[ CAS No. 405-50-5 ] {[proInfo.proName]}

Name: 405-50-5|2-(4-Fluorophenyl)acetic acid|98%
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Quality Control of [ 405-50-5 ]

COA NMR CNMR HPLC LC-MS

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SDS Specification

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Product Details of [ 405-50-5 ]

CAS No. :	405-50-5	MDL No. :	MFCD00004343
Formula :	C₈H₇FO₂	Boiling Point :	-
Linear Structure Formula :	-	InChI Key :	MGKPFALCNDRSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
M.W :	154.14	Pubchem ID :	9837
Synonyms :

Calculated chemistry of [ 405-50-5 ]

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms :	11
Num. arom. heavy atoms :	6
Fraction Csp3 :	0.12
Num. rotatable bonds :	2
Num. H-bond acceptors :	3.0
Num. H-bond donors :	1.0
Molar Refractivity :	37.94
TPSA :	37.3 Å²

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption :	High
BBB permeant :	Yes
P-gp substrate :	No
CYP1A2 inhibitor :	No
CYP2C19 inhibitor :	No
CYP2C9 inhibitor :	No
CYP2D6 inhibitor :	No
CYP3A4 inhibitor :	No
Log Kp (skin permeation) :	-6.14 cm/s

Lipophilicity

Log Po/w (iLOGP) :	1.36
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) :	1.55
Log Po/w (WLOGP) :	1.87
Log Po/w (MLOGP) :	2.09
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) :	1.96
Consensus Log Po/w :	1.77

Druglikeness

Lipinski :	0.0
Ghose :	None
Veber :	0.0
Egan :	0.0
Muegge :	1.0
Bioavailability Score :	0.56

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL) :	-2.04
Solubility :	1.39 mg/ml ; 0.00904 mol/l
Class :	Soluble
Log S (Ali) :	-1.94
Solubility :	1.76 mg/ml ; 0.0114 mol/l
Class :	Very soluble
Log S (SILICOS-IT) :	-2.44
Solubility :	0.561 mg/ml ; 0.00364 mol/l
Class :	Soluble

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS :	0.0 alert
Brenk :	0.0 alert
Leadlikeness :	1.0
Synthetic accessibility :	1.19

Safety of [ 405-50-5 ]

Signal Word:	Warning	Class:	N/A
Precautionary Statements:	P280	UN#:	N/A
Hazard Statements:	H315	Packing Group:	N/A
GHS Pictogram:

Application In Synthesis of [ 405-50-5 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

Upstream synthesis route of [ 405-50-5 ]
Downstream synthetic route of [ 405-50-5 ]

[ 405-50-5 ] Synthesis Path-Upstream 1~17

1
[ 64-17-5 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 587-88-2 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
100%	for 0.5 h; Heating / reflux	To a solution of p-fluorophenylacetic acid (50 g, 324 mmol)in absolute EtOH (300 mL) add catalytic p-toluene sulfonic acid (7 g) and heat the resulting mixture to reflux for 30 min. Concentrate the reaction in vacuo and purify by flash chromatography (100percent chloroform) to yield the desired product (59 g, 100percent) as a clear oil. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃)-consistent with structure; FDMS (M+) 182.
100%	Reflux	Several drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid were added to an ethanol (15 mL) solution of phenylaceticacid (770 mg, 5.00 mmol), and the mixture was refluxed with heating overnight.[0130] A saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture at 0°C until the aqueous layerbecame neutral.[0131] After evaporating ethanol, the organic layer was extracted with methylene chloride, dried over sodium sulfate,and filtered, and the solvent was evaporated to obtain an ethyl ester compound (colorless crystals) (910 mg, 100percent)
96%	for 8 h; Heating / reflux	A mixture of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (10.8 g, 70 mmol) and concentrated H2SO4 (1 ML) in ethanol (150 ML) was refluxed for 8 hours.. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was dissolved in ethyl ether.. The ether solution was washed with 10percent sodium bicarbonate, brine, dried over MgSO4, and concentrated in vacuo to provide the ethyl ester (yield: 12.2 g; 96percent).

Reference： [1] Patent: US2005/277677, 2005, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 6
[2] Patent: EP2808014, 2014, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0128; 0129
[3] Tetrahedron, 2005, vol. 61, # 24, p. 5754 - 5762
[4] Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2004, vol. 69, # 21, p. 7058 - 7065
[5] Patent: EP1206474, 2004, B1, . Location in patent: Page 11
[6] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1948, vol. 70, p. 2837,2842
[7] Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2017, vol. 54, # 2, p. 1423 - 1429
[8] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2017, vol. 25, # 14, p. 3736 - 3745
[9] RSC Advances, 2018, vol. 8, # 12, p. 6306 - 6314

2
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 587-88-2 ]

Reference： [1] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2003, vol. 125, # 46, p. 13948 - 13949
[2] Patent: WO2011/120153, 2011, A1,
[3] Patent: WO2008/76427, 2008, A2,

3
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 459-31-4 ]

Reference： [1] Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 2001, vol. 12, # 4, p. 585 - 596

4
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 332-42-3 ]

Reference： [1] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2006, vol. 16, # 18, p. 4752 - 4756
[2] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2001, vol. 11, # 4, p. 495 - 500
[3] Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 2001, vol. 12, # 4, p. 585 - 596
[4] Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 1998, vol. 9, # 15, p. 2725 - 2737
[5] Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1973, vol. 56, p. 2460 - 2479
[6] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2011, vol. 54, # 7, p. 2282 - 2292

5
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 13101-83-2 ]

Reference： [1] Australian Journal of Chemistry, 1970, vol. 23, p. 1921 - 1937

6
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 29419-14-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
50%	With thionyl chloride In dichloromethane; 1,2-dichloro-ethane	A. 3,4-Dihydro-6-fluoro-2(1H)-naphthalenone was prepared using a modified procedure of Stjernlof, P.; et. al. (J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 2202). A solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (10.0 g, 64.9 mmol) and thionyl chloride (11.8 mL, 0.162 mol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (150 mL) was heated at reflux for 4 h, in a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane and the solvent evaporated in vacuo (in order to remove excess thionyl chloride). The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (50 mL) and the solution was added dropwise, over 20 min, to a cooled suspension of aluminum chloride (21.6 g, 162 mmol) in dichloromethane (250 mL) at -10 to -5° C. The suspension was stirred at -10° C. for 10 min. Ethylene was bubbled rapidly through the suspension for 20 min at -10 to 5° C. Bubbling was continued at a very slow rate for the next 2 h while maintaining a temperature of -5° C. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice (100 g), and the organic layer was separated and washed twice with water and once with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the crude tetralone (13.2 g), as a yellow solid. The tetralone was used without purification in the subsequent reaction although a portion of the crude product was recrystallized from hexanes to give purified 3,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-2(1H)-naphthalenone as a colorless solid (-50percent recovery). ¹ H NMR (CDCl₃) δ2.55 (t, 2H), 3.05 (t, 2H), 3.54 (s, 2H), 6.85-6.97 (m, 2H) and 7.05-7.12 (m, 1H).

Reference： [1] Patent: US6140354, 2000, A,
[2] Synthetic Communications, 2003, vol. 33, # 13, p. 2215 - 2227
[3] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1995, vol. 38, # 12, p. 2202 - 2216
[4] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1993, vol. 36, # 17, p. 2485 - 2493
[5] Australian Journal of Chemistry, 1970, vol. 23, p. 1921 - 1937

7
[ 74-85-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 29419-14-5 ]

Reference： [1] Patent: US2002/137939, 2002, A1,
[2] Patent: EP1076644, 2004, B1, . Location in patent: Page 33-34; 36

8
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 34837-84-8 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
81%	With hydrogenchloride In 1,4-dioxane; methanol for 18 h; Heating / reflux	A solution of 2- (4-fluorophenyl) acetic acid (15.4 G, 0. 1 mol) in methanol (600 mL) was treated with a solution of hydrogen chloride in dioxane (4 N, 100 mL) followed by warming at reflux for 18 h. The solution was cooled and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was distilled under reduced pressure (55-58 °C/0. 5 mm Hg) to afford the title compound as colorless oil (13.6 g, 81percent).#x0;H NMR (300 MHZ, CDC13) : 8 3.60 (s, 2 H) 3.70 (s, 3 H) 7.02 (m, 2 H) 7.24 (m, 2 H).

Reference： [1] Patent: WO2005/19191, 2005, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 147
[2] Patent: US6307047, 2001, B1,
[3] Patent: US5686455, 1997, A,
[4] Tetrahedron Letters, 2015, vol. 56, # 31, p. 4634 - 4637
[5] Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 2018, vol. 57, # 12, p. 3233 - 3237[6] Angew. Chem., 2018, vol. 130, # 12, p. 3287 - 3291,5
[7] Patent: US5760018, 1998, A,
[8] Patent: US5519048, 1996, A,

9
[ 67-56-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 34837-84-8 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
98%	for 3 - 4 h; Heating / reflux	Example 5; To a dry MEOH solution (50 ML) containing 4-FLUOROPHENYLACETIC acid 5A (5 g, 0.0324 mole) was added a catalytic amount of 4-toluene sulfonicacid (0.324 mmole, 61 mg). The solution was refluxed for 4 h. The resultant solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to give pale-yellow syrup. The material was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL), and neutralized with NAHCO3 (1M, 5 mL). The organic layer was then washed with H20 (10 mLx2), followed by brine (10 mL), dried over MGS04 and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give a pale-yellow liquid. (5.33 g, 31.75 mmole, 98 percent, MS M+H = 169 found: 169, 1H NMR structure confirmed). The methyl ester (2. 0g, 11.9 mmole) was then added to a CCL4 solution (100 mL) containing NBS (2.33 g, 13.09 mmole). The reaction mixture was refluxed at 80 °C for 3 h to yield the brominated methyl ester 5b. The cooled solution was filtered through a pad of silica gel to remove excess SUCCINIMIDE, the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the resultant material was transferred to the next reaction without further purification. To an acetonitrile solution containing the amine (TBIA, 2.44 g (8.94 mmole) /15 mL ACN) was added the compound 5B (ca. 2 g). While the reaction mixture was stirred triethylamine was added dropwise (1.70 ML, 12.2 mmole 1.5 equiv. ). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 h. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and diluted with EtOAc (25 mL). The organic layer was treated with H2O, dried over MGS04, and filtered. The filtrate was then concentrated under reduced pressure to give the compound 5c, 3.29 g. Isobutyryl chloride (0.53 ML, 4.99 mmole in 5 mL DCM) was added dropwise to a chilled DCM solution (10 mL) containing the compound 5C (2.0 g, 4.54 mmole). While the reaction mixture was stirred, a triethylamine solution (1.27 ML, 2 equiv. in 5 mL DCM) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was agitated as it was warmed to room temperature for 2 h. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was treated with IN HCL (20 mL), followed by sat. NAHC03 (3 mL). The organic layer was then washed with water and brine, dried over MGS04, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give pale-yellow syrup. This was purified by a column chromatography using a gradient of EtOAc-Hexane mixture (from 0 to 25 percent of EtOAc). The isolated yield of the methyl ester was 2.10 g, 4.13 mmole, 90.9 percent. The methyl ester (250 mg, 0.50 mmole) was dissolved in a LIOH solution (1M, THF : water (5: 1) mixture), and vigorously stirred for 3 h. The reaction mixture was neutralized to pH 7 by titrating it with 1N HCL solution. The desired product was then extracted with EtOAc (20 mL). The organic layer was washed with H2O and brine, dried over MgS04, and filtered. The filtrate was then evaporated under reduced pressure to give a white amorphous material 5 (200 mg, 0.40 mmole, 80 percent, MS M+H = 496 found: 496, LU NMR structure confirmed).; Intermediate 1; A solution of 100 g (0.64 mol) OF 4-FLUOROPHENYLACETIC ACID, 0.5 g (2.6 mmol) of P-TOLUENESULFONIC acid in 600 ml of methanol was refluxed with stirring for 3h. After cooling, the reaction was concentrated and the residue taken up in ethyl acetate. Organics washed with a saturated NAHC03 solution, water, and brine. Dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to yield 101.5 grams of a clear liquid. MS AP+ 169.0 (M+1), AP-167.0 (M-1).
84%	at 70℃; for 7 h; Reflux; Inert atmosphere	Step 1: To the solution 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (700 mg, 43.4 mmol) in methanol was slowly added sulfuric acid (0.42 mL,4.34 mmol,0.1 eq) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 3 h at 70° C. under N₂TLC showed complete consumption of starting material. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. Solvent was removed in vacuo and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic part was washed with brine. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude product which was purified by column chromatography to methyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (660 mg, 84percent).
84%	for 3 h; Reflux; Inert atmosphere	Step 1 : To the solution 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (700 mg, 43.4 mmol ) in methanol was slowly added sulfuric acid (0.42 ml_,4.34 mmol, 0.1 eq) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 3 h at 70 °C under N_2. TLC showed complete consumption of starting material. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. Solvent was removed in vacuo and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic part was washed with brine. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude product which was purified by column chromatography to methyl 2- (4-fluorophenyl)acetate (660 mg, 84 percent).

