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CAS No. : | 1077-16-3 | MDL No. : | MFCD00009526 |
Formula : | C12H18 | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | LTEQMZWBSYACLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 162.27 | Pubchem ID : | 14109 |
Synonyms : |
|
Signal Word: | Danger | Class: | 9 |
Precautionary Statements: | P501-P273-P260-P270-P264-P280-P391-P314-P337+P313-P305+P351+P338-P301+P312+P330 | UN#: | 3082 |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H319-H372-H410 | Packing Group: | Ⅲ |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
45% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; | |
With carbon disulfide; aluminium trichloride |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | With 10% rhodium on carbon; hydrogen In isopropyl alcohol at 100℃; for 0.166667h; Flow reactor; | |
25% | With hydrogen; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate at 90℃; for 1h; | |
With acetic acid; platinum at 30℃; Hydrogenation; |
With sodium tetrahydroborate; rhodium(III) chloride 40 deg C, ethanol; Yield given. Multistep reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
96% | With ethoxyethoxyethanol; hydrazine hydrate; potassium hydroxide at 220℃; Sonication; | |
85% | With isopropyl alcohol for 1h; Reflux; | |
66% | With potassium hydroxide; hydrazine In ethylene glycol for 4h; Heating; |
65% | With triethylsilane; trifluoroacetic acid at 20℃; for 48h; | 3 1-hexylbenzene(XIV-1) 17.5 g (99.3 mmol) of 1-phenylpentanone (XIII-1) was added to the reaction flask,Trifluoroacetic acid 10ml,23.9 g (198.6 mmol) of triethylsilane was added dropwise with stirring,Drop Bi,The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 h,concentrate,Add CH2Cl2 dissolved,10% NaOH wash to neutral,Saturated NaCl solution once,Dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate,filter,concentrate,Column chromatography (petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 15: 1),To obtain 10.5 g of a colorless oil,Yield 65%. |
With palladium on activated charcoal; ethanol Hydrogenolyse; | ||
With copper-aluminium oxide catalysts at 150 - 180℃; Hydrogenolyse; | ||
With copper-zinc-aluminium oxide catalyst at 190 - 250℃; Hydrogenolyse; | ||
With hydrogen; nickel at 300℃; | ||
With hydrazine | ||
79 %Chromat. | With ethanol at 20℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; Sealed tube; Green chemistry; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | In carbon disulfide 0 deg C, 1 h, RT, 2 h; | |
83% | With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane Cooling with ice; | |
65% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 22h; |
41% | With aluminium trichloride at 50℃; for 1h; | |
With aluminium trichloride; Petroleum ether | ||
With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane for 2h; Ambient temperature; | ||
With aluminium trichloride at -20℃; | ||
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 2.25h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80.3% | Stage #1: oxalyl dichloride With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane for 0.0833333h; Stage #2: hexylbenzene In dichloromethane at 20 - 25℃; for 1h; | |
With aluminium trichloride In Trichloroethylene for 0.5h; Ambient temperature; | ||
With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane for 0.5h; Cooling with ice; | 3 4-hexylbenzyl alcohol(XVI-1) To the reaction flask was added 38.8 g (62.86 mmol) of AlCl,Anhydrous CH2Cl2 70 ml,Ice water bath,16 g (125.7 mmol) of oxalyl chloride was added dropwise with stirring,Drop Bi,1-hexylbenzene (XIV-1) was added dropwise,Remove the ice bath,Reaction 0.5h,Steamed acid gas,Diluted with CH2Cl2,Cooled to -20 ° C,Poured into ice water,CH2Cl2 extraction,Saturated NaCl solution was washed once,Dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate,filter,concentrate,To give 10.6 g of crude (XV-1) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With hydrogen; copper(l) chloride; lithium tert-butoxide; tricyclohexylphosphine; In isopropyl alcohol; toluene; at 100℃; under 3800.26 Torr; for 3h;Schlenk technique; Autoclave; | General procedure: In a glove box, a vial was charged with CuCl (2.0mg, 0.020 mmol), a phosphine ligand (0.020 mmol) and toluene (1.00 mL), and the resultingsolution was stirred for 10 min at room temperature. To this vial, LiOtBu (40 mg, 0.50 mmol) andiPrOH (60 mg, 1.0 mmol) were added in this order. After the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 minat room temperature, 1a (160 mg, 1.0 mmol) and toluene (2.0 mL) were added. The vial was placedin an autoclave and the autoclave was taken out of the glove box. N2 in the autoclave was replacedwith H2 by positive pressure of H2. Then, the mixture was stirred at 100 C for 3 h under 5 atm ofH2. After cooling to room temperature, H2 was released and the mixture was diluted with EtOAc.The conversion was determined by GC analysis with n-tridecane (18 mg, 0.10 mmol) as an internalstandard. The resulting solution was filtered through a pad of silica gel and the yields of theproducts were determined by 1H NMR analysis with 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene as an internalstandard. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
98% | With ethanol; (BQ‑NCOP)IrHCl; sodium t-butanolate at 60℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; Sealed tube; | |
90% | With Wilkinson's catalyst; N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-N″-tert-butylguanidine; hydrogen In toluene at 20℃; for 4h; | |
90.3 % Chromat. | With lithium; Trimethylenediamine In tetrahydrofuran at 60℃; for 0.116667h; |
With hydrogen In hexane ΔH; | ||
With hydrogen at 20℃; for 16h; | ||
With hydrogen In toluene at 60℃; for 24h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | In trifluoroacetic acid at 80℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; | |
73.2% | With trifluoroacetic acid at 80℃; | |
73.2% | With trifluoroacetic acid at 80℃; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; |
70% | With trifluoroacetic acid at 80℃; Heating; | |
In trifluoroacetic acid at 80℃; | ||
