was stirred at RT for 22 h. The mixture was concentrated to dryness on a rotary evaporator and the residue was taken up in 1 ml of DMF and 5 ml of acetonitrile. The suspension formed was diluted with 50 ml of water and stirred for 5 min. The solid was filtered off, washed with water and dried under high vacuum. This gave 154 mg (83% of theory) of the title compound. LC/MS (Method 1): Rt=1.09 min; m/z=574 (M+H)+ 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): delta [ppm]=1.38 (d, 3H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 3.43 (t, 2H), 3.65 (s, 3H), 3.85-3.92 (m, 2H), 4.52 (quin, 1H), 5.14 (s, 2H), 7.11 (s, 1H), 7.31-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.39-7.43 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.51 (m, 2H), 7.61 (d, 1H), 7.66-7.72 (m, 2H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 9.10 (d, 1H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
76% | With sodium acetate; In aq. acetate buffer; at 20 - 25℃; for 24h;pH 4.0; | General procedure: To a solution of the appropriate amino acid hydrochloride2a-f (2.0 mmol) and AcONa3H2O (2 mmol) in acetatebuffer (pH 4) (1.3 ml), ethyl acetoacetate 1a or 3-oxobutanamide 1b (1 mmol) and formaldehyde 32%aqueous solution (15 mmol) were added. The resultingmixture was stirred at room temperature (20-25 C). Thereaction was followed by TLC (hexane/ethyl acetate = 7:3)and stopped average after 24 h, once the starting materialswas consumed entirely. Then an aqueous saturated K2CO3solution was added till pH 7-8 and the resulting mixturewas extracted with CH2Cl2 (3 × 5 ml). The combinedorganic layers were dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated invacuo. The product was purified by column chromatographyon Silica gel 60 (hexane-ethyl acetate: 9:1?1:1). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
79% | With triethylamine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 0℃; for 2h; | After dissolving 0.4 g (2.06 mmol) of 4,6-dichloro-5-naphthyrimidine in 10 mL of anhydrous dimethylformamide (DMF), 0.575 mL (4.12 mmol) of triethylamine, Aminopropanoate hydrochloride (1.0 eq) was added and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. The reaction was quenched with water and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated. The resulting crude product was separated by column chromatography (SiO2, eluent: ethyl acetate: hexane = 1: 5 to 1: 6-chloro-5-nitrothiopyrimidin-4-ylamino) propanoate 283 mg (79% yield) was obtained as a pale yellow solid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
62% | With triethylamine; In ethyl acetate; at 20℃; | General procedure: To 1.0 mmol of imidoyl isothiocyanates 3a-d in ethyl acetate, 15 mL of 1.0 mmol of the amino acid ester hydrochloride and triethyl amine (20 muL, 2.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature. After complete consumption of the starting isothiocyanate [monitored by TLC; ethyl acetate:petroleum ether(3 : 1)], average time 2-5 min, the reaction mixture was washed with 1 M HCl and then water, and the ethyl acetate solution was dried over sodium sulfate. The ethyl acetate solution was evaporated to give the desired product and was purified by crystallization from the appropriate solvent. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
53% | With triethylamine; In ethyl acetate; at 20℃; | General procedure: To 1.0 mmol of imidoyl isothiocyanates 3a-d in ethyl acetate, 15 mL of 1.0 mmol of the amino acid ester hydrochloride and triethyl amine (20 muL, 2.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature. After complete consumption of the starting isothiocyanate [monitored by TLC; ethyl acetate:petroleum ether(3 : 1)], average time 2-5 min, the reaction mixture was washed with 1 M HCl and then water, and the ethyl acetate solution was dried over sodium sulfate. The ethyl acetate solution was evaporated to give the desired product and was purified by crystallization from the appropriate solvent. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With triethylamine; In ethyl acetate; at 20℃; | General procedure: To 1.0 mmol of imidoyl isothiocyanates 3a-d in ethyl acetate, 15 mL of 1.0 mmol of the amino acid ester hydrochloride and triethyl amine (20 muL, 2.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature. After complete consumption of the starting isothiocyanate [monitored by TLC; ethyl acetate:petroleum ether(3 : 1)], average time 2-5 min, the reaction mixture was washed with 1 M HCl and then water, and the ethyl acetate solution was dried over sodium sulfate. The ethyl acetate solution was evaporated to give the desired product and was purified by crystallization from the appropriate solvent. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