81%	With hydrogenchloride In 1,4-dioxane for 18 h; Heating / reflux	EXAMPLE 14A Methyl(4-fluorophenyl)acetate A solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (15.4 g, 0.1 mol) in methanol (600 mL) was treated with a solution of hydrogen chloride in dioxane (4 N, 100 mL) followed by warming at reflux for 18 h. The solution was cooled and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was distilled under reduced pressure (55-58° C./0.5 mm Hg) to afford the title compound as colorless oil (13.6 g, 81percent). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 3.60 (s, 2H) 3.70 (s, 3H) 7.02 (m, 2H) 7.24 (m, 2H).
80%	Reflux	General procedure: To an appropriately substituted phenylacetic acid (10 mmol) dissolved in dried methanol (50 mL), concentrated sulfuric acid (0.5 mL) was added dropwise.The mixture was refluxed from 7 to 9 h. Next, the solvent was evaporated, and residue was dissolved in 40 mL of ethyl acetate, washed with 0.5percent NaOH andbrine. Organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and filtered. The solvent was evaporated to give the products as colorless oils.
75%	for 16 h; Reflux	2-(4-Fluorophenyl)acetic acid 12c (5.00 g, 32.4 mmol) was dissolved in CH₃OH (6.5 mL). Conc. H₂SO₄ (0.3 mL) was added and the mixture was headed to reflux overnight. Water was added, the organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with Et₂O (3*). The combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and water to remove the acid. Then the organic layers were dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, R_f = 0.23 (CH₂Cl₂/EtOAc 40:60). Colorless oil, yield 4.07 g (75percent). C₉H₉FO₂ (168.2 g/mol). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] = 3.60 (s, 2H, PhCH₂), 3.69 (s, 3H, CO₂CH₃), 6.96-7.05 (m, 2H, 3-H_arom, 5-H_arom), 7.19-7.28 (m, 2H, 2-H_arom, 4-H_arom). ¹³C NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] = 40.3 (1C, CH₂), 52.1 (1C, CO₂CH₃), 115.4 (d, J = 21.3 Hz, 2C, C-3_arom, C-5_arom), 129.6 (d, J = 3.4 Hz, 1C, C-1_arom), 130.8 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2C, C-2_arom, C-6_arom), 162.0 (d, J = 241.5 Hz, 1C, C-4_arom), 174.9 (1C, C=O). MS (APCI): m/z = 169.0654 (calcd 169.0659 for C₉H₁₀FO₂ [MH⁺]). IR: [cm^-1] = 2955 (C-H), 1736 (C=O), 1153 (C-F_arom), 822 (C-H_arom).
22 g	at 20℃; for 24 h;	20g of p-fluorophenylacetic acid was added to 400ml of methanol, Add 2 g of methylbenzenesulfonic acid, Stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, concentrate, Add water and ethyl acetate extraction, Liquid separation, dry, concentrate, The residue was separated on the column to give 22 g of methyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate.

Reference： [1] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2003, vol. 11, # 13, p. 2843 - 2866
[2] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2005, vol. 13, # 15, p. 4694 - 4703
[3] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2008, vol. 18, # 3, p. 1151 - 1156
[4] Patent: WO2005/14539, 2005, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 57-59; 68-69
[5] Tetrahedron, 2002, vol. 58, # 51, p. 10113 - 10126
[6] Organic letters, 2002, vol. 4, # 3, p. 371 - 373
[7] Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2009, vol. 74, # 6, p. 2598 - 2600
[8] Patent: US2013/79320, 2013, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0668; 0669
[9] Patent: WO2013/45451, 2013, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 102
[10] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2015, vol. 137, # 32, p. 10246 - 10253
[11] Patent: US2005/107364, 2005, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 74
[12] Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016, vol. 81, # 15, p. 6808 - 6815
[13] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2017, vol. 135, p. 117 - 124
[14] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2015, vol. 23, # 14, p. 4034 - 4049
[15] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2000, vol. 10, # 16, p. 1893 - 1895
[16] Tetrahedron, 2008, vol. 64, # 22, p. 5072 - 5078
[17] Organic Letters, 2010, vol. 12, # 17, p. 3736 - 3739
[18] Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2010, vol. 31, # 8, p. 2315 - 2321
[19] Comptes Rendus Chimie, 2011, vol. 14, # 12, p. 1071 - 1079
[20] Chemical Communications, 2012, vol. 48, # 79, p. 9936 - 9938
[21] Research on Chemical Intermediates, 2012, vol. 38, # 8, p. 1827 - 1837
[22] Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2012, vol. 33, # 12, p. 3943 - 3949
[23] Patent: WO2013/104829, 2013, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 23; 24
[24] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2014, vol. 24, # 7, p. 1677 - 1680
[25] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2015, vol. 25, # 3, p. 481 - 484
[26] Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis, 2015, vol. 357, # 11, p. 2479 - 2484
[27] New Journal of Chemistry, 2016, vol. 40, # 7, p. 6109 - 6119
[28] Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 2017, vol. 56, # 14, p. 3987 - 3991[29] Angew. Chem., 2017, vol. 129, # 14, p. 4045 - 4049,5
[30] Patent: WO2017/49069, 2017, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 00197
[31] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2017, vol. 25, # 14, p. 3719 - 3735
[32] Chemical Communications, 2017, vol. 53, # 75, p. 10429 - 10432
[33] Patent: CN107286069, 2017, A, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0023; 0024
[34] Journal of Chemistry, 2017, vol. 2017,
[35] Organic Letters, 2018, vol. 20, # 10, p. 2997 - 3000
[36] Organic Letters, 2018, vol. 20, # 24, p. 7888 - 7892

10
[ 18107-18-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 34837-84-8 ]

Reference： [1] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2003, vol. 13, # 1, p. 119 - 123

11
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 34547-28-9 ]

Reference： [1] Patent: WO2011/120153, 2011, A1,
[2] Patent: WO2011/120153, 2011, A1,
[3] Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2012, vol. 33, # 12, p. 3943 - 3949
[4] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2014, vol. 24, # 7, p. 1677 - 1680
[5] Patent: EP2808014, 2014, A1,
[6] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2015, vol. 25, # 3, p. 481 - 484
[7] Medicinal Chemistry, 2014, vol. 10, # 8, p. 810 - 823
[8] Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2017, vol. 54, # 2, p. 1423 - 1429
[9] Journal of Molecular Structure, 2017, vol. 1138, p. 177 - 191
[10] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2017, vol. 25, # 14, p. 3736 - 3745
[11] RSC Advances, 2018, vol. 8, # 12, p. 6306 - 6314
[12] Journal of Chemistry, 2017, vol. 2017,

12
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1324397-22-9 ]
[ 34547-28-9 ]

Reference： [1] Patent: WO2011/120153, 2011, A1,

13
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 459-28-9 ]

Reference： [1] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2013, vol. 135, # 19, p. 7304 - 7311

14
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 75908-73-5 ]

Reference： [1] Organic letters, 2002, vol. 4, # 3, p. 371 - 373
[2] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1994, vol. 37, # 11, p. 1704 - 1711

15
[ 74-88-4 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 75908-73-5 ]

Reference： [1] Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 2017, vol. 56, # 42, p. 13145 - 13149[2] Angew. Chem., 2017, vol. 129, # 42, p. 13325 - 13329,5

16
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 192508-36-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
90%	at 0℃; for 1 h;	Treat a 0°C solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (3 g, 19.46 mmol) in H₂S0₄ (20 mL) drop wise with nitric acid (0.913 mL, 20.44 mmol) and stir for 1 h. Pour the mixture onto ice, extract with DCM (2x), wash the combined organics with brine, dry over MgS0₄ and concentrate to dryness to afford the title compound (3.48 g, 90percent>). MS (ESI) m/z: 198.1 (M-H⁺).
74%	at 0℃; for 1 h;	At 0°C, to a solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (30 g, 0.19 mol) in cone. H₂S0₄ (250 ml_) was added KN0₃ (19.6 g, 0.19 mmol) portionwise. After stirred at 0°C for 1 hr, the resulting mixture was slowly poured into ice water. The precipitated solid was filtered and dried to give the title compound (28.8 g, 74percent yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/z calcd for C₈H₆FN0₄: 199.03. Found: 200.22 (M+1 )⁺.
59%	at 0℃; for 3.5 h;	4-fluorophenylacetic acid (6G, 38.9 MMOL) was suspended in 50 ML H2SO4 conc. And cooled to 0°C. To this suspension was added dropwise 1.75 mi HNO3 during 30 min. and then the reaction mixture was striired at 0°C for another 3h. The yellow mixture was poured into is-water and the corresponding white crystals 4-FLUOR- 3-nitrophenylacetic acid 4. 55G, 59percent was collected and dried.

Reference： [1] Patent: WO2013/134298, 2013, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 35
[2] Patent: WO2018/116107, 2018, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 25-26
[3] Patent: WO2004/89912, 2004, A1, . Location in patent: Page 25
[4] Patent: US6218547, 2001, B1,
[5] Patent: WO2013/131408, 2013, A1, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 59

17
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 226888-37-5 ]

Reference： [1] Patent: WO2013/131408, 2013, A1,
[2] Patent: WO2018/116107, 2018, A1,

[ 405-50-5 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream 1~88

1
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 459-04-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
90% - 99%Chromat.	With oxalyl dichloride;N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In toluene; at 20 - 35℃; for 2.7 - 7h;Product distribution / selectivity;	Into a suitable agitated reactor is charged 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (79.4 kg, 515 mol), N,N-dimethylformamide (0.5 kg, 6.8 mol), and toluene (318 kg). Oxalyl chloride (68.3 kg, 538 mol) is added at a rate as to maintain the temperature below 35C. The solution is stirred for at least 7 hours at about 25C, typically affording a 22.1 wt % solution of 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride.1 A suitable reactor is charged with 4-(2,3-dimethoxybenzoyl)piperidine (16) (20.4 kg, 86.3 mol, ~ 20 wt % in toluene), 50 wt% sodium hydroxide solution (11.6 kg, 145 mol) and about 29 kg of water. The mixture is cooled to about 10C. The 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride- toluene solution (17.0 kg, 90.2 mol) is added at a rate as to maintain the temperature below 25C. The addition line is flushed with about 10 kg of toluene and the mixture is held for at least 30 minutes at about 25C.2 The phases are separated and the organic phase is washed with 20 wt% sodium chloride solution (29 kg). The organic solution is concentrated by vacuum distillation to approximately 1/3 of its original volume3 and is used as a toluene solution in Example 87, Scheme I, step a. 1The solution is sampled and analyzed by HPLC assay to determine the wt % of 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride and yield.2The mixture is sampled and analyzed by HPLC assay to confirm the formation of-[1-oxo-1-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-N-2-(4-fluorophen-1-oxo-ethyl)piperidine (4).3The concentrate is sampled and weighted to determine the amount of 4-[1-oxo-1-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-N-2-(4-fluorophen-1-oxo-ethyl)piperidine (4) by HPLC analysis. The water content is determined by Karl Fischer analysis if the water content is greater than 300 ppm additional toluene may be added and the distillation continued.; Example 112 Scheme M, step a: 4-[1-Hydroxy-1-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl)methyl]-N-2-(4-fluorophen-1-oxo-ethyl)piperidine (20) Into a suitable reactor is charged 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (122.5 kg, 795 mol), N,N-dimethylformamide (0.37 kg, 5.1 mol), and toluene (490 kg). Oxalyl chloride (105.2 kg, 829 mol) is added at a rate to maintain the temperature at about 35C. The solution is stirred for at least 7 hours at about 25C, typically affording a solution of about 22.1 wt% 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride (99% yield as determined by HPLC assay).; Example 113a Scheme M, step a: 4-[1-Hydroxy-1-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-N-2-(4-fluorophen-1-oxo-ethyl)piperidine (20) Into a 1-L three-neck flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, an addition funnel, and a nitrogen bubbler vented to a water scrubber was placed 60.0 g (0.389 mol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid, 0.18 g, 0.002 mol) of N,N-dimethylformamide and 250 g of toluene. The addition funnel was charged with 50.4 g (0.397 mol) of oxalyl chloride and added to the reaction mixture over a 10 minute period resulting in gas evolution (4.7C exotherm was observed). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2.5 hours (gas evolution complete) and the head space of the reaction flask was sparged with nitrogen for 10 minutes before storing the material. HPLC assay of the solution indicated that 19.1 wt % of the solution was 4-fluoroacetyl chloride, thus affording a 99% yield. Purification of crude 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride by vacuum distillation (57-58C, 0.15 mm Hg) affords 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride as a clear liquid in 90% yield. 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 7.25-7.21 (m, 2H, aromatic), 7.05 (t, 2H, J=8.6 Hz, aromatic), 4.11 (s, 2H, -CH2); 13C NMR (CDCl3) δ 171.6, 164.2, 160.9, 131.2, 131.1, 127.1, 127.0, 116.4, 115.7, 52.1.
75%	With oxalyl dichloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 1h;	(A-125) To a methylene chloride(100ml) solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid(10.0g, 64.9mmol) and dimethylformamide(0.5ml), oxalyl chloride(9.06g, 71.4mmol) was added dropwise at room temperature and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour, which was evaporated under reduced pressure.. The residue was distilled to give (4-fluorophenyl)acetyl chloride(8.44g, yield:75%). Boiling point:80C/15MmHg
	With thionyl chloride; at 50 - 100℃; for 0.5 - 1h;Product distribution / selectivity;	4-Fluorophenyl acetate (169 mg, 1.1 mmol) was dissolved in thionyl chloride (651 mg, 5.48 mmol), followed by stirring at 100 C. for 1 hr. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature, and thionyl chloride was evaporated under a reduced pressure. The resultant residue was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 ml), and then potassium thiocyanate (213 mg, 2.19 mmol) was added thereto, followed by stirring at 50 C. for 1 hr. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature, and then 4-(4-amino-2-fluorophenoxy)pyridin-2-ylamine (160 mg, 0.912 mmol) was then added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 59.5 hrs. The reaction mixture was partitioned between water (50 ml) and ethyl acetate (100 ml). The organic layer was washed with brine, and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated to give a residue, which was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (Fuji Silysia NH, hexane:ethyl acetate=1:2, ethyl acetate, and then ethyl acetate:methanol=10:1) to provide the titled compound (84.6 mg, 28%) as yellow powder. ESI-MS (m/z): 415 [M+H]+.