at 75℃; | 3.1.7. 4-hexylbenzaldehyde (14) Hexylbenzene (3 mmol, 0.428 g) and hexamethylenetetramine (3.3 mmol, 0.407 g) were dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid and the reaction mixture was stirred at 75 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. Brine solution and aqueous 1 M hydrochloric acid were added and the product was extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. Resulting crude product 15 (0.455 g, 91% yield) was used in the next step without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
96% | In benzene at 165℃; for 8h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
74% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 0.5h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
99% | Stage #1: 2-chloropropionyl chloride With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.25h; Stage #2: hexylbenzene In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 24h; | |
67% | With aluminium trichloride In pentane at 20℃; for 1h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
75% | Stage #1: phenyl hexyl sulfone With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -78℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: cyclohexenone With benzoyl chloride In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -78 - 20℃; for 3h; Stage #3: With potassium <i>tert</i>-butylate In tetrahydrofuran; hexane for 3h; Heating; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
1: 50% 2: 30% | With aluminium trichloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at -15 - -7℃; for 17h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
99% | With triethylsilane; tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 20h; | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: dmap; triethylamine / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / 20 °C / Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere 2: lithium triethylborohydride / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
93% | With triethylsilane; tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate In dichloromethane at 20℃; | |
93% | With triethylsilane; tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 20h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
55% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; tris(diformylamino)methane With aluminium trichloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at -13 - 1℃; for 15h; Stage #2: With water | |
55% | With aluminium trichloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at -13 - -1℃; for 15h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
73% | With hydrogen; water-d2 at 20℃; for 72h; | |
73% | With hydrogen; water-d2 at 20℃; for 72h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
94% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: dimethyl amine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; | |
Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 20℃; for 6.75h; Stage #2: dimethyl amine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 24h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
55% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Title compound not separated from byproducts.; | |
1: 4.324 g 2: 1.668 g | With aluminium trichloride In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 20℃; for 6.75h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | With 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; palladium diacetate; tricyclohexylphosphine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 0.5h; | |
85% | With 1,3-bis(mesityl)imidazolium chloride In tetrahydrofuran; 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 20℃; for 1h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene With gallium(III) trichloride In cyclohexane at 20℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With deuteriated sodium hydroxide In water-d2 |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
5.26 g | Stage #1: hexylbenzene With aluminum oxide; bromine for 0.0166667h; Stage #2: trimethylsilylacetylene With copper(l) iodide; triethylamine; triphenylphosphine In tetrahydrofuran at 85℃; for 72h; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
91% | With hydrogen In ethanol at 70℃; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: N-Methyl-N-phenethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
87% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: (2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: diisopropylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
86% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: isonipecotic acid methyl ester In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: dibutylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
92% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: N-methyl-2-furanmethanamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
78% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: N-cyclohexyl-cyclohexanamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
93% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: propylamine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: pyrrolidine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | Stage #1: hexylbenzene; acryloyl chloride With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: morpholine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Further stages.; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
41% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; | |
With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | With aluminium trichloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | With chlorosulfonic acid In chloroform at 20℃; for 20h; | 1 To a solution of 1-hexylbenzene (5.00 g, 30.8 mmol) in CHCl3 (50 mL) was added chlorosulfonic acid (17 mL, 29.8 g, 256 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at rt for 20 h. The mixture was poured on ice (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 x 100 niL). The combined extracts were washed with water, a solution of NaHCO3, and water, dried (Na2SO4), and concentrated in vacuo. The yellow oily residue (ca 81% yield) was used without further purification in the next reaction; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.88 (t, 3H, J = 7 Hz), 1.30-1.35 (m, 6H), 1.55-1.63 (m, 2H), 2.59 (t, 2H, J = 8 Hz), 7.38 (d, 2H, J = 8 Hz), 7.89 (d, 2H, J = 8 Hz). |