57% | With triethylamine; In ethyl acetate; at 20℃; | General procedure: To 1.0 mmol of imidoyl isothiocyanates 3a-d in ethyl acetate, 15 mL of 1.0 mmol of the amino acid ester hydrochloride and triethyl amine (20 muL, 2.0 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature. After complete consumption of the starting isothiocyanate [monitored by TLC; ethyl acetate:petroleum ether(3 : 1)], average time 2-5 min, the reaction mixture was washed with 1 M HCl and then water, and the ethyl acetate solution was dried over sodium sulfate. The ethyl acetate solution was evaporated to give the desired product and was purified by crystallization from the appropriate solvent. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
58% | With triethylamine; In chloroform; at 0 - 0.2℃; for 1.5h; | Triethylamine (16.72 g) was added to a suspension of DL-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (8.35 g) in chloroform (150 mL). The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 C, and oxalyl dichloride (2.6 mL) was added. Then the reaction mixture was warmed to ~20 C, stirred for 1.5 h, transferred into a separatory funnel, and washed with a 2% aqueous solution of NaHCO3 (75 mL). The aqueous solution was extracted with chloroform (450 mL). The extracts were combined and dried over MgSO4. The chloroform was removed under reduced pressure. Colorless crystalline compound 2 was obtained in a yield of 4.54 g (58%). M.p. 125-126 C. Found (%):C, 45,95; H, 6.02; N, 11.09. C10H16N2O6. Calculated (%):C, 46.15; H, 6.15; N, 10.76. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6), : 9.02 (d, 2 H,NH, J = 6.2 Hz); 4.38 (m, 2 H, CH); 3.64 (s, 6 H, OCH3); 1.35(d, 6 H, CH3, J = 7.3 Hz). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With triethylamine In acetonitrile at 125℃; for 0.416667h; Microwave irradiation; diastereoselective reaction; | General procedure for the one-pot synthesis of compounds 4: General procedure: To a solution of 2-azidebenzenaldehyde (0.1 mmol), maleimide (0.1 mmol) and amino acid ester (0.12 mmol) in MeCN (3 mL) was added Et3N (0.12 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated by microwave at 125 °C for 25 min. Upon the completion of the reaction monitored by LC-MS, CS2 (0.5 mmol), PPh3 (0.15 mmol), and K2CO3 (0.2 mmol) was added to the reaction system and heated under 90 °C for 6 hrs. Upon the completion of the reaction monitored by LC-MS, the reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by column chromatography to afford products 4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | Phosphorus oxychloride (0.50 mL, 5.5 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (60 ml), protected with nitrogen and cooled in ice bath.Compound 1 was added dropwise (1.28 g, 5.0 mmol)And triethylamine (0.85 mL, 6.0 mmol)a solution in dichloromethane (15 mL),The reaction was stirred for 2 hours and the reaction was monitored by sampling.The reaction solution was cooled again in an ice bath.Then add alanine methyl ester hydrochloride 3c (0.70 g,After stirring, a solution of triethylamine (1.70 mL, 12.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added.The reaction was stirred for 5 hours and the reaction was monitored by sampling.The reaction solution was cooled again in an ice bath, and Compound 2 (1.145 g, 5.0 mmol), N,N-dimethylA solution of the aminopyridine (122 mg, 1.0 mmol) and triethylamine (0.85 mL, 6.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was stirred for 10 hr. Dilute with water, dilute the reaction solution with dichloromethane.The organic phase is separated, washed with water and washed with saturated sodium chloride.Dry over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure.The residue was separated on a silica gel column (PE / EA = 1:1; dichloromethane / methanol = 20:1), the white solid product DCZ0805 (2.5 g,Yield 80%). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90.5% | The following reaction was carried out in a fume hood and the tail gas was absorbed using two 200 g of 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. To a 500 ml four-necked flask was added 200 g of methanol, 30.5 g (0.22 mol) of 2-aminopropionic acid methyl ester hydrochloride, 100 g of 27% sodium methoxide in methanol, stirred, kept between 30-35 C, and added dropwise. 28.2 g (0.2 mol) of 2-hydroxymethyl-3-cyano-4-hydroxy-n-butanal (III) was added dropwise, and the reaction was stirred at 50 C for 5 hours. Then add 80 g of 35% concentrated hydrochloric acid below 50 C (this process produces hydrogen cyanide gas, tail gas), reflux reaction for 2 hours, filter while hot, recover the solvent under reduced pressure, and add 40 g of ethanol, 0.2 g of activated carbon, decolorized at 70 C for 30 minutes, filtered, the filtrate was cooled and crystallized, suction filtered, and the filter cake was dried to obtain 37.2 g of vitamin B6 product, purity 99.7% (HPLC), yield 90.5%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