150.4 g (89.5%)	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene;	Step A 4-Fluorophenylacetyl chloride A solution of 150 g (0.974 mol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid an 1 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide in 500 mL of toluene at 40 C. was treated with 20 mL of thionyl chloride and heated to 400 C. An additional 61.2 mL of thionyl chloride was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. After the addition, the solution was heated at 50 C. for 1 hour, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residual oil was distilled at reduced pressure (1.5 mmHg) to afford 150.4 g (89.5%) of the title compound, bp=68-70 C.
150.4 g (89.5%)	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene;	Step A' 4-Fluorophenylacetyl chloride A solution of 150 g (0.974 mol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid an 1 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide in 500 mL of toluene at 40 C. was treated with 20 mL of thionyl chloride and heated to 40 C. An additional 61.2 mL of thionyl chloride was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. After the addition, the solution was heated at 50 C. for 1 hour, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residual oil was distilled at reduced pressure (1.5 mmHg) to afford 150.4 g (89.5%) of the title compound, bp=68-70 C.
150.4 g (89.5%)	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene;	Step A': 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride A solution of 150 g (0.974 mol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid an 1 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide in 500 mL of toluene at 40 C. was treated with 20 mL of thionyl chloride and heated to 40 C. An additional 61.2 mL of thionyl chloride was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. After the addition, the solution was heated at 50 C. for 1 hour, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residual oil was distilled at reduced pressure (1.5 mmHg) to afford 150.4 g (89.5%) of the title compound, bp=68-70 C.
150.4 g (89.5%)	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene;	Step A' 4-Fluorophenylacetyl chloride A solution of 150 g (0.974 mol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid an 1 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide in 500 mL of toluene at 40 C. was treated with 20 mL of thionyl chloride and heated to 40 C. An additional 61.2 mL of thionyl chloride was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. After the addition, the solution was heated at 50 C. for 1 hour, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residual oil was distilled at reduced pressure (1.5 mmHg) to afford 150.4 g (89.5%) of the title compound, bp=68-70 C.
150.4 g (89.5%)	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene;	Step A': 4-Fluorophenylacetyl chloride A solution of 150 g (0.974 mol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid an 1 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide in 500 mL of toluene at 40 C. was treated with 20 mL of thionyl chloride and heated to 40 C. An additional 61.2 mL of thionyl chloride was added dropwise over 1.5 hours. After the addition, the solution was heated at 50 C. for 1 hour, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residual oil was distilled at reduced pressure (1.5 mmHg) to afford 150.4 g (89.5%) of the title compound, bp=68-70 C.
	With thionyl chloride; In toluene;	(a) p-Fluorophenylacetic acid (20 g) was stirred with thionyl chloride (30 ml) at room temperature for 5 hours. The excess of thionyl chloride was then removed under reduced pressure. The remaining oil was dissolved in toluene, and the toluene then removed under reduced pressure. The remaining oil was distilled (b.p. 41-42/0.1 mm) to give p-fluorophenylacetyl chloride (19.74 g).
	With thionyl chloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In toluene; at 6 - 70℃; for 3.5h;	EXAMPLE 1 Process to Ketone Step 1: 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide (2) Summary: This reaction gives consistently high yield and high purity of material. No major side products have been identified. The final product is an oil (typically clear or slightly yellow) and is isolated with the above purity profile from the crude work up. Procedure: FW: Amt. Moles Equiv. 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (1) 154 5.0 kg 32.47 mol 1.0 eq. DMF 73.1 48 mL 0.65 mol 0.02 eq. SOCl2 119 2.84 L 38.96 mol 1.2 eq. Weinreb amine-HCl 97.5 4.75 kg 48.70 mol 1.5 eq. NaOH 4.0 M 32.47 L 129.87 mol 4.0 eq. Toluene - 49.19 L - Brine - 64.92 L - A 100 L extractor equipped with a reflux condenser, and a base scrubber was charged with toluene (49.2 L, KF100 ppm) and 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (1) was added (5.0 kg). This solution was heated to 70 C. Once 70 C. was reached the DMF (48 mL, KF150 ppm) was added and thionyl chloride (2.8 L) was slowly added over 3 hours. Batch temperature will decrease while thionyl chloride is added. Typical temperature changes range from 6-10 C. When all thionyl chloride has been added and off-gassing has ceased (typically 30 min. after addition is complete) an aliquot of the batch was quenched into excess methanol for HPLC analysis as the methyl ester. Reaction is done when acid 1 is at <0.5 LCAP. Next the reaction was cooled to 5-10 C. The Weinreb amine-HCl (4.75 kg) was added to the batch at this point. Slow addition of NaOH (32.5 L) was begun at this point. This base was added at a rate that maintained the batch temperature at or below 10 C. with a typical addition time of 3 hours. Once this addition was done an aliquot of the batch was quenched into MeOH and assayed by HPLC to check for complete consumption of the acid chloride. Complete consumption of the acid chloride (in the form of the methyl ester after this quench) should be seen. Additional base can be added if the acid chloride is still present. The biphasic solution was separated at between 5 C. and room temperature and the organic phase was washed with 15 wt. % NaCl (aq) (2×32.5 L). Typical assay yield of the organic phase was 96%. The organic phase was concentrated to a 50 wt. % solution (typical KF500 ppm).
	With thionyl chloride; In toluene; at 105℃; for 16h;	Step B: I-[(4-FluorophenyI)acetyl]piperidine4-FluorophenyIacetic acid (280g, 1.82mol) was suspended in 1.9L toluene followed by the careful addition of 185mL thionyl chloride (303g, 2.545mol). The reaction was heated to 1050C for 16hr (overnight). The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature and the volatiles were removed in vacuo. The crude acid chloride was dissolved in 1.9L THF, cooled to 00C, and 0.72L piperidine (618g, 7.27mol) was added. The reaction vessel was allowed to warm to ambient temperature for 18hr. The mixture was quenched with a saturated solution of aq. NaHCθ3 and extracted several times withEtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO^ and filtered on a <n="21"/>fritted funnel. The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the crude residue was purified on silica gel and eluted with a mixture of EtOAc/heptanes (0-75% gradient elution). This furnished the title compound. 1H-NMR (CDCI3): δ 1.32-1.42 (m, 2H), 1.48-1.64 (m, 4H), 3.34-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.69(s, 2H), 6.90-7.05 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.24 (m, 2H) ppm.
	With oxalyl dichloride;N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In tetrahydrofuran; at 20℃; for 1h;	To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (9.9 g) in THF (100 ml) was added DMF (5 drops) and then oxalyl chloride (9.0 ml) was added at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hr. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride. Aluminum chloride (16.0 g) was added to a suspension of 2H-1, 4-benzoxazin-3 (4H) -one (8.0 g) in 1, 2-dichloroethane (100 ml) under ice-cooling and then 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride obtained above was added. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 12 hr, then poured into ice-cooled water (200 ml) and the resulting crystals were collected by filtration. The crystals were suspended in methanol and the mixture was refluxed for 1 hr. After cooling the mixture, the resulting crystals were collected by filtration. The title compound was obtained as crystals (5.45 g) .
	With thionyl chloride; at 60℃; for 1h;	4-Fluorophenylacetic acid [starting compound B] (15 g) was dissolved in thionyl chloride (15 ml) to prepare a solution which was then heated at 60C for one hr. Excess thionyl chloride was removed by evaporation under the reduced pressure to give 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride.
	With oxalyl dichloride;N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 1 - 2.1h;Product distribution / selectivity;	Scheme 1; 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)acetyl isothiocyanate (2); Method A (For the Method B see scheme 20); To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (1) (25 g, 162 mmol) in DCM (75 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (28.4 mL, 324 mmol) and 3-4 drops of DMF. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for Ih - 2h and concentrated to produce 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl chloride (Ia) (yellow oil) <n="95"/>that was re-dissolved in toluene (100 mL). To this solution was added lead(II) thiocyanate (55.0 g, 170 mmol). The mixture was heated to reflux for 1.5h - 2h, cooled down, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was applied onto a silica gel pad (20 cm) and eluted with EtOAc / hexanes (1/9), to afford after evaporation of the solvents title compound 2 (31 g, 98% yield) as a yellow oil. MS (m/z): 228.1 (M+H+MeOH). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSOd6) δ (ppm): 7.26-7.22 (m, 2H), 7.09-7.07 (m, 2H), 3.84 (s, 2H).; Step 5: tert-butyl (6-(7-(2-fluoro-4-(3-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)thioureido)phenoxy)thieno[3,2- ]pyridin-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)methyl(2-methoxyethyl)carbamate (14); To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (1, scheme 1) (26.5 g, 172 mmol) in DCM (93 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (2 eq., 30.1 mL, 344 mmol) over 5 min and DMF (0.005 eq., 0.067 mL, 0.86 mmol) over 1 min. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t for 2h then concentrated. The residual DCM was removed as an azeotrope with toluene (2x 20 mL) to afford intermediate 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl chloride (Ia) (30.85 g, 179 mmol, assumed quantitative yield) as yellow oil. Part of that material was used as is in the next step.
	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene; at 70℃; for 3h;	A lOO L extractor equipped with a reflux condenser, and a base scrubber was charged with toluene (49.2 L, KF< 100 ppm) and 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (1) was added (5.0 kg). This solution was heated to 70 C. Once 70 "C was reached the DMF (48 mL, KF< 150ppm) was added and thionyl chloride (2.8 L) was slowly added over 3 hours. EPO <DP n="15"/>Batch temperature will decrease while thionyl chloride is added. Typical temperature changes range from 6-10 C.When all thionyl chloride has been added and off-gassing has ceased (typically 30 min. after addition is complete) an aliquot of the batch was quenched into excess methanol for HPLC analysis as the methyl ester.Reaction is done when acid 1 is at <0.5 LCAP.Next the reaction was cooled to 5-10 "C. The Weinreb amine-HCl (4.75 kg) was added to the batch at this point. Slow addition of NaOH (32.5 L) was begun at this point. This base was added at a rate that maintained the batch temperature at or below 10 "C with a typical addition time of 3 hours. Once this addition was done an aliquot of the batch was quenched into MeOH and assayed by HPLC to check for complete consumption of the acid chloride.Complete consumption of the acid chloride (in the form of the methyl ester after this quench) should be seen. Additional base can be added if the acid chloride is still present.The biphasic solution was separated at between 5 C and room temperature and the organic phase was washed with 15 wt. % NaCl (aq) (2 x 32.5 L).Typical assay yield of the organic phase was 96%.The organic phase was concentrated to a 50 wt. % solution (typical KF < 500 ppm).
	With oxalyl dichloride;N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In tert-butyl methyl ether; at 20℃; for 0.833333h;	4-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-2-methyl-buta-2,3-dienoic acid ethyl ester To a solution of (4-fluoro-phenyl)-acetic acid (22.33 g, 144.9 mmol) in 100 mL of methyl tert-butyl ether and 250 μL of DMF was added 13.02 mL (146.3 mmol) of oxalyl chloride at room temperature dropwise over 30 minutes. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for an additional 20 minutes (HPLC indicated completed reaction), and then the entire solution was added dropwise over 1 hour to a solution of N,N-diisopropylethylamine (50.48 mL, 289.8 mmol) and ethyl 2-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)propionate (50.0 g, 138.0 mmol) in 100 mL of methyl tert-butyl ether, while maintaining the internal temperature between 0-15 C. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 10 minutes at 0-10 C., when HPLC indicated a completed reaction. The reaction mixture was then diluted with 100 mL of heptane, and stirred for 30 minutes at 0-10 C. The resulting solid was filtered and washed with 2*100 mL of 1:1 methyl tert-butyl ether:heptane.
	With oxalyl dichloride;N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In tert-butyl methyl ether; at 20℃; for 0.833333h;	To a solution of (4-fluoro-phenyl)-acetic acid (22.33 g, 144.9 mmol) in 100 ml_ of methyl terf-butyl ether and 250 μl_ of DMF was added 13.02 ml_ (146.3 mmol) of oxalyl chloride at room temperature dropwise over 30 minutes. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for an additional 20 minutes (HPLC indicated completed reaction), and then the entire solution was added dropwise over 1 hour to a solution of Λ/,Λ/-diisopropylethylamine (50.48 ml_, 289.8 mmol) and ethyl 2- (thphenylphosphoranylidene)propionate (50.0 g, 138.0 mmol) in 100 ml_ of methyl terf-butyl ether, while maintaining the internal temperature between 0-15 C. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 10 minutes at 0-10 C, when HPLC indicated a completed reaction. The reaction mixture was then diluted with 100 mL of heptane, and stirred for 30 minutes at 0- 10 C. The resulting solid was filtered and washed with 2x 100 mL of 1 :1 methyl tert- butyl etheϖheptane. The filtrate and the washings were combined and washed with 100 mL of water, 100 mL of 1 M citric acid, 2x100 mL of water, then concentrated azeotropically at 25 C/60 mmHg to a total volume of -40 mL. The residue was diluted with 60 ml_ of methyl te/t-butyl ether. This solution was then directly used for the next step.
	With thionyl chloride; for 4h;Heating / reflux;Product distribution / selectivity;	p-Fluorophenylacetic acid (31.4 g, 0.203 mol) is treated with SOCl2 (45 mL, 0.62 mol) and the resulting solution is heated at reflux for 4 hours. The reaction mixture is diluted with toluene and concentrated by distillation to remove remaining SOCl2. When the temperature of the distillate reaches 114C, the distillation is discontinued and the reaction mixture cooled to ambient temperature.
	With thionyl chloride; for 2h;Reflux;	4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (900 mg) was dissolved in thionyl chloride (5 mL), and the solution was refluxed under heating for 2 hours. The reaction system was concentrated under reduced pressure and azeotroped with toluene, to thereby yield 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride as a crude product. This acid chloride was dissolved in acetonitrile (20 mL), and potassium thioisocyanate (851 mg) was added to the solution, followed by stirring at 70 C. for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. Subsequently, the product was separated with saturated aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate (100 mL) and ethyl acetate (50 mL). The organic layer was washed with saturated brine (100 mL) and dried over sodium sulfate, followed by concentration under reduced pressure, to thereby yield 4-fluorophenylacetyl thioisocyanate. This thioisocyanate was not subjected to further purification and dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL). A solution (20 mL) of compound 1c (374 mg) in tetrahydrofuran was added to the thioisocyanate solution and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the formed solid was filtrated, to thereby yield compound 19a (452 mg, yield: 79%).1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ: 12.47(1H,s), 11.82(1H,s), 8.73(1H,s), 8.65(1H,d,J=4.4 Hz), 7.95(1H, dd,J=11.2 Hz, 2.8 Hz), 7.49(1H,s), 7.43-7.40(1H,m), 7.31-7.25(3H,m), 7.15(2H,m), 6.42(1H,dd,J=5.2 Hz, 1.2 Hz), 4.03(3H,s), 3.74(2H,s), 1.64(9H,s); ESI-MS m/z 580(MH+).
	With thionyl chloride; In benzene; at 80℃; for 3h;	The chemicals were purchased from the commercial venders and were used without purification. The reactions were monitored and the purity of the product was checked by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Silica gel 60 F254 chromatoplates were used for TLC. The solvent systems were chloroform/methanol (15:1). Thionyl chloride (1.5 ml) and 4-fluorophenyl acetic acid (0.5 mmol) were refluxed in benzene (5 ml) at 80 for 3 h, and then excess thionyl chloride was removed in vacuo [27]. The residue was dissolved in ether (10 ml) and the solution added during 1 h to a stirred, ice-cold mixture of 2-amino-5-nitrophenol (0.5 mmol), sodiumbicarbonate (0.5 mmol), diethyl ether (10 ml), and water (10 ml). The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature and filtered. After the precipitate was washed with water, 2 N HCl and water, respectively, and finally with ether, compound was obtained. The crude product was purified by recrystallization from ethanol.