77% | With chlorosulfonic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 6h; | General procedure for the sulfonation of benzenederivatives 10a-e General procedure: To a solution of alkyl benzene 10 (11.9 mmol) in dichloromethane(10 mL) was added chlorosulfonic acid (4.75 mL,71.4 mmol) in a dropwise fashion and the reaction mixturewas left to stir at room temperature for 6 h. Upon completionof the reaction, the reaction mixture was poured onto aslurry of ice (15 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane(3 × 10 mL). The combined organic layers were thenwashed with saturated NaHCO3 (2 × 20 mL) and brine (20mL). The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 and concentratedunder reduced pressure. The crude product waspurified by silica gel column chromatography using acombination of ethyl acetate and hexane (1:10) as eluent toprovide the corresponding sulfonated derivatives 11. |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 77 percent / H2SO4 conc. / 1 h / 70 °C 2: POCl3 / a.) 170 deg C, 1 h, b.) dichloroethane, 60 deg C, 30 min |
With chlorosulfonic acid In chloroform at 20℃; for 20h; | 2.1.3. 4-Hexyl-N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (27) General procedure: To a solution of butylbenzene (4.13 g, 30.8 mmol) in CHCl3 (50 mL) was added chlorosulfonic acid (17.0 mL, 29.8 g, 256 mmol).28 The mixture was stirred at rt for 20 h. The mixture was poured on ice (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 × 100 mL). The combined extracts were washed with water, aqueous NaHCO3, and water, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The resulting yellow oily residue, crude p-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (ca 88% yield), was used without further purification in the next reaction; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.94 (3, t, J = 7 Hz), 1.34-1.41 (2, m), 1.62-1.67 (2, m), 2.73 (2, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.41 (2, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.94 (2, d, J = 8 Hz).To a stirred solution of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole (2.0 g, 19.7 mmol) in pyridine (30 mL) under argon at -20 °C was added crude p-butylbenzenesulfonyl chloride (4.89 g, ca. 21 mmol) over 10 min. The reaction mixture was allowed to attain rt and stirred for 16 h. Water (300 mL) was added to quench the reaction. The mixture was extracted with CH2Cl2, the organic extracts washed with 2 N HCl (2 × 150 mL), brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was subjected to flash chromatography on silica gel eluted with CH2Cl2/MeOH 33:1 to give the product 26 (3.46 g, 11.6 mmol, 59% yield) as a solid, mp 120-121 °C; RP HPLC tR 6.06 min (4.6 × 250 mm C18 column eluted with CH3CN, 0.5 mL/min) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
at 80℃; | 1 EXAMPLE 1; An excess of benzene is created with bromo-1 hexane in a flask that is topped with a coolant. Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is added to the mixture. This mixture is heated to 80° C. while being stirred. This reaction is well known under the name of Friedel and Craft. The products of the reaction are, on the one hand, unreacted benzene, because it is in excess, and, on the other hand, phenyl-1 hexane (or according to formula A: R1=R2=hydrogen, R2=normal hexyl). The excess benzene is eliminated by distillation. The cetane number of the compound that is obtained was measured according to a technique that is well known to one skilled in the art. The cetane number is 26 |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
79% | With aluminum (III) chloride at 20 - 50℃; for 5h; | 2.a.1 Example 2: Preparation of 4-(4-hexel-phenylethvnyl .-benzaldehvde; a) Step 1: Synthesis of 2-(4-bromo-phenyl)-1-(4-hexyl-phenyl)-ethanone (Vb); To a 2L three-necked flask, set up with a mechanical stirring, containing AtOs (85. 661g ; 642. 42mmol) under N2, 4-hexylbenzene (IVb) (104.25 g; 642.42mmol) was added in one portion at room temperature. To this resulting orange suspension (4- bromo-phenyl) -acetyl chloride (IIIa) (125.000 g; 535.35mmol) was added drop wise during 45 minutes without cooling. Then reaction mixture was stirred for 3h until temperature cooled down to room temperature, time when no more foaming was observed. The deep brown mixture was then stirred at room temperature overnight. The black thick solution was poured under stirring into a mixture of ice and IN HCI (800mL), then the resulting white-orange solid was filtered, and washed successively with water, saturated solution of NaHC03 and finally with water until pH of the filtrate was 7. The solid was washed with heptane (3x200mL) and dried under vacuum at room temperature to give the title compound as a white powder (m= 151. 15 g) in a 79% yield. Melting point : 108°C 1H-NMR (CDC13=7. 26ppm): 7.91 (d, J=8.28 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.28 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (d, J=8.28 Hz, 2H), 7.13 (d, J=8.47 Hz, 2H), 4.21 (s, 2H), 2.65 (t, J=7.81 Hz, 2H), 1.62 (quint, J=7.53 Hz, 2H), 1.43-1. 22 (br m, 6H), 0.88 (t, J=6.87 Hz, 3H) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With aluminum (III) chloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 15 - 40℃; for 4.5h; | 1 To a mixture of 25.7 grams of aluminum chloride, 51.3 mL of 1,2-dichloroethane, and 10 grams of benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (pyromellitic dianhydride) was added with cooling, a solution of 14.9 grams of hexylbenzene and 6.40 grams of diisopropylethylamine in 25 mL of 1,2-dichloroethane over a period of 3.5 hours, keeping the temperature between 15° C. and 20° C. The resulting mixture was stirred for an additional 15 minutes after the addition was complete, and it was then heated to 40° C. for one hour. The warm mixture was poured into a beaker with 200 grams of ice and 75 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid and stirred overnight at room temperature. The aqueous phase was poured off and the resulting oily solid was stirred with 500 mL of water, and the water was poured off. This water wash was repeated, and the resulting residue was dissolved in 250 mL of acetone and concentrated in vacuo. This residue was stirred with 55 mL of ethyl acetate, and the resulting