97% | With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; N-[(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl-methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 16h; | General procedure: To a stirred solution of acid compounds 3a-b (1.0 equiv) and their corresponding glycine methyl ester hydrochloride (a), d,l-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride (b), l-valanine ethyl ester hydrochloride (c) and l-phenyl alanine benzyl ester hydrochlorid (d) (1.1 to 1.2 equiv) in dichloromethane was added HATU (1.2 to 1.5 equiv), DIPEA (3.0 equiv) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16h. On completion of the reaction as monitored by TLC, the reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic extracts was washed with aq. NaHCO3 solution and aq. KHSO4 solution, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the desired products (16a-e) as off-white solids. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Stage #1: 2,4,6-triphenylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate; methyl 2-aminopropanoate monohydrochloride With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.333333h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With acetic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 5h; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
91% | With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 125℃; for 4h;Sealed tube; | General procedure: Maleimide 3 (1.5 mmol) and Et3N (152 mg, 1.5 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (1) (214 mg, 1 mmol) and 2-aminopropionic acid ester 2 (1 mmol) in MeCN (3 ml) in a tube at room temperature. Then the tube was sealed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 125C for 4 h. After the completion of the reaction (TLC control, EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3), the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (15 ml), washed with brine (15 ml) and H2O (2×15 ml), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3.5) to afford product 4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
93% | With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 125℃; for 4h;Sealed tube; | General procedure: Maleimide 3 (1.5 mmol) and Et3N (152 mg, 1.5 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (1) (214 mg, 1 mmol) and 2-aminopropionic acid ester 2 (1 mmol) in MeCN (3 ml) in a tube at room temperature. Then the tube was sealed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 125C for 4 h. After the completion of the reaction (TLC control, EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3), the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (15 ml), washed with brine (15 ml) and H2O (2×15 ml), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3.5) to afford product 4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 125℃; for 4h;Sealed tube; | General procedure: Maleimide 3 (1.5 mmol) and Et3N (152 mg, 1.5 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (1) (214 mg, 1 mmol) and 2-aminopropionic acid ester 2 (1 mmol) in MeCN (3 ml) in a tube at room temperature. Then the tube was sealed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 125C for 4 h. After the completion of the reaction (TLC control, EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3), the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (15 ml), washed with brine (15 ml) and H2O (2×15 ml), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3.5) to afford product 4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 125℃; for 4h;Sealed tube; | General procedure: Maleimide 3 (1.5 mmol) and Et3N (152 mg, 1.5 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (1) (214 mg, 1 mmol) and 2-aminopropionic acid ester 2 (1 mmol) in MeCN (3 ml) in a tube at room temperature. Then the tube was sealed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 125C for 4 h. After the completion of the reaction (TLC control, EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3), the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (15 ml), washed with brine (15 ml) and H2O (2×15 ml), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3.5) to afford product 4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 125℃; for 4h;Sealed tube; | General procedure: Maleimide 3 (1.5 mmol) and Et3N (152 mg, 1.5 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of ferrocenecarboxaldehyde (1) (214 mg, 1 mmol) and 2-aminopropionic acid ester 2 (1 mmol) in MeCN (3 ml) in a tube at room temperature. Then the tube was sealed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 125C for 4 h. After the completion of the reaction (TLC control, EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3), the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (15 ml), washed with brine (15 ml) and H2O (2×15 ml), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc - petroleum ether, 1:3.5) to afford product 4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
63% | With 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide; triethylamine; In ethyl acetate; at 0 - 20℃; for 4h; | To a stirred solution of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid (5.0 g, 30.30 mmol), methyl alaninate hydrochloride (4.63 g, 33.15 mmol) and TEA (10.5 ml_, 75.38 mmol) added T3P (50% in EtOAc, 28.7 ml_, 45.21 mmol) at 0 C and stirred at RT for 4 h. Completion of the reaction was monitored by TLC. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (100 ml_), extracted with EtOAc (3 x 50 ml_), and the combined organic layer was dried over Na2S04 and concentrated to give the tittle compound. Yield: 63% (4.7 g, pale brown gummy solid). LCMS: (Method A) 252.0 (M+H), Rt. 2.2 min, 90.7% (Max). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