	With thionyl chloride; at 80℃; for 1h;Product distribution / selectivity;	Synthesis of (4-Fluoro-phenyl) -acetic acid hydrazide; (4-Fluoro-phenyl)-acetyl chloride was readily prepared from thecorresponding acid by refluxing the acid in thionyl chloride for 1 h. However, the acid chloride was too reactive. Addition of hydrazine hydrate to a solution of the acid chloride gave only the dimer. Reverse addition of acid chloride to hydrazine hydrate at 0 C gave the desired hydrazide with some dimer. The acid chloride was then transformed to the corresponding ethyl ester. Reaction of the ethyl ester with 2 equiv. of hydrazine hydrate in refluxing EtOH gave cleanly the (4-Fluoro-phenyl)-acetic acid hydrazide in 76% yield. The results are summarized below.
	With oxalyl dichloride; In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃;Inert atmosphere;	General procedure: Acid (1 equiv) was placed in a round bottom flask and flushed with Ar (2x). Anhydrous DCM (7 mL) was then added followed by the dropwise addition of oxalylchloride (2 M in DCM, 3.1 equiv). After a few minutes, a few drops of anhydrous DMF were added to the reaction mixture and once the fizzing stopped, the reaction was allowed to stir overnight at R.T. Solvent was then evaporated using reduced pressure and the crude residue was used right away without any further purification.
	With thionyl chloride; at 80℃; for 3h;	General procedure: For the synthesis of compounds 4a-4h and 5a-5h was depicted in Scheme 2. Firstly, 2-phenylacetic acid (1 mmol) and SOCl2 (4-6 mL) were refluxed at 80 C for 3 h. The reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature and then evaporated to give reactive acyl chloride. The product was obtained as an oil matter, which would be dissolved in acetone (5-6 mL) in the next step. Treatment of 3a (5-phenylthiazol-2-amine) with 2-phenylacetyl chloride in acetone for 5 h at ice-bath afforded the aimed amine. Meanwhile, K2CO3 (0.8 g) was added to the mixture. Then the mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and the resulting solid was washed with diluted NaOH liquid. The aimed amide was extracted from the NaOH liquid with ethyl acetate for column chromatography. Column chromatography was performed using silica gel (200-300 mesh) eluting with ethyl acetate and petroleum ether to give the aimed amine (4a). Compounds of 4b-4h and 5a-5h could begot with corresponding acids by the procedures above.
	With thionyl chloride; for 3h;Reflux;	A solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (5.0 g, 32.5 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in SOCl2 (30 mL) was heated for 3 hr at reflux in a 50-mL round-bottom flask. Most of SOCl2 was removed under vacuum, and the residue was added dropwise into a solution of AlCl3 (12.8 g, 96.2 mmol, 3.00 equiv) and fluorobenzene (6.1 g, 63.54 mmol, 2.00 equiv) in DCM (20 mL) at 0 C. The resulting solution was allowed to react, with stirring, for 2 hrs at room temperature.
	With thionyl chloride; In dichloromethane; at 0℃;Reflux;	Example 2 Preparation of Intermediate Compound 2 Step A - Synthesis of Intermediate Compound 2b To a solution of compound 2a (100 g, 0.65 mol) in anhydrous DCM (1 L) was added SOCI2 (200 mL) dropwise at 0 C under a drying tube charged with CaCl2. After the addition, the mixture was heated to reflux and stirred overnight. The reaction was done in 2 batches, which were combined and concentrated in vacuo to provide crude compound 2b as an oil.
	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene; at 70℃;	The method of Kuethe et al. is depicted in FIG. 1. Briefly, commercially available 4-fluorophenylacetic acid g (Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, St. Louis, Mo.) is reacted with thionyl chloride in DMF/toluene to yield acid chloride (2). The acid chloride (6) is then reacted with the hydrochloride salt of the Weinreb amine (CH3NHOCH3.HCl) in the presence of sodium hydroxide to give 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide (4). A vinyl Grignard reaction converts (4) to 1-(4-fluorophenyl)but-3-en-2-one (5). TES dienyl ether (6) is produced from the reaction of (5) with chlorotriethylsilane (TESCl) in the presence of iPr2NEt2.
	With trichlorophosphate; In 1,2-dichloro-ethane; for 3h;Reflux;	General procedure: Aralkanoic acid chlorides 2a-g were synthesized by the reaction of aralkanoic acid 1a-g (1 mmol) in the presence of 1,2-dichloroethane (12 mL) solvent and phosphorous oxychloride(0.4 mL) chlorinating agent under reflux for 3hours. Then, the resulting solution was cooled to room temperature, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressureto afford aralkanoic acid chloride 2a-g, which was directly used in the next step without further purification. Acid chloride 2a-g was dissolved in acetonitrile (80 mL), addeddropwise to a solution containing hydrazine hydrate(1 mmol), TEA (0.5 mL) and acetonitrile (20 mL) and allowed to reflux for 3 hours with monitoring by TLC. After consumption of the starting material, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. Evaporation of the solvent under reduced pressure yielded crude acid hydrazide 3a-g as a white solid on cooling, which was purified by column chromatography and crystallized in methanol [46].
	With thionyl chloride; In dichloromethane; at 0℃;Reflux;	To a solution of compound 2a (100 g, 0.65 mol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (1 L) was added SOCI2 (200 mL) dropwise at 0 C under a drying tube charged with CaCl2. After the addition, the mixture was heated to reflux and stirred overnight. The reaction was done in 2 batches, which were combined and concentrated in vacuo to provide crude compound 2b as an oil that was used without further purification.
	With thionyl chloride; In dichloromethane; at 0℃;Reflux;	To a solution of compound 2a (100 g, 0.65 mol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (1 L) was added SOC12 (200 mL) dropwise at 0 C under a drying tube charged with CaC12. Afterthe addition, the mixture was heated to reflux and stirred overnight. The reaction was done in 2 batches, which were combined and concentrated in vacuo to provide crude compound 2b as an oil that was used without flirther purification.
	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 0℃; for 3h;	General procedure: To the carboxylic acid (10mmol) was added thionyl chloride (20 mmol) followed by a catalytic amount ofDMF (1 drop). The mixture was stirred at 0 C until completion (ca. 3 h). Thesolvent was then removed under reduced pressure to afford the crude acidchloride. Alkoxyamine hydrochloride (11 mmol) was added to a mixture of K2CO3(20 mmol) in a 2:1 mixture of EA: H2O (0.2 M). The resultingsolution was cooled to 0 C followed by dropwise addition of the crude acidchloride dissolved in EtOAc (50 mL). The reaction was allowed to stir for 4 hwhile reaching room temperature. The two layers were separated, and the aqueousphase was extracted with EA (50 mL × 2). The combined organic phase was driedover anhydrous Na2SO4,filtered, and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash columnchromatography on silica gel to give the desired products.
	With thionyl chloride; at 80℃; for 4h;Inert atmosphere;	General procedure: A dry flask containing the corresponding carboxylic acid (1 mmol) and SOCl2 (0.6 mL) was heated at 80 C for 4 h under a nitrogen atmosphere. After the reaction period, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the volatiles and then, the resultant crude reaction mixture was diluted with anhydrous DCM (2 mL). The DCM solution of corresponding acid chloride was slowly added to another RB flask containing the corresponding amine (1 mmol), Et3N (111 mg, 1.1mmol) and DCM (4 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 12 h. After this period, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water and saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution (twice). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and then, the solvent was evaporated in vacuo to afford a crude reaction mixture. Purification of the crude reaction mixture by column chromatography (neutral alumina (EtOAc/hexanes=25:75) furnished the corresponding products 1f-j.
	With oxalyl dichloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In tetrahydrofuran; at 0℃; for 0.5h;Inert atmosphere;	General procedure: A carboxylic acid (0.75 mmol) was added into a dry double-neckflask, and 5 mL of dry THF was added to the flask. N,N-dimethylformamide(1.50 mmol, 0.15 mL) was added into the solutionunder nitrogen at 0 C. When the solids were completely dissolved,oxalyl chloride (3.75 mmol) was added slowly. After 30 min, thesolvent and excess oxalyl chloride were removed under reducedpressure to obtain an acyl chloride which was kept dry. 100 mg ofcompound 2-4 (0.53 mmol) was added into a dry double-neckflask, and 5 mL of dry THF was added to the flask. When thesewere completely dissolved, dry pyridine (1.06 mmol, 0.01 mL) wasadded under nitrogen at 0 C. The THF solution of an acyl chloride(0.793 mmol) was added into the mixture slowly. After 30 min,20 mL of saturated ammonium chloride solution was slowly addedinto the mixture, and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc(3 x 20 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4,filtered and concentrated to dryness, then purified through silicagel column (EA: PE 2: 1) to give B-1~B-15.
	With trichlorophosphate; In 1,2-dichloro-ethane; for 3h;Reflux;	General procedure: Aralkanoic acid chlorides 2 were synthesized by the reaction ofaralkanoic acids 1 (1 mmol) in the presence of 1,2edichloroethane(12 mL) solvent and phosphorous oxychloride (0.4 mL) as chlorinatingagent under reflux for 3 h. Then, the resulting solution wascooled to room temperature, and the solvent was removed underreduced pressure to afford aralkanoic acid chlorides 2, which wasdirectly used in the next step without further purification. Aralkanoicacid chlorides 2 was dissolved in acetonitrile (80 mL), addeddrop wise to a solution containing hydrazine hydrate (1 mmol), TEA(0.5 mL) and acetonitrile (20 mL) and allowed to reflux for 3 h withmonitoring by TLC. After consumption of the starting material, thereaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. Evaporation ofthe solvent under reduced pressure yielded crude substituted aromaticacid hydrazides 3 as a white solid on cooling, which waspurified by column chromatography and crystallized on methanol.
	With thionyl chloride; In benzene; at 20℃; for 18h;	General procedure: To a stirred solution of carboxylic acid 7a-h or 9c, i (0.55 mmol)in CH2Cl2 for 7a-h or benzene for 9c, i (3 mL) was added SOCl2(0.05 mL, 0.66 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred atroom temperature for 18 h. The solvent was removed, and thento the residue were added CH2Cl2 (3 mL), NH4SCN (63 mg,0.82 mmol), and PEG-400 (1 drop), and the resulting mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 2 h. The solvent was removed,and the residue was chromatographed on SiO2 (Hexane:Acetone= 50:1 40:1) to give corresponding isothiocyanate 8a-hand 10c, i which were used in the next step immediately.
	With thionyl chloride; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene; for 6h;Reflux;	15.4 g (0.1 mol) of p-fluorophenylacetic acid, 24.0 g (0.2 mol) of thionyl chloride, 60 ml of toluene and 4 drops of DMF were placed in a reaction flask,The reaction was refluxed for 6 hours, evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to give a light red liquid, diluted with 20ml of acetone, spare.
	With thionyl chloride; at 65 - 70℃; for 12h;	General procedure: The substituted phenylacetic acid (3 mmol) and thionyl chloride (10 ml) were placed in a dry round-bottomed flask, and the mixture was heated to reflux at 65-70 C for 12 h, which was detected by TLC. After the completion of reaction, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was washed with CH2Cl2. The above procedure was repeated twice to obtain the crude intermediates 4, which were used for the next reaction without further purification.
	With thionyl chloride; for 2h;Heating / reflux;	Step A: Preparation of Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate; [0282] A mixture of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (23.5 g, 152 mmol) in thionyl chloride 56 mL, 762 mmol) was refluxed for 2 hours and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted with 200 mL DCM, and stirred at O0C. The mixture was treated with EtOH (9.8 mL, 168 mmol) and TEA (26 mL) dropwise. The mixture was then stirred for 2 hours. The mixture was quenched with 20 mL H2O and extracted with DCM (3 x 50 mL). The combined organics were washed with H2O (3 x 50 mL) and brine 20 mL, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo to give 24.7 g of a pale yellow oil.
	With thionyl chloride;	Example 12.7: Preparation of l-Amino-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-propan-2-one hyrdrochlorideCNCH2CO2Et 1BuOKThe proecdures as described in Tetrahedron. 1994, 50 (21), 6287-6298 and Chem. Pharm. Bull 1984, 32 (7), 2536-2543 were adapted to afford l-amino-3-(4-fluoro- phenyl)-propan-2-one hydrochloride.
	With thionyl chloride; In toluene; at 105℃; for 16h;	4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (28Og, 1.82mol) was suspended in 1.9L toluene followed by the careful addition of 185mL thionyl chloride (303g, 2.545mol). The reaction was heated to 1050C for 16hr (overnight). The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature and the volatiles were removed in vacuo. The crude acid chloride was dissolved in 1.9L THF, cooled to 00C, and 0.72L piperidine (618g, 7.27mol) was added. The reaction vessel was allowed to warm to ambient temperature for 18hr. The mixture was quenched with a saturated solution of aq. NaHCO3 and extracted several times withEtOAc. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and filtered on a fritted funnel. The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the crude residue was purified on silica gel and eluted with a mixture of EtO Ac/heptanes (0-75% gradient elution). This furnished the title compound. 1H-NMR (CDCI3): δ 1.32-1.42 (m, 2H), 1.48-1.64 (m, 4H), 3.34-3.42 (m, 2H)5 3.54-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.69(s, 2H), 6.90-7.05 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.24 (m, 2H) ppm.
	With thionyl chloride; In dichloromethane; at 50℃; for 2h;	Dissolve 2- (4-fluorophenyl) acetic acid (100.0 g, 648 mmol, 1.0 eq) in dichloromethane (200 mL), add sulfoxide (193.0 g, 1622 mmol, 2.5 eq), and stir the reaction at 50 C. 2 The reaction was monitored for completion by TLC and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the product (116.0 g of crude product).
	With thionyl chloride; In dichloromethane; at 60℃; for 3h;Inert atmosphere;	Add 2- (4-fluorophenyl) acetic acid (50.0 g, 324.380 mmol, 1.0 eq)And dichlorosulfoxide (77.18g, 648.761mmol, 2.0eq)Dissolved in dichloromethane (250.0mL),The temperature was raised to 60 C under N2 protection and refluxed for 3h. TLC showed that the reaction was complete.The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and an appropriate amount of dichloromethane was added and concentrated.This was repeated twice to obtain a yellow oily product.
	With oxalyl dichloride; In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; for 2h;Cooling with ice;	Add 473mg of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid and 25ml of DCM into a 100ml single-necked flask, After stirring for a while, add (2eq) 0.513ml of oxalyl chloride under ice bath, Two drops of DMF are used as a catalyst, and the reaction is very violent, releasing a lot of gas. Stir in an ice bath for 2 hours, evaporate the solvent to obtain 4-fluorophenylacetyl chloride, which is prepared for immediate use.
	With oxalyl dichloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 0 - 20℃; for 6h;Inert atmosphere;	General procedure: To a stirred solution of substituted or unsubstituted phenylaceticacid (14ae14f) (5.0 mmol, 1.0 eq) in anhydrous dichloromethane(20 mL)was successively added oxalyl chloride (6.0 mmol,1.2 eq) and DMF (0.5 mmol, 0.1 eq) at 0 C under argon atmosphere.The resulting mixture was subsequently warmed up to roomtemperature and stirred for 6 h. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated in vacuum to afford the corresponding phenylacetylchloride. The solution of the corresponding phenylacetyl chloridein anhydrous dichloromethane (10 mL) was slowly added to astirred solution of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (5.0 mmol,1.0 eq), pyridine (10.0 mmol, 2.0 eq) in anhydrous dichloromethane(10 mL) at 0 C under argon atmosphere. The resulting mixture wassubsequently warmed up to room temperature and stirred for 5 h.The reaction mixture was concentrated and the resulting residuewas dissolved in anhydrous ethanol (20 mL), and the mixture washeated to 80 C for additional 4 h. After cooling, the mixture wasconcentrated to dryness and distributed inwater and ethyl acetate.The organic layer was separated and washed with water and brinesuccessively, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedin vacuum. The resulting residue was purified by silica gelchromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate, v/v, 99:1 to 90:10)to give the desired product.5.1.1.1. Ethyl 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxobutanoate (16a). The titlecompound was prepared from 15a following general procedure A.Yield: 86%. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ7.26e7.09 (m, 4H), 4.08(q, J 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.88 (s, 2H), 3.66 (s, 2H), 1.17 (t, J 7.2 Hz, 3H).
	With thionyl chloride; at 0 - 80℃; for 7h;	General procedure: The starting material of phenylacetic acid analogues (20mmol) was added into SOCl2 (25mL) at 0 , then the mixture was warmed to 80 and stirred for 7h. Then, the mixture was cooled to rt, the solvent was concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product 1a-1k which was directly for next reaction without further purification.
	With thionyl chloride; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 2h;	General procedure: Corresponding acid (1.0 equiv, 10 mmol) was dissolved in 25 mL CH2Cl2 in a 100 mL round-bottom flask with a stir bar, one drop of DMF was added, then SOCl2(2.0 equiv, 20 mmol) was slowly added into the mixture at room temperature, the obtained solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The title acyl chloride was obtained after evaporating the solvent and used without further purification.