solid was collected by filtration, washed with 100 mL of ethyl acetate, and dried to give 2,5-bis(4-hexylbenzoyl)terephthalic acid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With sodium hydroxide; thionyl chloride In ethanol | 5 5-(4-n-Hexylbenzoyl)pentanoic acid EXAMPLE 5 5-(4-n-Hexylbenzoyl)pentanoic acid Adipic acid monomethyl ester (50 g; 0.31 mole) is converted to the acid chloride with thionyl chloride (50 g) by the manner described in Example 1. This product is reacted with hexylbenzene (100 g) and aluminum chloride (62.4 g; 0.47 mole) and the product isolated in a manner analogous to that described in Example 1. The crude product is heated under reflux in ethanol (234 ml) and 2N sodium hydroxide (234 ml) for 4 hours. The reaction mixture is then processed as described in Example 1. The product is recrystallized from aqueous ethanol to give 5-(4-n-hexylbenzoyl)pentanoic acid as colorless crystals (22.5 g), m.p. 77°-79° C. Elemental Analysis: Calculated: C, 74.45; H, 9.02. Found: C, 73.98; H, 8.77. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With hydrogenchloride In carbon disulfide | 1 EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 1 83 ml of hexylbenzene were treated with 1.8 g of aluminum chloride while cooling with ice. After brief stirring a solution of 40 g of 2,5-dichloro-2,5-dimethyl-hexane in 300 ml of carbon disulphide was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred at 0° C. for a further 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into ice/6N hydrochloric acid, extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated. The crude product was distilled in a high vacuum. There were obtained 25.5 g of 1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-6-hexyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalene as a colourless oil, boiling point 141°-152° C./0.8 mm. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With hydrogen In methanol at 20℃; Darkness; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
40% | With bromobenzene; dicarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II) chloride; buta-1,3-diene In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; | Typical procedure for the iron-catalyzed cross-coupling General procedure: To a flame-dried Schlenk tube containing CpFe(CO)2Cl (6) (10.3 mg, 0.05 mmol),3-bromopropyl phenyl ether (1j) (223 mg, 1.04 mmol), THF (0.25 mL), n-BuMgCl (2a)(2M in THF, 0.75 mL, 1.5 mmol), and 1,3-butadiene (90 mL as gas, 4.0 mmol) wereadded successively at -78 C followed by stirring at 0 °C for 2 h and rt for 22 h. Thereaction was quenched by the addition of sat NH4Cl aq., extracted with Et2O (10 mL x3), concentrated, and purified by PTLC (eluent: hexane/Et2O = 99/1) to obtain heptylphenyl etherS2 (3ja) as yellow oil (79.5 mg, 40%). |
88 %Chromat. | With [((Me)NN2)NiCl] In tetrahydrofuran; ISOPROPYLAMIDE at -20℃; Inert atmosphere; | |
93 %Chromat. | With 1-Phenylprop-1-yne; copper In tetrahydrofuran at 25℃; for 3h; Schlenk technique; Glovebox; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
99% | With 10% Pt/activated carbon; water-d2 In cyclohexane; isopropyl alcohol at 80℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; | |
85% | With 5% palladium-platinum on carbon; hydrogen; water-d2 at 180℃; for 24h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
56% | With 2,2′-benzothiazole disulfide; oxygen In acetonitrile for 16h; Irradiation; | 10 Example 10 Preparation of hexanophenone Phenylhexane (81.1 mg, 0.5 mmol) and benzothiazole disulfide (16.6 mg, 0.05 mmol) were added to 2 mL of acetonitrile solution, and the solution was irradiated with violet light for 16 hours under an oxygen atmosphere.After the completion of the reaction, the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove acetonitrile,Separation by column chromatography using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate as eluent to obtain 49.3 mg of hexanophenone with a yield of 56%. |
51% | With tert.-butylhydroperoxide; copper (I) iodide; N-(4-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyloxy)benzyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)methanamine; sodium lauryl sulfate In lithium hydroxide monohydrate at 20℃; for 1h; Green chemistry; regioselective reaction; | |
42% | With pyridine; tert.-butylhydroperoxide; iodine In lithium hydroxide monohydrate at 80℃; chemoselective reaction; |
41% | With tert.-butylhydroperoxide; copper (I) iodide; dimethyl 3-methyl-9-oxo-7-(4-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyloxy)benzyl)-2,4-di(pyridin-2-yl)-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-1,5-dicarboxylate In lithium hydroxide monohydrate at 20℃; for 12h; Green chemistry; | |
49 %Chromat. | With 9-(benzoyl(cyclohexyl)carbamoyl)-10-phenylacridinium perchlorate In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 18h; Irradiation; Green chemistry; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
70% | With p-tert-butyl-p-(2',6'-dimethoxy-biphenyl-2-yl)phosphine chloride; palladium diacetate In tetrahydrofuran; 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 25℃; for 20.4667h; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With palladium diacetate; bis(1-adamantyl)phosphine oxide In tetrahydrofuran; 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 25℃; for 20h; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | Stage #1: 1-hexene; bromobenzene With palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate; triphenylphosphine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 110℃; for 15h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With hydrogen at 20℃; for 15h; regioselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90.3% | With copper(l) iodide In tetrahydrofuran at 67℃; for 6h; Inert atmosphere; | |
79% | With C70H40Cl2F68N2O6Pd2 In tetrahydrofuran at 100℃; for 0.2h; Microwave irradiation; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