86.8% | With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; HATU; In tetrahydrofuran; at 4 - 9℃; for 14h; | To a solution of compound 24-1 (2.0 g, 8.5 mmol, 1.0 eq) in THF (50 mL) were added compound 24-1A (2.37 g, 17 mmol, 2.0 eq), DIEA (5.49 g, 42.5 mmol, 5.0 eq), HATU (6.47 g, 17 mmol, 2.0 eq) at 4~9C. The mixture was stirred at 4~9C for 14 hours. LCMS showed the reaction was completed. The reaction was quenched by 50 mL of saturated aqueous NaHCC . The layers were separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (30 mL*3). The combined organic phase was washed with aqueous HCI (1M, 50 mL) and brine (50 mL). The organic phase was dried over Na2S04, filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH2Cl2/MeOH 50: 1 to 10: 1) to afford the title compound (2.2 g, 86.8% yield) as a light yellow solid. LC-MS: [M+Na]+ = 343.0. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
26% | With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 18h; | Intermediate 56: methyl 2-(4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-nitro-anilino)propanoate Intermediate 56: methyl 2-(4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-nitro-anilino)propanoate DIPEA (151 ml, 867.27 mmol) was added slowly to a stirred solution of 1-bromo-2,4-difluoro-3-nitrobenzene (intermediate 35) (68.8 g, 289.09 mmol) and methyl alaninate, HCl (40.4 g, 289.09 mmol) in DMF (300 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at rt for 18 hours (Complete conversion to desired product by LCMS). Reaction mixture was concentrated using rocket evaporation system, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed thoroughly with water, dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. 100 mL DCM was added to the above orange solid, the suspension was stirred at r.t for 30 min, and the solid was filtered to yield methyl 2-(4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-nitro-anilino)propanoate (24.00 g, 26%) (intermediate 56) as a bright orange solid. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DICHLOROMETHANE-d2) 1.52-1.62 (3H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 4.28 (1H, quin), 6.49 (1H, dd), 7.19-7.39 (1H, m), 7.54 (1H, dd); 19F NMR (471 MHz, DICHLOROMETHANE-d2) -109.49 (1F, s); m/z (ES+) [M+H]+=321, 323. |
26% | With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 18h; | Intermediate 56: methyl 2-(4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-nitro-anilino)propanoate Intermediate 56: methyl 2-(4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-nitro-anilino)propanoate DIPEA (151 ml, 867.27 mmol) was added slowly to a stirred solution of 1-bromo-2,4-difluoro-3-nitrobenzene (intermediate 35) (68.8 g, 289.09 mmol) and methyl alaninate, HCl (40.4 g, 289.09 mmol) in DMF (300 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at rt for 18 hours (Complete conversion to desired product by LCMS). Reaction mixture was concentrated using rocket evaporation system, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed thoroughly with water, dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. 100 mL DCM was added to the above orange solid, the suspension was stirred at r.t for 30 min, and the solid was filtered to yield methyl 2-(4-bromo-3-fluoro-2-nitro-anilino)propanoate (24.00 g, 26%) (intermediate 56) as a bright orange solid. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DICHLOROMETHANE-d2) 1.52-1.62 (3H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 4.28 (1H, quin), 6.49 (1H, dd), 7.19-7.39 (1H, m), 7.54 (1H, dd); 19F NMR (471 MHz, DICHLOROMETHANE-d2) -109.49 (1F, s); m/z (ES+) [M+H]+=321, 323. |
[ 617-27-6 ]
Ethyl 2-aminopropanoate hydrochloride
Similarity: 0.93
[ 6331-09-5 ]
D-Alanine ethyl ester hydrochloride
Similarity: 0.93
[ 1800300-79-1 ]
(R)-Methyl 2-amino-3-methoxypropanoate hydrochloride
Similarity: 0.93
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H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects |
H350 | May cause cancer |
H351 | Suspected of causing cancer |
H360 | May damage fertility or the unborn child |
H361 | Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child |
H361d | Suspected of damaging the unborn child |
H362 | May cause harm to breast-fed children |
H370 | Causes damage to organs |
H371 | May cause damage to organs |
H372 | Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
H373 | May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
Environmental hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life |
H401 | Toxic to aquatic life |
H402 | Harmful to aquatic life |
H410 | Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H413 | May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life |
H420 | Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere |
Sorry,this product has been discontinued.
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