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3
[ 34837-84-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
55%	Stage #1: 4-fluorobenzeneacetic acid methyl ester With sodium hydroxide; water at 60℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In water	20 Example 20: 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid 1 (Z = COOCH3, F = 4-F, X = H)10 mL water and 0.8 mL of a 30% sodium hydroxide solution is added to 0.3 g methyl 4-fluorophenylacetate and the mixture is stirred at 60° C for an hour. Once the conversion is completed, it is acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid to pH = 1. The product is isolated by filtration as a white solid in a 0.15 g (55%) amount.1H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) : 3.63 (s, 2H); 7.02 (t, 2H); 7.24 (t, 2H); 10.1 (bs, IH).
47%	With potassium hydroxide In methanol for 4h; Ambient temperature;
0.56 g	Stage #1: 4-fluorobenzeneacetic acid methyl ester With sodium hydroxide In water at 20℃; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In water

Stage #1: 4-fluorobenzeneacetic acid methyl ester With sodium hydroxide In methanol; water for 2h; Reflux; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: HOLDING F.I.S. S.P.A. - WO2008/78350, 2008, A2 Location in patent: Page/Page column 23-24
[2]Prakash; Goyal; Moriatry; Khosrowshahi [Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, 1990, vol. 29, # 4, p. 304 - 309]
[3]Milne, Jacqueline E.; Murry, Jerry A.; King, Anthony; Larsen, Robert D. [Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2009, vol. 74, # 1, p. 445 - 447]
[4]Eissa, Ibrahim H.; Mohammad, Haroon; Qassem, Omar A.; Younis, Waleed; Abdelghany, Tamer M.; Elshafeey, Ahmed; Abd Rabo Moustafa, Mahmoud M.; Seleem, Mohamed N.; Mayhoub, Abdelrahman S. [European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2017, vol. 130, p. 73 - 85]

4
[ 10537-86-7 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 127035-59-0 ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,1990,vol. 33,p. 1892 - 1898

5
[ 917-54-4 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 459-03-0 ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,1986,vol. 29,p. 924 - 939

6
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 459-57-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
90%	With 1H-imidazole; C₁₇H₁₆ClMnN₂O₂; tetrabutylammonium (meta)periodate In chloroform at 20℃; for 0.416667h;
90%	With K₅CoW₁₂O₄₀ In water monomer; acetonitrile for 0.3h; Microwave irradiation;
89%	With 1H-imidazole; [bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene; Co(AAOPD) In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 5h;

86%	With oxygen; anhydrous Sodium acetate; Mn(dtbpy)<SUB>2</SUB>(OTf)<SUB>2</SUB> In acetonitrile at 45℃; for 12h; Irradiation; Schlenk technique;
78%	With oxygen; copper (II) acetate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; for 18h; Sealed tube;
60%	With oxygen; mercuric (II) oxide In methanol; acetonitrile at 25℃; UV-irradiation;
60%	With mercury(II) fluoride; oxygen In acetonitrile at 25℃; for 24h; Irradiation;
	With pyrimido<5,4-g>pteridine-10-oxide In acetonitrile for 0.666667h; Ambient temperature; Irradiation; Yield given;
32.5 %Chromat.	With dihydrogen peroxide In water monomer; acetonitrile at 25℃; for 10h; UV-irradiation;
95 %Chromat.	With water monomer; copper chloride (II) at 250℃; for 0.17h; Sealed tube; Green chemistry;

Reference： [1]Location in patent: experimental part Montazerozohori; Nasr-Esfahani; Joohari; Akhlaghi; Dehghani [Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2011, vol. 23, # 3, p. 1081 - 1084]
[2]Location in patent: experimental part Farhadi; Ansari [Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society, 2011, vol. 8, # 2, p. 470 - 476]
[3]Soleymani, Reza; Taheri, Milad; HOSEYNALIBEYGl, Marziye; Daryani, Mehdi [Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 2012, vol. 28, # 2, p. 857 - 866,10]
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[9]Location in patent: experimental part Farhadi, Saeid; Zabardasti, Abedien; Rahmati, Mohammad Hosien [Journal of Chemical Research, 2011, vol. 35, # 3, p. 157 - 160]
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7
[ 405-50-5 ]
2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethan-1,1-d<SUB>2</SUB>-1-ol [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
87%	With lithium aluminium deuteride In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 5h; Reflux;	5.1 Step 1. 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)ethan-1,1-d₂-1-ol (8b). 19a (5.0 g, 32.45 mmol) was dissolved in MeOD (8 mL, Cambridge Isotope, 99.8 atom% D) and concentrated under reduced pressure, then repeated twice. The residue was dissolved in anhydrous THF (20 mL) and added at 0 ^C to a suspension of lithium aluminum deuteride (1.36 g, 32.45 mmol, Boc Sciences, 98 atom% D) in anhydrous THF (50 mL). The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature stirred for 1 h then heated at reflux for 4 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and quenched with water (1.5 mL), 15% sodium hydroxide solution (2 mL) then water (3 mL). The mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite (20 g) and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by chromatography (Interchim automated chromatography system, RediSep 80 g silica cartridge, eluting with a gradient 0-25% acetone in hexanes) to give 8b (4.0 g, 87%) as a yellow oil.
	With lithium aluminium deuteride In diethyl ether

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: TERRAN BIOSCIENCES, INC - WO2020/132461, 2020, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 199
[2]Fujio, Mizue; Goto, Mutsuo; Seki, Yoji; Mishima, Masaaki; Tsuno, Yuho; et al. [Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 1987, vol. 60, # 3, p. 1097 - 1102]

8
[ 50413-24-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 157671-99-3 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
68%	With triethylamine In acetonitrile for 0.5h; Ambient temperature;
6.87 g (68%)	In triethylamine; acetonitrile	1.4 Step 4 Step 4 Preparation of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone To a stirred solution of 4.45 g (28.9 mmol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid in 3.26 g (31.8 mmol) of triethylamine and 275 mL of acetonitrile was added 8.9 g (28.9 mmol) of 2-bromo-4'-(methylsulfonyl)acetophenone (prepared in Step 3) at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, concentrated in vacuo, and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic phase was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by silica gel chromatography with ethyl acetate/hexane (1:1) gave 6.87 g (68%) of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl) phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone as a colorless solid: NMR (CDCl3) δ 3.08 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 2H), 5.35 (s, 2H), 7.06 (s, t, J=9 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (dd, J=6and 9 Hz, 2H), 8.06 (s, 4H).
6.87 g (68%)	In triethylamine; acetonitrile	1.4 Preparation of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone Step 4 Preparation of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone To a stirred solution of 4.45 g (28.9 mmol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid in 3.26 g (31.8 mmol) of triethylamine and 275 mL of acetonitrile was added 8.9 g (28.9 mmol) of 2-bromo-4'-(methylsulfonyl)acetophenone (prepared in Step 3) at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, concentrated in vacuo, and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic phase was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by silica gel chromatography with ethyl acetate/hexane (1:1) gave 6.87 g (68%) of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone as a colorless solid: NMR (CDCl3) δ 3.08 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 2H), 5.35 (s, 2H), 7.06 (s, t, J=9 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (dd, J=6 and 9 Hz, 2H), 8.06 (s, 4H).