92% | With tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0); sodium t-butanolate; ruphos In water; toluene at 80℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | With C70H40Cl2F68N2O6Pd2 In tetrahydrofuran at 100℃; for 0.0833333h; Microwave irradiation; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | With 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazolium chloride; iron(II) chloride In tetrahydrofuran; dichloromethane at 65℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazolium chloride; iron(II) chloride In tetrahydrofuran; dichloromethane at 65℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | With n-butyllithium; samarium diiodide; dipyrrolidinomethylaminophosphoric acid triamide; tert-butyl alcohol; In tetrahydrofuran; hexane; at -66 - 21℃; | General procedure: To an ice-cold mixture of DPMPA (816 mg, 3.76 mmol) and THF (3.0 mL) was added 1.50 mL of a 2.5 M solution of n-BuLi (3.8 mmol) in hexane. This mixture was stirred for 5 min, and 9.7 mL of a 0.097 M solution of SmI2 (0.94 mmol) in THF was added, and stirred for 5 min. After cooling the reductant to -66 C, a solution of the organochlorine substrate (0.285 mmol) and t-BuOH (54 muL, 0.57 mmol) in THF (1.4 mL) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to 21 C over 2 h and, where appropriate, tetradecane (10.0 muL, 0.0384 mmol) was added. Water (8 mL) was added, and the mixture was extracted with a 2:1 mixture of hexanes and Et2O (5×5 mL). The concentrated mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With n-butyllithium; samarium diiodide; dipyrrolidinomethylaminophosphoric acid triamide; <i>tert</i>-butyl alcohol In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -66 - 21℃; | General procedure for the reduction of organochlorine compounds General procedure: To an ice-cold mixture of DPMPA (816 mg, 3.76 mmol) and THF (3.0 mL) was added 1.50 mL of a 2.5 M solution of n-BuLi (3.8 mmol) in hexane. This mixture was stirred for 5 min, and 9.7 mL of a 0.097 M solution of SmI2 (0.94 mmol) in THF was added, and stirred for 5 min. After cooling the reductant to -66 °C, a solution of the organochlorine substrate (0.285 mmol) and t-BuOH (54 μL, 0.57 mmol) in THF (1.4 mL) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to 21 °C over 2 h and, where appropriate, tetradecane (10.0 μL, 0.0384 mmol) was added. Water (8 mL) was added, and the mixture was extracted with a 2:1 mixture of hexanes and Et2O (5×5 mL). The concentrated mixture was purified by silica gel column chromatography. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | Stage #1: oxalyl dichloride; hexylbenzene With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With lithium aluminium tetrahydride In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; | 1 4-hexylphenyl)methanol 2 4-hexylphenyl)methanol 2[0070] A solution of hexylbenzene (1.62 g, 10 mmol) and oxalyl chloride (1.4 g, 11 mmol) was prepared in dry DCM (15 mL). Anhydrous AlCb (2.0 g, 15 mmol) was added to the solution portionly at 0°C under argon. Anhydrous THF (10 mL) was added after the mixture was stirred at 0°C for lh, and then L1AIH4 (760 mg, 20 mmol) was added slowly and portionly. After stirring at 0°C at lh, water (5 mL) was added slowly to quench the reaction. The solution was decanted from the resulting solid, which was then washed with ether. The decanted solution was combined with the ether washes and solvent was evaporated and the resultant crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (hexane: ethyl acetate = 5: 1) to afford compound 2 (1.73 g, 90% yield). [0071] NMR: 7.06-7.18 (AB, 4H), 4.52 (s, 2H), 2.51 (t, J=7.5Hz, 2H), 2.18 (br, 1H), 1.52(m, 2H), 1.16-1.29 (m, 6H), 0.80 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 3H). These spectroscopic details are in accordance with literature reports. |
90% | Stage #1: oxalyl dichloride; hexylbenzene With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With lithium aluminium tetrahydride In tetrahydrofuran; dichloromethane at 0℃; for 1h; Irradiation; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
78 %Spectr. | With lithium hydroxide monohydrate; silver trifluoromethanesulfonate; Selectfluor In ethyl acetate at 55℃; Sealed tube; | 6 General procedure for the silver-mediated fluorination of potassium aryl and heteroaryl trifluoroborates with Selectfluor (Table 4) General procedure: Trifluoroborate (0.50 mmol, 1.0 equiv), LiOH·H2O (25.2 mg, 0.60 mmol, 1.2 equiv), Selectfluor (212 mg, 0.60 mmol, 1.2 equiv), AgOTf (386 mg, 1.5 mmol, 3.0 equiv) were weighed into a 20 mL microwave vial. EtOAc (5 mL) was added, and sealed with a microwave cap and the mixture was allowed to stir at 55 °C for 5-15 h. The resulting solution was cooled to room temperature. For the compounds reported with isolated yields (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2g, 2h, 2j, 2k, 2l, 2m, 2o, 2p, 2t, 2u, 2x, 2v, 2y, 2ab, 2ac, and 2ag) the reaction mixture was diluted with MTBE or hexane (5 mL) and H2O (4.0 mL). Then organic phase was separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with MTBE (2*5 mL). The combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. The filtrate was concentrated in rotavapor and the residue was purified by column chromatography on Combiflash with hexanes/EtOAc to afford the desired compounds. The volatile and low yielding products were not isolated and their yields were determined only by 19F NMR of the reaction mixture. For the compounds reported with 19F NMR yields, 4-fluorobenzonitrile (0.50 mmol) was added as reference to the reaction mixture, stirred for 5 min, and then diluted with MTBE or hexane (5 mL) and H2O (3.0 mL). The layers were separated and an an aliquote of the organic phase was withdrawn for the 19F NMR measurement in CDCl3. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
78% | Stage #1: 1-Iodohexane With tert.-butyl lithium In diethyl ether; pentane at -78 - 25℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With zinc(II) iodide In tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether; pentane at 0℃; for 3h; Stage #3: iodobenzene In tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether; diethylene glycol dimethyl ether; pentane at 110℃; for 24h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
1: 88.7% 2: 91.1% | Stage #1: triphenylphosphine With lithium In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: 1-bromo-hexane In tetrahydrofuran at 5 - 70℃; for 6.25h; | 3 1) Under a nitrogen atmosphere, triphenylphosphine was added to the reaction flask equipped with tetrahydrofuran, and the molar ratio of metallic lithium to triphenylphosphine was 2.5: 1 under stirring. The reaction was carried out at room temperature for 3 hours To ensure that the reaction of the triphenylphosphine is complete, the unreacted metal lithium is removed and removed to obtain a phenylphosphoric lithium tetrahydrofuran solution;2) The solution of the obtained phenylphosphine lithium tetrahydrofuran in step 1) was cooled to 5 ° C,Add to the systemBromo-n-hexane,15min after the drip, the insulation reaction 3h, then the system temperature to 70 , the insulation reaction 3h, the system down to room temperature, add water, stirring after the static layer, remove the water layer, dry; distillation of tetrahydrofuran, and then decompression Distillation, respectively, hexyl diphenyl phosphine and hexyl benzene. |
Stage #1: triphenylphosphine With lithium In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: 1-bromo-hexane In tetrahydrofuran at 5 - 70℃; for 3.25h; Inert atmosphere; | 2 The hexyl diphenylphosphine used in the present example was prepared by the following method Under nitrogen protection, to a reaction flask equipped with tetrahydrofuran was added triphenylphosphine, in the stirring conditions and then add metal lithium tablets, the molar ratio of metal lithium to triphenylphosphine was 2.5: 1, reaction at room temperature for 3 h, to ensure that the triphenylphosphine reaction is complete, the unreacted metal lithium was removed in the system, to obtain a phenylphosphine lithium tetrahydrofuran solution; 2) The resulting phenylphosphine lithium tetrahydrofuran solution of step 1) was cooled to 5 °C, to the system was added bromo-n-hexane, 15min drops finished, insulation reaction 3h, and then the system temperature to 70 °C, after incubation for 3 h, the system down to room temperature, add water after stirring static stratification, the water layer was removed and dried. After distillation of tetrahydrofuran, the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure to give hexyl diphenylphosphine and hexylbenzene, respectively. The yield of hexyl diphenylphosphine was 88.7% , the yield of hexylbenzene was 91.1%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Stage #1: 1-hexene; 1,6-diphenyl-hexa-1,3,5-triene With tricyclohexylphosphine[1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidine][benzylidene]ruthenium(II) dichloride In toluene at 100℃; for 2h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With palladium on activated charcoal; hydrogen In ethanol; toluene at 20℃; Schlenk technique; | Cross metathesis of 1,6-diphenyl 1,3,5-hexatriene (1) and 1-hexene A Schlenk tube was charged with1 (0.0927 g, 0.40mmol), 1-hexene (0.300 mL, 2,40mmol),toluene (2.0 mL), and fitted with a condenser. A solution of HG2 (0.0106 g, 0.0169mmol, 0.05eq) intoluene (1.0 mL) was added. The mixture was heated (100°C) for 2 hours, cooled down to room temperature, Pd/C (0.010 g) and ethanol (2 mL) was added. Then a balloon filled with hydrogen was connected to the Schlenk tube. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Then the suspension was filtered and the obtained solution was analyzed by GC-MS (Figure S9, Table S4). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Stage #1: cis-stilben; methyl α-eleostearate With tricyclohexylphosphine[1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidine][benzylidene]ruthenium(II) dichloride In toluene at 100℃; for 2h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With palladium on activated charcoal; hydrogen In ethanol; toluene at 20℃; Schlenk technique; Overall yield = 380 mg; | Cross metathesis of α-eleostearic acid methyl ester (2) and cis-stilbene (6) A Schlenk tube was charged with2 (0.0989 g, 0.338mmol), cis-stilbene (6, 0.362 mL, 2.03 mmol, 6 eq) and toluene (1.0 mL), and fitted with a condenser. A solution of HG2 (0.0106 g, 0.0169mmol, 0.05eq) intoluene (1.0 mL) was added. The mixture was heated (100°C) for 2 hours, cooled down to room temperature andPd/C (0.010 g) in ethanol (2 mL) was added. Then a balloon filled with hydrogen was connected to theSchlenk tube. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. Then the black suspension was filtered, the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, giving 380 mg of the crude product. The mixture was analyzed by GC-MS (Table S1), 1H NMR (Figure 1) and quantitative 13C NMR (Figure S2).The crude product containsmethyl 10-phenyldecanoate (3),1,2-diphenylethane (6*), hexylbenzene (5), 1,4-diphenylbutane (4)in 1:3:1:0.6 molar ratio according to 1H NMR measurements as determined by quantitative13C NMR measurements. The yields of methyl 10-phenyldecanoate and alkylbenzene homologuesare higher than95% and the yield of1,4-diphenylbutane is ~35%. (Crude starting material contains 81% of2). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
77% | With hydrogenchloride; zinc In water at 100℃; for 6h; | General procedure for Clemmensen reduction of theketones 9a-e General procedure: To a solution of ketone 9 (14.9 mmol) in water (10 mL) wasadded Zn dust (2.92 g, 44.7 mmol) and concentrated HCl(3.69 mL, 44.7 mmol). The reaction mixture was then stirredat 100 °C until completion (6 h). The reaction wasallowed to cool down and extracted with diethyl ether (3 ×10 mL). The combined organic layers were then washedwith a saturated NaHCO3 (3 × 10 mL) and finally with 10mL of cold brine solution. The organic layer was dried overanhydrous MgSO4, filtered and the solvent removed underreduced pressure. The crude product was then purified bysilica gel column chromatography using hexane as solventto yield the corresponding alkyl substituted benzene 10. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
1: 51 %Chromat. 2: 10 %Chromat. | With dicarbonyl(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II) chloride; buta-1,3-diene In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; | Typical procedure for the iron-catalyzed cross-coupling General procedure: To a flame-dried Schlenk tube containing CpFe(CO)2Cl (6) (10.3 mg, 0.05 mmol),3-bromopropyl phenyl ether (1j) (223 mg, 1.04 mmol), THF (0.25 mL), n-BuMgCl (2a)(2M in THF, 0.75 mL, 1.5 mmol), and 1,3-butadiene (90 mL as gas, 4.0 mmol) wereadded successively at -78 C followed by stirring at 0 °C for 2 h and rt for 22 h. Thereaction was quenched by the addition of sat NH4Cl aq., extracted with Et2O (10 mL x3), concentrated, and purified by PTLC (eluent: hexane/Et2O = 99/1) to obtain heptylphenyl etherS2 (3ja) as yellow oil (79.5 mg, 40%). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