6.87 g (68%)	In triethylamine; acetonitrile	12.4 Preparation of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone Step 4 Preparation of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone To a stirred solution of 4.45 g (28.9 mmol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid in 3.26 g (31.8 mmol) of triethylamine and 275 mL of acetonitrile was added 8.9 g (28.9 mmol) of 2-bromo-4'-(methylsulfonyl)acetophenone (prepared in Step 3) at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, concentrated in vacuo, and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic phase was dried MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by silica gel chromatography with ethyl acetate/hexane (1:1) gave 6.87 g (68%) of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone as a colorless solid: NMR (CDCl3) δ 3.08 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 2H), 5.35 (s, 2H), 7.06 (s, t, J=9 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (dd, J=6 and 9 Hz, 2H), 8.06 (s, 4H).
6.87 g (68%)	In triethylamine; acetonitrile	16.4 Step 4 Step 4 Preparation of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone To a stirred solution of 4.45 g (28.9 mmol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid in 3.26 g (31.8 mmol) of triethylamine and 275 mL of acetonitrile was added 8.9 g (28.9 mmol) of 2-bromo-4'-(methylsulfonyl)acetophenone (prepared in Step 3) at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, concentrated in vacuo, and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic phase was dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by silica gel chromatography with ethyl acetate/hexane (1:1) gave 6.87 g (68%) of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2-oxoethoxy]ethanone as a colorless solid: NMR (CDCl3) δ3.08 (s, 3H), 3.79 (s, 2H), 5.35 (s, 2H), 7.06 (s, t, J=9 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (dd, J=6 and 9 Hz, 2H), 8.06 (s, 4H).

Reference： [1]Huang, Horng-Chih; Li, James J.; Garland, Danny J.; Chamberlain, Timothy S.; Reinhard, Emily J.; Manning, Robert E.; Seibert, Karen; Koboldt, Carol M.; Gregory, Susan A.; Anderson, Gary D.; Veenhuizen, Amy W.; Zhang, Yan; Perkins, William E.; Burton, Earl G.; Cogburn, J. Nita; Isakson, Peter C.; Reitz, David B. [Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1996, vol. 39, # 1, p. 253 - 266]
[2]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC - US5393790, 1995, A
[3]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC - US5670510, 1997, A
[4]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC - US5684195, 1997, A
[5]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC - US5663180, 1997, A

9
[ 2700-30-3 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-bis(diisopropylamino)trimethinium hexafluorophosphate [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Organic Chemistry,2001,vol. 66,p. 251 - 255

10
[ 109-70-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 516483-14-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
85%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-disodiumethane In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: 1.3-chlorobromopropane In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃; Inert atmosphere; Stage #3: With hydrogenchloride In water regioselective reaction;	4.4. Metalation of arylacetic acids 2, and reaction with electrophiles. General procedure General procedure: To 5 mL of a 0.24 M solution of diorganometal 1b or 1c (1.2 mmol), chilled at 0 °C, was added a solution of the appropriate arylacetic acid 2 (1.1 mmol) dissolved in 5 mL of dry THF, and the resulting mixture was vigorously stirred for 2 h at 0 °C. To the resulting dark brown mixture, chilled at the same temperature, were added 1.7 mmol of the appropriate electrophile. The resulting mixture was vigorously stirred and allowed to reach rt overnight, after which time it was quenched by slow dropwise addition of H2O (15 mL). The organic solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the resulting mixture was extracted with CH2Cl2 (3×10 mL). The aqueous phase was acidified with 1 N HCl, extracted with CH2Cl2 (3×10 mL), and the organic phases were collected, washed with H2O (1×10 mL), brine (10 mL), dried (Na2SO4), and the solvent was evaporated. Crude reaction products were purified and characterized as reported below. The reaction mixture containing crude β-hydroxyacid 2df was quenched by adding it to 15 mL of 10% HCl containing about 15 g of crushed ice,14 and worked up as described above. After evaporation of the solvent, the resulting crude material was purified and characterized as reported below. Quenching with D2O was realized as described in the above paragraph.
61%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -78℃; for 2h; Stage #2: 1.3-chlorobromopropane In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at 20℃; for 16h;	13.13a To a solution of (4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (3.85 g, 25.0 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was added dropwise n-butyllithium 1.6 M hexane solution (31.3 mL, 50.0 mmol) at -78°C, and the mixture was stirred under ice-cooling for 2 hr, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane (2.58 mL, 26.3 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hr. The reaction mixture was extracted with 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The extract was acidified with 3 M hydrochloric acid, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexane=20/80 - 50/50) to give the title compound as a pale yellow oil (3.50 g, 61%). 1H NMR (CDC13) δ: 1.58 - 1.86 (2 H, m), 1. 87 - 2.01 (1 H, m), 2.12 - 2.27 (1 H, m), 3.45 - 3.65 (3 H, m), 6.97 - 7.08 (2 H, m), 7.23 - 7.33 (2 H, m).
61%	With n-butyllithium

Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With n-hexyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -60 - 0℃; Stage #2: 1.3-chlorobromopropane In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at 20℃; for 18h;

Reference： [1]Location in patent: experimental part Azzena, Ugo; Dettori, Giovanna; Pisano, Luisa; Pittalis, Mario [Tetrahedron, 2011, vol. 67, # 19, p. 3470 - 3475]
[2]Current Patent Assignee: TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY LIMITED - EP2455380, 2012, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 76
[3]Takai, Takafumi; Hoashi, Yasutaka; Tomata, Yoshihide; Morimoto, Sachie; Nakamura, Minoru; Watanabe, Tomomichi; Igari, Tomoko; Koike, Tatsuki [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2015, vol. 25, # 19, p. 4245 - 4249]
[4]Rosen, Jonathan D.; Nelson, Todd D.; Huffman, Mark A.; McNamara, James M. [Tetrahedron Letters, 2003, vol. 44, # 2, p. 365 - 368]

11
[ 108-46-3 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 15485-70-8 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
92%	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 80℃; Inert atmosphere;
81%	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 85℃; for 3h;
79.8%	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 85℃; for 2.5h;	5.1.19 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone (25) A mixture of resorcinol (6.67g, 60.3mmol) and an appropriate 4-flourinephenylacetic (60.3mmol) in BF3-OEt2 (150mL) was heated at 85°C for 2.5h. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water (300mL) and extracted with EtOAc twice. The combined organic layer was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (NaHCO3) and then brine, dried over magnesium sulfate (Na2SO4), and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting compound was further purified by recrystallization (EtOH and PE). Yellow crystals; yield: 79.8%, mp 143-146°C; 1H (300MHz, DMSO) δ (ppm): 11.64 (s, 1H), 9.26 (s, 1H), 6.18-7.84 (m, 7H), 4.33 (s, 2H). MS (ESI) m/z: 245.1 ([M-H] -).

75%	Stage #1: recorcinol; p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate In toluene at 100℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With sodium acetate In water; toluene at 20℃; for 2h;	21.1 Step 1. Preparation of 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone To a suspension of resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene) (5.000 g, 45.4 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (7.209 g, 46.8 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) and toluene (20.000 mL, 188.8 mmol, 4.2 equiv.) was added boron trifluoride etherate (15.97 mL, 127.1 mmol, 2.8 equiv.), and the suspension was heated at 100° C. to afford a clear orange-colored solution. After the reaction was stirred at 100° C. for 1 h, LCMS and TLC (EA: Hex=1:2) analysis indicated that the reaction was complete. The reaction was cooled to RT and slowly quenched with a 12% aqueous solution of sodium acetate (100 mL) and allowed to stir for 2 h. Note: The quench should be carefully monitored as the reaction is exothermic. The orange-colored solution was diluted with EA, the layers separated, and the organic layer washed with a 12% aqueous solution of sodium acetate (150 mL), brine (1100 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated to dryness. A NMR analysis (1H and 19F) of the crude product indicated the presence of both of the phenolic protons that was confirmed by a D2O shake for the hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Crude residue was triturated from EA/Hex to provide 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone (8.34 g, 75%) as a pale orange solid. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.4 (s, 1H), 10.7 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=9.0 Hz, 1H), 7.32-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.15-7.09 (m, 2H), 6.37 (dd, J=9.0, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.24 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 4.30 (s, 2H). 19F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 116.6-116.5 (m, 1F). m/z=245 (M-H)+.
65%	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 75℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere;
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 80℃; for 5h;
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 90℃; for 1.5h; Inert atmosphere;
	at 80℃; for 5h;	A mixture of 1.54 g of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (90.5 mmol), 11.0 g of resorcinol (99.9 mmol) and 50ml of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate was stirred at 80 °C for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and then washed rust with aqueous K2CO3 and then with water until pH of the water layer approached 7. The product was extracted with ethyl acetate and concentrated. The residue was dissolved and loaded onto a Sephadex-LH-20 column (chloroform : methanol, 7: 3). Fractions that contained pure analog 23 were pooled and dried to give 3. 5g of crude 2, 4dihydroxyphenyl-4'-fluorobenzylketone (I). To 3.5 g on in 20 ml of2-propanol was added 1.0 ml of morpho line and 2.5 ml of triethyl orthoformate. The mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 7 hours. Solvents were removed and residue was dissolved in 30 ml of methanol and stirred at 50 °C for 30 min. The solution was cooled to room temperature and kept at 4 °C overnight. White crystals were collected by filtration, washed with small portions of methanol, and dried to give 1.53 g of analog 23, a yield of 43.7% (w/w): inp 235-236 OC.'H NMR (DMSO-d6) 8 6. 88 (d, 1H, J= 1.73 Hz, 8- H), 6.95 (dd, 1H, J= 8. 80,1. 85 Hz, 6-H), 7.25 (t, 2H, J= 8.82 Hz, 3', 5'-H), 7.61 (dd, 2H, J= 2.52, 8.21 Hz, 2', 6'-H), 7.97 (d, 1H, J= 8. 80 Hz, 5-H), 8.40 (s, 1H, 2-H), 10.8 (s. 1H, 7-OH). 13C NMR (DMSO-d6) 8 102.2 (C-8), 114.9 (C-6), 115.0 (C-3', 5'), 116.5 (C-10), 122.5 (C-1'), 127.3 (C-3), 128.4 (C-5), 130.9 (C-2', 6'), 153.8 (C-2), 157.5 (C-9), 160. 8 (C-4'), 162. 7 (C-7), 174.3 (C-4). MS (m/z) 257.2 (M + H) +, 279.3 (M + Na) +, 255.4 (M-H)-. Anal. (CisHpOsF) for C, H. Cacld : 70. 31, 3.54 ; found: 70. 56, 3. 51.
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 80℃; for 2h;
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 95℃; Inert atmosphere;	General procedure for the preparation of the deoxybenzoins 1-5 General procedure: 12.5 mL of BF3-Et2O was added under nitrogen atmosphere to a mixture of resorcinol (550 mg, 5 mmol) and the appropriate phenylacetic acid (5 mmol). The solution was heated for 3-5 h in an oil bath at 95 oC, poured onto an ice-water mixture and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were washed with water, brine, dried (Na2SO4) and evaporated in vacuo. The oily residue was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel using as eluents CH2Cl2/MeOH to afford the respective deoxybenzoins 1-5 (yield 45-90%) as white solids.
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate for 1.5h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;	25.1 Example 25 2-(4-(2-(3-(Fluoromethyl)azetidin-l-yl)ethoxy)phenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-2H- chromen-7-ol Step 1: l-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone Anhydrous resorcinol (110 g, 1.0 mol) and (4 -fluorophenyl) acetic acid (130.0 g, 0.9 mol) in BF3.Et20 (355 mL, 3.0 mol) were stirred under reflux for 1.5 h under N2. The reaction vessel was then cooled in an ice bath and the reaction mixture poured into excess ice-water. The resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3x300 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with water, saturated NaHC03, dried over Na2S04 and filtered. Filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound (230 g, crude, yield 100%). 'H-NMR (DMSO-J^, 400 MHz): δ 12.45 (s, 1H), 10.66 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.14 (t, 2H), 6.40 (dd, 1H), 6.27 (d, 1H), 4.08 (d, 2H).
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 110℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere;
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 80℃; for 7h; Inert atmosphere;	6 Preparation of 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone (7a) Adding p-fluorophenylacetic acid to the reaction flask(7g, 42.1mmol)And resorcinol(6.9g, 63.15mmol),Add 150 ml of boron trifluoride diethyl ether solution,Nitrogen protection. The reaction was carried out at 80 ° C for 7 h.After cooling to room temperature,Add 400 ml of saturated sodium carbonate solution and extract with ethyl acetate.Wash with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated brine.Dry anhydrous sodium sulfate, filterDry, dark red liquid, directly cast.
	With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate at 80 - 90℃; Inert atmosphere;	1.6. General synthesis of isoflavones (9a-9d) General procedure: BF3·Et2O (10 mL) was added to a mixture of resorcinol (0.67 g, 6.1 mmol) and substituted phenylacetic acids (7a-7d; 5.5 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80-90°C for 5-7 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, then was poured into ice-cold water and was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layer was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 8a-8d as red oil liquid which was used in the next step without further purification. BF3·Et2O (3 mL) was added to a solution of benzylketone (8a-8d ) in dry DMF (10 mL). The solution was warmed to 60°C and a solution of methanesulfonyl chloride (5 mL) in dry DMF (5 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was then heated to 95°C and stirred for 2 h under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, it was poured into cold saturated sodium carbonate solution and stirred overnight to give a precipitate, filtered. The residue was purified with column chromatography over silica gel to give pure products 9a-9d. 1.7. 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-7-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one (9a) Yield 60%, white solid. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.86 (s, 1H), 8.38 (s, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J = 8.7, 5.7 Hz, 2H), 7.24 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 6.93 (dd, J = 8.7, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H).