75% | Stage #1: 3,6-dibromo-2,5-phenylenedi(carboxylic acid chloride) With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0℃; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: hexylbenzene In dichloromethane at 20℃; Inert atmosphere; | To a solution of 2,5-dibromoterephthaloyl dichloride in 50 mL dryCH2Cl2 was slowly added a solution of anhydrous AlCl3 (7.29 g, 54.7 mmol) in dry CH2Cl2 (70 mL) at 0 °C, the mixture was kept at 0 °Cfor 20 min, then a solution of n-hexylbenzene (13 mL, 69.0 mmol) wasadded slowly. After the addition, the mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. Then ice water and 3M hydrochloric acid solutionwas added to the mixture until it became clear. The mixture waswashed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted withCH2Cl2. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. Afterremoval of the solvent, the crude product was washed with hexane togive the product as a white solid (9.95 g, 75%).1H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl3, δ): 7.79-7.73 (m, 4H), 7.58 (s, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 4H),2.75-2.64 (m, 4H), 1.65 (dt, J=15.4, 7.6 Hz, 4H), 1.40-1.24 (m, 12H),0.93-0.84 (m, 6H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3, δ): 193.48, 150.68,143.35, 132.86, 130.54, 129.04, 118.45, 36.23, 31.67, 31.04, 29.00,22.60, 14.13; HRMS (ESI) m/z: [M+Na]+, calcd for C32H36Br2O2,633.0974; found, 633.0973. |
141.8 g | With aluminum (III) chloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 25℃; | 1 Compound 1-3 Synthesis Into a 3 L reaction flask, add compound 1-5 (100 g, 308.7 mmol, 1eq), add dichloromethane (1 L), add oxalyl chloride (62.6 mL, 740.9 mmol, 2.4 eq), and stir.Add N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 0.22 mL, 3.1 mmol, 0.01 eq) to the reaction and stir for 10 minutes.The oil-bath is used to raise the temperature of the bath to 60 ° C. and stir at reflux overnight. After cooling the reaction temperature to room temperature (25 ), the solvent (Dichloromethane (MC)) is concentrated using a reduced pressure pump.Dichloromethane (1 L) was added to the concentrate, followed by aluminum chloride (90.6 g, 679.2 mmol, 2.2 eq).Cool the reactant to 0 ° C using an ice-bath and dilute n-hexylbenzene (174.5 mL, 926.2 mmol, 3 eq) in dichloromethane (200 mL) and slowly add dropwise to the reaction.The reaction is stirred overnight at room temperature (25 ° C.).After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is slowly poured into cooling water (purified water / ice = 1/1, 1.5 L) and stirred vigorously.The organic layer was separated and then 1N NaOH (in purified water, 1.5 L),Wash each with purified water (1 L).The separated organic layer was dried over anhydrous MgSO 4, filtered, and the organic layer was removed using an evaporatior.The concentrate is recrystallized with Dichloromethane / MeOH and filtered, and the filtered solid is washed with MeOH.The washed solid was dried overnight in a vacuum oven (temp. = 90 ° C.) to afford intermediate compound 1-3 (141.8 g, 2 steps overall 75%). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
87% | With N-Bromosuccinimide; 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile); water In ethyl acetate at 60℃; for 6h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
98% | With bis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)(2-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)-1H-inden-3-yl)phosphine; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) In acetonitrile at 120℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; | |
85% | With tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) chloroform complex; C33H21F12P In acetonitrile at 120℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; | Cross-coupling reaction of primary alkyl cage germanium with bromobenzene Under an inert atmosphere, such as an argon atmosphere, 0.1 mmol of n-hexyl cage germanium (1a),0.12mmol bromobenzene (2a),0.02mmol of bis (dibenzylideneacetone) palladium,0.06 mmol of (1,1- (dimethyl) -2- (phenyl) indenyl) -bis (3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl)) phenylphosphine prepared as a ligand by the method of the present invention ,1 ml of acetonitrile was added to dissolve the reactant, and the reaction solution was reacted at 120 ° C for 16 hours.After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature.The gas-phase yield of the target product, n-hexylbenzene (3a), was measured by GC-MS to be 85%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
37%Chromat.; 23%Chromat.; 20%Chromat. | With potassium fluoride; iron(II) acetate; bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether; In tetrahydrofuran; at 40℃; for 8h;Inert atmosphere; | General procedure: A THF solution of trioctylaluminum (0.74 mL, 1.00 M, 0.74 mmol) was added to a mixture of Fe(OAc)2 (4.3 mg, 0.025 mmol), Bn-Nixantphos (1, 32.0 mg, 0.050 mmol), KF (43.7 mg, 0.75 mmol), <strong>[27976-27-8](6-bromohexyl)benzene</strong> (2a, 116 mg, 0.49 mmol), and undecane (33.2 mg, 0.21 mmol) in THF (1.24 mL) at 0 C. The mixture was stirred at 40 C for 8 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and an aliquot of the mixture was filtered through a pad of Florisil. The product yield was determined by quantitative GC analysis (83%) using undecane as an internal standard. |
33%Chromat.; 23%Chromat.; 33%Chromat. | With potassium fluoride; iron(II) acetate; tricyclohexylphosphine; In tetrahydrofuran; at 40℃; for 8h;Inert atmosphere; | General procedure: A THF solution of trioctylaluminum (0.74 mL, 1.00 M, 0.74 mmol) was added to a mixture of Fe(OAc)2 (4.3 mg, 0.025 mmol), Bn-Nixantphos (1, 32.0 mg, 0.050 mmol), KF (43.7 mg, 0.75 mmol), <strong>[27976-27-8](6-bromohexyl)benzene</strong> (2a, 116 mg, 0.49 mmol), and undecane (33.2 mg, 0.21 mmol) in THF (1.24 mL) at 0 C. The mixture was stirred at 40 C for 8 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and an aliquot of the mixture was filtered through a pad of Florisil. The product yield was determined by quantitative GC analysis (83%) using undecane as an internal standard. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