Reference： [1]Li, Huan-Qiu; Luo, Yin; Lv, Peng-Cheng; Shi, Lei; Liu, Chang-Hong; Zhu, Hai-Liang [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2010, vol. 20, # 6, p. 2025 - 2028]
[2]Boonsombat, Jutatip; Thongnest, Sanit; Ruchirawat, Somsak [European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2019, vol. 2019, # 19, p. 2971 - 2983]
[3]Luo, Guoshun; Li, Xinyu; Zhang, Guoqing; Wu, Chengzhe; Tang, Zhengpu; Liu, Linyi; You, Qidong; Xiang, Hua [European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2017, vol. 140, p. 252 - 273]
[4]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC - US2016/311805, 2016, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0430-0432
[5]Location in patent: experimental part Yeap, Guan-Yeow; Yam, Wan-Sinn; Dominiak, Paulina; Ito, Masato M. [Journal of Molecular Structure, 2010, vol. 967, # 1-3, p. 25 - 33]
[6]Gao, Guang-Yao; Li, Dian-Jun; Keung, Wing Ming [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2003, vol. 11, # 18, p. 4069 - 4081]
[7]Location in patent: experimental part Matin, Azadeh; Gavande, Navnath; Kim, Moon S.; Yang, Nancy X.; Salam, Noeris K.; Hanrahan, Jane R.; Roubin, Rebecca H.; Hibbs, David E. [Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2009, vol. 52, # 21, p. 6835 - 6850]
[8]Current Patent Assignee: THE ENDOWMENT FOR RESEARCH IN HUMAN BIOLOGY INC - WO2004/2470, 2004, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 31
[9]Location in patent: scheme or table Li, Huan-Qiu; Luo, Yin; Song, Ran; Li, Zi-Lin; Yan, Tao; Zhu, Hai-Liang [ChemMedChem, 2010, vol. 5, # 7, p. 1117 - 1122]
[10]Vontzalidou, Argyro; Zoidis, Grigoris; Chaita, Eliza; Makropoulou, Maria; Aligiannis, Nektarios; Lambrinidis, George; Mikros, Emmanuel; Skaltsounis, Alexios-Leandros [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2012, vol. 22, # 17, p. 5523 - 5526]
[11]Current Patent Assignee: ROCHE HOLDING AG - WO2014/205136, 2014, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 00425
[12]Miao, Jianzhuang; Cui, Huaqing; Jin, Jing; Lai, Fangfang; Wen, Hui; Zhang, Xiang; Ruda, Gian Filippo; Chen, Xiaoguang; Yin, Dali [Chemical Communications, 2015, vol. 51, # 5, p. 881 - 884]
[13]Current Patent Assignee: CHINA PHARMACEUTICAL UNIVERSITY - CN108264506, 2018, A Location in patent: Paragraph 0053-0055
[14]Qiu, Rongmao; Luo, Guoshun; Cai, Xuerong; Liu, Linyi; Chen, Mingqi; Chen, Deying; You, Qidong; Xiang, Hua [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2018, vol. 28, # 23-24, p. 3726 - 3730]

12
[ 951-87-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
N-((1R,2S)-2-Amino-1,2-diphenyl-ethyl)-2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-acetamide [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2005,vol. 15,p. 435 - 438

13
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 29419-14-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
50%	With thionyl chloride;aluminium trichloride; In dichloromethane; 1,2-dichloro-ethane;	A. 3,4-Dihydro-6-fluoro-2(1H)-naphthalenone was prepared using a modified procedure of Stjernlof, P.; et. al. (J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 2202). A solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (10.0 g, 64.9 mmol) and thionyl chloride (11.8 mL, 0.162 mol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (150 mL) was heated at reflux for 4 h, in a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane and the solvent evaporated in vacuo (in order to remove excess thionyl chloride). The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (50 mL) and the solution was added dropwise, over 20 min, to a cooled suspension of aluminum chloride (21.6 g, 162 mmol) in dichloromethane (250 mL) at -10 to -5 C. The suspension was stirred at -10 C. for 10 min. Ethylene was bubbled rapidly through the suspension for 20 min at -10 to 5 C. Bubbling was continued at a very slow rate for the next 2 h while maintaining a temperature of -5 C. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice (100 g), and the organic layer was separated and washed twice with water and once with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the crude tetralone (13.2 g), as a yellow solid. The tetralone was used without purification in the subsequent reaction although a portion of the crude product was recrystallized from hexanes to give purified 3,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-2(1H)-naphthalenone as a colorless solid (-50% recovery). 1 H NMR (CDCl3) delta2.55 (t, 2H), 3.05 (t, 2H), 3.54 (s, 2H), 6.85-6.97 (m, 2H) and 7.05-7.12 (m, 1H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US6140354,2000,A
[2]Synthetic Communications,2003,vol. 33,p. 2215 - 2227
[3]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,1995,vol. 38,p. 2202 - 2216
[4]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,1993,vol. 36,p. 2485 - 2493
[5]Australian Journal of Chemistry,1970,vol. 23,p. 1921 - 1937

14
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 332-29-6 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
88%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In acetonitrile at 0℃; for 2.5h; Stage #2: With ammonium hydroxide In acetonitrile at 20℃;	42 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (1 g, 6.49 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (40 ml) and cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath. l-Ethyl-3-(3- dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (1.492 g, 7.79 mmol) was added, followed by 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (1.19 g, 7.79 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 2.5 hours, and then concentrated ammonium hydroxide (0.865 ml, 13.0 mmol) was added slowly. The mixture then stirred at RT for an additional 2 hours. After this time the solids were filtered off, and the filtrate was diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL). The solution was washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 (2x50 mL) and brine (50 mL), dried (MgSO4) and concentrated in vacuo to yield 2-(4- fluorophenyl)acetamide (0.87g, 88% yield) as a white solid which was used as is in the next reaction. 1U NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 7.45 (broad s, 1H), 7.26 (m, 2H), 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.87 (broad s, 1H ), 3.34 (s, H).
	Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: oxalyl chloride; DMF / CH₂Cl₂ / 3 h 2: NH₃ gas / toluene; hexane / 1 h
	Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: thionyl chloride / 2 h / Heating 2: NH₃ / toluene / 1 h

	Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: thionyl chloride / 3 h / Reflux; Inert atmosphere 2: ammonium hydroxide / water / Cooling with ice; Inert atmosphere
	Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: sulfuric acid / 12 h / Reflux 2: ammonium hydroxide / methanol / 15 h / 20 °C

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: DECIPHERA PHARMACEUTICALS LLC - WO2010/51373, 2010, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 103-104
[2]Hamdouchi, Chafiq; Sanchez-Martinez, Concha; Gruber, Joseph; Del Prado, Miriam; Lopez, Javier; Rubio, Almudena; Heinz, Beverly A. [Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2003, vol. 46, # 20, p. 4333 - 4341]
[3]Freudenreich, Charles; Samama, Jean-Pierre; Biellmann, Jean-Francois [Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1984, vol. 106, # 11, p. 3344 - 3353]
[4]Yoshimura, Akira; Middleton, Kyle R.; Luedtke, Matthew W.; Zhu, Chenjie; Zhdankin, Viktor V. [Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2012, vol. 77, # 24, p. 11399 - 11404]
[5]Tantray, Mushtaq A.; Khan, Imran; Hamid, Hinna; Alam, Mohammad Sarwar; Dhulap, Abhijeet; Kalam, Abul [New Journal of Chemistry, 2016, vol. 40, # 7, p. 6109 - 6119]

15
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 71783-54-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
71%	With thionyl chloride; anhydrous phosphorus trichloride; bromine; In methanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; benzene;	(RS) Methyl 2-bromo-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate STR61 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (30.6 g), phosphorus trichloride (2 g) and bromine (36 g) in benzene (100 ml) were refluxed for 2 days, cooled, thionyl chloride (47 g) and N,N-dimethylformamide (0.2 g) were then added, the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour, cooled, and methanol (100 ml) added. This mixture was refluxed for 1/2 hour, cooled, evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue distilled to give the title compound as a clear liquid (35 g, 71%), b.p. 104 C./2 mm.Hg. 1 H-N.M.R. (300 MHz, CDCl3) delta=3.8 (3H, s); 5.35 (s, 1H); 7.1 (m, 2H); 7.55 (m, 2H).
71%	With thionyl chloride; anhydrous phosphorus trichloride; bromine; In methanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; benzene;	(RS) Methyl 2-bromo-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (30.6 g), phosphorus trichloride (2 g) and bromine (36 g) in benzene (100 ml) were refluxed for 2 days, cooled, thionyl chloride (47 g) and N,N-dimethylformamide (0.2 g) were then added, the reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour, cooled, and methanol (100 ml) added. This mixture was refluxed for 1/2 hour, cooled, evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue distilled to give the title compound as a clear liquid (35 g, 71%), b.p. 104o/2 mm.Hg. 1H-N.M.R . (300 MHz, CDCl3) delta = 3.8 (3H, s); 5.35 (s, 1H); 7.1 (m, 2H); 7.55 (m, 2H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US5171744,1992,A
[2]Patent: EP424021,1991,A1
[3]Tetrahedron,2002,vol. 58,p. 10113 - 10126
[4]Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis,2015,vol. 357,p. 2479 - 2484

16
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 75908-73-5 ]

Reference： [1]Organic letters,2002,vol. 4,p. 371 - 373
[2]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,1994,vol. 37,p. 1704 - 1711

17
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 13101-83-2 ]

Reference： [1]Australian Journal of Chemistry,1970,vol. 23,p. 1921 - 1937

18
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 192508-36-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
90%	With sulfuric acid; nitric acid; at 0℃; for 1.0h;	Treat a 0C solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (3 g, 19.46 mmol) in H2S04 (20 mL) drop wise with nitric acid (0.913 mL, 20.44 mmol) and stir for 1 h. Pour the mixture onto ice, extract with DCM (2x), wash the combined organics with brine, dry over MgS04 and concentrate to dryness to afford the title compound (3.48 g, 90%>). MS (ESI) m/z: 198.1 (M-H+).
74%	With sulfuric acid; potassium nitrate; at 0℃; for 1.0h;	At 0C, to a solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (30 g, 0.19 mol) in cone. H2S04 (250 ml_) was added KN03 (19.6 g, 0.19 mmol) portionwise. After stirred at 0C for 1 hr, the resulting mixture was slowly poured into ice water. The precipitated solid was filtered and dried to give the title compound (28.8 g, 74% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/z calcd for C8H6FN04: 199.03. Found: 200.22 (M+1 )+.
59%	With sulfuric acid; nitric acid; at 0℃; for 3.5h;	4-fluorophenylacetic acid (6G, 38.9 MMOL) was suspended in 50 ML H2SO4 conc. And cooled to 0C. To this suspension was added dropwise 1.75 mi HNO3 during 30 min. and then the reaction mixture was striired at 0C for another 3h. The yellow mixture was poured into is-water and the corresponding white crystals 4-FLUOR- 3-nitrophenylacetic acid 4. 55G, 59% was collected and dried.

With nitric acid; In sulfuric acid;

Example 23 4-Fluoro-3-nitrophenylacetic acid (1i): A suspension of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (10.0 g, 64.9 mmol) in concentrated sulfuric acid (100 ml) was cooled to 0 C. Concentrated nitric acid (4.5 ml, 65 mmol) was added drop-wise, keeping the temperature at 0-5 C. At the end of the addition the mixture was poured into ice-water (400 ml). The precipitate was filtered off, washed thoroughly with water and dried with suction to yield 1i (9.11 g, 70%).