16%Chromat.; 86%Chromat. | With potassium fluoride; benzylnixantphos; iron(II) acetate; In tetrahydrofuran; at 40℃; for 8h;Inert atmosphere; | General procedure: A THF solution of trioctylaluminum (0.74 mL, 1.00 M, 0.74 mmol) was added to a mixture of Fe(OAc)2 (4.3 mg, 0.025 mmol), Bn-Nixantphos (1, 32.0 mg, 0.050 mmol), KF (43.7 mg, 0.75 mmol), <strong>[27976-27-8](6-bromohexyl)benzene</strong> (2a, 116 mg, 0.49 mmol), and undecane (33.2 mg, 0.21 mmol) in THF (1.24 mL) at 0 C. The mixture was stirred at 40 C for 8 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and an aliquot of the mixture was filtered through a pad of Florisil. The product yield was determined by quantitative GC analysis (83%) using undecane as an internal standard. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90 %Chromat. | With bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl][2-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)acenaphthylen-1-yl]phosphane; bis(dibenzylideneacetone)-palladium(0) In acetonitrile at 120℃; for 6h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; | Application exampleCross-coupling reaction of primary alkyl cage germanium with bromobenzene: In an inert atmosphere, such as an argon atmosphere, in a Schlenk bottle, 0.1 mmol of n-hexyl cage germanium (1a), 0.12 mmol of bromobenzene (2a),0.02 mmol of bis (dibenzylideneacetone) palladium, 0.06 mmol of (1- (2,6-dimethoxyphenyl) pinenyl) -bis (3,5-bis (tris) prepared by the present invention Fluoromethyl)) phenylphosphine,Then add 1ml acetonitrile to dissolve the reaction,The reaction solution was reacted at 120 ° C for 16 hours.After completion of the reaction, the temperature of the target product, n-hexylbenzene (3a), was measured to be 90% by GC-MS. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
73% | With N-Bromosuccinimide In acetonitrile at 100℃; for 36h; Inert atmosphere; | 16 Example 16 The preparation of (1,2-dibromohexyl) benzene 3p is as follows: Under nitrogen protection,Add n-hexylbenzene 1p (0.5 mmol), NBS (1.25 mmol) and acetonitrile (2 mL) to the reaction tube. Stir at 100 ° C for 36 hours. After stopping the reaction, cool to room temperature, evaporate the solvent, and separate by column chromatography. The volume ratio (mL / mL) of the eluent used is ethyl acetate: petroleum ether = 0: 100 ~ 1: 200 to obtain (1,2- Dibromohexyl) benzene 3p with a yield of 73%, the ratio of diastereomers: trans: cis> 95: 5. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
70% | With 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine nickel(II) bromide; tetrabutylammonium p-toluenesulfonate In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; Sealed tube; | 12. Ni-catalyzed C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-coupling (Figure 2B) General procedure: General procedure HIn an argon-filled glovebox, a flame-dried 10 mL sealing tube equipped with a Teflon septumand magnetic stir bar was charged with ZrCp2HCl (258 mg, 1.0 mmol, 2.0 equiv.), the reactionvial was sealed tightly and removed from the glovebox, anhydrous THF (2.5 mL), alkene (1.1mmol, 2.2 equiv.) was added by a syringe under an argon atmosphere. The mixture was stirredfor 30 min until a clear yellow solution was obtained.In an argon-filled glovebox, another flame-dried 10 mL sealing tube equipped with a Teflonseptum and magnetic stir bar was charged with aryl iodide (0.5 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), Ni(dtbbpy)Br2(2.5 mg, 0.005 mmol, 1 mol%), tetrabutylammonium 4-toluenesulfonate (207 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1.0equiv.), the reaction vial was sealed tightly and removed from the glovebox, the previous clearalkyl zirconium reagent was transferred via syringe over 1 min to this reaction vial under anargon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was then stirred and irradiated with blue LEDs with afan placed above for cooling. After 24 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2, filteredthrough a short pat of silica gel, and concentrated in vacuum. Purification of the crude productby flash chromatography on silica gel afforded the desired product.Hexylbenzene |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
1: 32% 2: 3% | With 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine nickel(II) bromide; tetrabutylammonium p-toluenesulfonate In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Irradiation; Sealed tube; | 12. Ni-catalyzed C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-coupling (Figure 2B) General procedure: General procedure HIn an argon-filled glovebox, a flame-dried 10 mL sealing tube equipped with a Teflon septumand magnetic stir bar was charged with ZrCp2HCl (258 mg, 1.0 mmol, 2.0 equiv.), the reactionvial was sealed tightly and removed from the glovebox, anhydrous THF (2.5 mL), alkene (1.1mmol, 2.2 equiv.) was added by a syringe under an argon atmosphere. The mixture was stirredfor 30 min until a clear yellow solution was obtained.In an argon-filled glovebox, another flame-dried 10 mL sealing tube equipped with a Teflonseptum and magnetic stir bar was charged with aryl iodide (0.5 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), Ni(dtbbpy)Br2(2.5 mg, 0.005 mmol, 1 mol%), tetrabutylammonium 4-toluenesulfonate (207 mg, 0.5 mmol, 1.0equiv.), the reaction vial was sealed tightly and removed from the glovebox, the previous clearalkyl zirconium reagent was transferred via syringe over 1 min to this reaction vial under anargon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was then stirred and irradiated with blue LEDs with afan placed above for cooling. After 24 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2, filteredthrough a short pat of silica gel, and concentrated in vacuum. Purification of the crude productby flash chromatography on silica gel afforded the desired product.Hexylbenzene |
Tags: 1077-16-3 synthesis path| 1077-16-3 SDS| 1077-16-3 COA| 1077-16-3 purity| 1077-16-3 application| 1077-16-3 NMR| 1077-16-3 COA| 1077-16-3 structure
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