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2013/134298,2013,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 35
[2]Patent: WO2018/116107,2018,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 25-26
[3]Patent: WO2004/89912,2004,A1 .Location in patent: Page 25
[4]Patent: US6218547,2001,B1
[5]Patent: WO2013/131408,2013,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 59

19
[ 2033-24-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
88%	Stage #1: cycl-isopropylidene malonate; p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With dmap; pivaloyl chloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In acetonitrile at 45℃; for 6h; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride; water monomer In acetonitrile at 0℃;	A Step A.5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione. To a solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (500 g, 3.24 mol, 1 eq), Meldrum's acid (514 g, 3.57 mol, 1.1 eq), DMAP (33.7 g, 275 mmol, 0.085 eq) in CH3CN (1500 mL) was added DIPEA (901 g, 6.97 mol, 1.21 L, 2.15 eq) while maintaining the temperature below 45 °C, and then pivaloyl chloride (430 g, 3.57 mol, 439 mL, 1.1 eq) was slowly added over 3 hours while maintaining the temperature below 45 °C. The resulted solution was stirred at 45°C for 3 hours. The mixture solution was cooled to 0°C, then 1N HCl (5 L) was slowly added, and the resulted solution was stirred at 0°C for 2 hours. Lot of solid was generated, and the mixture was filtered to give the crude yellow solid. The crude was washed with CH3CN/H2O (3 L/12 L) to give 5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-2,2- dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (800 g, 88% yield). White Solid; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) d = 15.35 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.05-7.01 (m, 2H), 4.40 (s, 2H), 1.72 (s, 6H).
88%	With dmap; pivaloyl chloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In acetonitrile at 45℃; for 3h;	Step A. 5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-2,2-dimethyl-L3-dioxane-4,6-dione. To a solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (500 g, 3.24 mol, 1 eq), Meldrum's acid (514 g, 3.57 mol, 1.1 eq), DMAP (33.7 g, 275 mmol, 0.085 eq) in CH3CN (1500 mL) was added DIPEA (901 g, 6.97 mol, 1.21 L, 2.15 eq) while maintaining the temperature below 45 °C, and then pivaloyl chloride (430 g, 3.57 mol, 439 mL, 1.1 eq) was slowly added over 3 hours while maintaining the temperature below 45 °C. The resulted solution was stirred at 45°C for 3 hours. The mixture solution was cooled to 0°C, then IN HC1 (5 L) was slowly added, and the resulted solution was stirred at 0°C for 2 hours. Many of solid was generated, and the mixture was filtered to give the crude yellow solid. The crude was washed with CH3CN/H2O (3 L/12 L) to give 5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)- 2, 2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4, 6-dione (800 g, 88% yield). White Solid; XH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 = 15.35 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.05-7.01 (m, 2H), 4.40 (s, 2H), 1.72 (s, 6H).
88%	With dmap; pivaloyl chloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In acetonitrile at 45℃; for 3h;	Step A. 5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-2,2-dimethyl-L3-dioxane-4,6-dione. To a solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (500 g, 3.24 mol, 1 eq), Meldrum's acid (514 g, 3.57 mol, 1.1 eq), DMAP (33.7 g, 275 mmol, 0.085 eq) in CH3CN (1500 mL) was added DIPEA (901 g, 6.97 mol, 1.21 L, 2.15 eq) while maintaining the temperature below 45 °C, and then pivaloyl chloride (430 g, 3.57 mol, 439 mL, 1.1 eq) was slowly added over 3 hours while maintaining the temperature below 45 °C. The resulted solution was stirred at 45°C for 3 hours. The mixture solution was cooled to 0°C, then IN HC1 (5 L) was slowly added, and the resulted solution was stirred at 0°C for 2 hours. Many of solid was generated, and the mixture was filtered to give the crude yellow solid. The crude was washed with CH3CN/H2O (3 L/12 L) to give 5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)- 2, 2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4, 6-dione (800 g, 88% yield). White Solid; XH NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 = 15.35 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.05-7.01 (m, 2H), 4.40 (s, 2H), 1.72 (s, 6H).

	With dmap; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 6h;	60.A DCC (9.2 g, 45 mmol) was added in portions to a stirred solution of 3- (4- fluorophenyl) acetic acid (6.9 g, 45 mmol), Meldrum's acid (6.5 g, 45 mmol) and DMAP (11 g, 90. mmol) in 90 mL DCM. After stirring at ambient temperature for 6 h, the reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, the filtrate was washed with IN HC1 (2x), water and brine and dried over Na2SO4. Filtration and concentration provided the acyl Meldrum's acid derivative as a yellow solid which was dissolved in 80 mL absolute EtOH and refluxed for 6 h. Concentration provided the p-ketoester as a yellow oil :'H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 7.16 (dd, J= 8.4, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (t, J= 8.6 Hz, 2H), 4.17 (dd, J= 14.3, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.80 (s, 2H), 3.44 (s, 2H), 1.26 (t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H).
100 g	With dmap; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In acetonitrile at 45℃; for 3h;	19a.1 Step 1: 5-(2-(4-Fluorophenyl)acetyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (51) To a solution of p-fluorophenylacetic acid (50, 50 g, 324 mmol), 2,2-dimethyl-1,3- dioxane-4,6-dione (51.4 g, 357 mmol) and DMAP (3.37 g, 27.6 mmol) in MeCN, DIPEA (90.1 g, 697 mmol) was slowly added below 45 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. After that, 2,2-dimethylpropanoyl chloride (43 g, 357 mmol) was added dropwise while still maintaining below 45 °C. After stirring for 3 hours at 45 °C, the reaction mixture was cooled to 0 °C, and 1 M HCl was added. After additional stirring for 2 hours at 0 °C, precipitate was formed. Filtration of the precipitate gave yellow solid, and the crude product was washed with the solution of MeCN/H2O (1/4) to afford 5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl]-2,2- dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (51, 100 g). MS (ESI) [M+H]+= 281.10.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: MIRATI THERAPEUTICS, INC.; PFIZER INC - WO2021/41671, 2021, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0250
[2]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC; MIRATI THERAPEUTICS, INC. - WO2022/31678, 2022, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0233
[3]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC; MIRATI THERAPEUTICS, INC. - WO2022/31678, 2022, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0233
[4]Current Patent Assignee: GLAXOSMITHKLINE PLC - WO2003/76440, 2003, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 145
[5]Current Patent Assignee: DAIICHI SANKYO COMPANY, LIMITED - WO2022/61251, 2022, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0479; 0480

20
[ 25016-09-5 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
3-(2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3yl)-2-(4-fluoro phenyl) acrylic acid [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
67%	With acetic anhydride; triethylamine; for 5 - 6h;Heating / reflux;	Step 3: Preparation of 3-(2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3yl)-2-(4-fluoro phenyl) acrylic acid (16) A mixture of compound 15 (1 gram, 8.0 mmol) and 4-fluorophenyl acetic acid (1.24 grams, 8.0 mmol), acetic anhydride (2 mL) and triethylamine (0.84 mL, 6.0 mmol) was refluxed under nitrogen atmosphere for 5-6 h. The excess of acetic anhydride was distilled out at the same temperature. The mixture was then diluted with water (100 mL) and neutralized with 2N hydrochloric acid. The solid precipitated was filtered and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound 3-(2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3yl)-2-(4-fluoro phenyl) acrylic acid (16) 1.4 gram as a pale brown solid. Yield: 67%; 1H NMR (200 MHz, DMSO-d6): delta 12.75 (s, D2O exchangeable) 7.66 (s, 1H), 7.26-7.12 (m, 4H), 5.0 (s, H) 3.84 (s, 3H), 2.05 (s, 3H); Mass (CI method, i-butane): 261 (M+1, 80%); IR: numax (KBr, cm-1): 3440, 1695.

Reference： [1]Patent: US2006/128729,2006,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 98

21
[ 50492-22-3 ]
[ 536-90-3 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 214613-17-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
44.6%	With sodium hydroxide; triethylamine; In tetrahydrofuran; water;	(291-1) 1-(4-Fluorophenethyl)-4-(3-methoxyphenylamino)homopiperidine 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (1.5 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (44 ml). To the resultant solution was added N,N-carbonyldimidazole (1.6 g) and the resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 min. Next, 4-homopiperidone hydrochloride (1.0 g) synthesised in accordance with the method described in Synth. Commun., 1249(1992). and triethylamine (1.2 ml) were successively added thereto followed by stirring at room temperature for 12 hr. After adding water, the reaction solution was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran and lithium aluminum hydride was added thereto under ice cooling. Next, the resultant mixture was heated under reflux and treated in a conventional manner. The resulting product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate system) to give a brown oil. The above product and m-anisidine (0.39 ml) were treated as in Example 1 to give a yellow oil. This product was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (30 ml). Under ice cooling, lithium aluminum hydride (0.72 g) was added thereto and the resultant mixture was heated under reflux for 2.5 hr. Under ice cooling, water (0.72 ml), a 5 N aqueous solution (0.72 ml) of sodium hydroxide and further water (2.2 ml) were successively added thereto and the resulting solid was filtered off. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate/methanol system) to give the title compound (1.348 g) as a brown oil (yield: 44.6%). 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta(ppm) 1.62-1.79(5H, m), 1.95-2.04(1H, m), 2.59-2.67(2H, m), 2.70-2.85(6H, m), 3.66(1H, m), 3.76(3H, s), 4.02(1H, br-s), 6.00(1H, t, J=2.4Hz), 6.12(1H, ddd, J=0.8, 2.4,8.0Hz), 6.23(1H, ddd, J=0.8, 2.4, 8.0Hz), 6.98(2H, t, J=8.8Hz), 7.05(1H, t, J=8.0Hz), 7.16(2H, dd, J=4.2, 8.8Hz).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2002/19531,2002,A1

22
[ 74-85-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 29419-14-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With thionyl chloride; In ice-water; 1,1-dichloroethane; dichloromethane;	Preparation of 6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalen-2-one 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (1 equivalent) was dissolved in dichloroethane (1.3 M) containing SOCl2 (3 equivalents), the mixture was refluxed for 90 minutes and the solvent was removed. Solution of this crude product in CH2Cl2 was added dropwise within 60 minutes to AICl3 (2 eq) in CH2Cl2 (0.4 M) while stirring at 0 C. Thereafter, ethylene was introduced at 0 C. over 45 minutes, whereupon the mixture was stirred further at room temperature for 1 hour, and thereafter was treated at 0 C. with ice-water. The organic phase was washed with 1N HCl (2*), NaHCO3 (sat. sol.), dried and evaporated. The residue was triturated with hexane, yielding the product as a bright yellow solid.
		3,4-Dihydro-6-fluoro-2(1H)-naphthalenone was prepared using a modified procedure of Stjemlof, P.; at. al. (J. Med. Chem.1995, 38, 2202). A solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (10.0 g, 64.9 mmol) and thionyl chloride (11.8 mL, 0.162 mol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (150 mL) was heated at reflux for 4 h, in a 500 mL round-bottom flask. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane and the solvent evaporated in vacuo (in order to remove excess thionyl chloride). The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (50 mL) and the solution was added dropwise, over 20 min, to a cooled suspension of aluminum chloride (21.6 g, 162 mmol) in dichloromethane (250 mL) at -10 to -5C. The suspension was stirred at -10C for 10 min. Ethylene was bubbled rapidly through the suspension for 20 min at -10 to 5C. Bubbling was continued at a very slow rate for the next 2 h while maintaining a temperature of -5C. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice (100 g), and the organic layer was separated and washed twice with water and once with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic solution was dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the crude tetralone (13.2 g), as a yellow solid. The tetralone was used without purification in the subsequent reaction although a portion of the crude product was recrystallized from hexanes to give purified 3,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-2(1H)-naphthalenone as a colorless solid (~50% recovery). 1H NMR (CDCl3) delta 2.55 (t, 2H), 3.05 (t, 2H), 3.54 (s, 2H), 6.85-6.97 (m, 2H) and 7.05-7.12 (m, 1 H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2002/137939,2002,A1
[2]Patent: EP1076644,2004,B1 .Location in patent: Page 33-34; 36

23
[ 121-44-8 ]
[ 50413-24-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 157672-00-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With hydrogenchloride; 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene In hexane; ethyl acetate; acetonitrile	1.2 Step 2 Step 2 To the product of Step 1 (216 mg) dissolved in acetonitrile (4 mL) was added Et3 N (0.26 mL), followed by 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (102 mg). After 1.5 h at room temperature 0.23 mL of DBU was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for another 45 min and then treated with 5 mL of 1N HCl. The product was extracted with EtOAc, dried over Na2 SO4 and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (40% EtOAc in hexane) to yield 150 mg of the title compound as a solid. 1 H NMR (CD3 COCD3) δ 3.15 (3H, s), 5.36 (3H, s), 7.18 (2H, J=8.9 Hz, t), 7.46 (2H, m), 7.7 (2H, J=8.65 Hz, d), 7.97 (2H, J=8.68, d).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: MERCK & CO INC - US5663195, 1997, A

24
[ 521310-76-9 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
tert-butyl (2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxybenzyl][(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl]amino}ethyl)carbamate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
83%	With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 0 - 20℃;	9-1 Example 9-1; tert-butyl(2- { [4-(benzyloxy)-3 -methoxybenzyl] [(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl] amino } ethyl)carbamate; To a solution of 200 mg (5.1 mmol) fert-butyl-(2-[4-(benzyloxy)-3 -methoxybenzyl] amino }- ethyl)carbamate in 2 ml DMF are added at rt 87.4 mg (0.57 mmol) 4-fluorophenylacetic acid, 76.9 mg (0.57 mmol) HOBT, a catalytic amount of 4-DMAP and 0.135 ml (0.77 mmol) N,N- diisopropylethylamine. The mixture is cooled to 00C and 109 g (0.57 mmol) l-(3- dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride are added at once. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm up to rt and stirring is continued over night, before poured onto water and extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers are washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate 3:1) to yield 225 mg (83% of th.) of the title compound.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: BAYER AG - WO2006/40136, 2006, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 52

25
[ 137-09-7 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 959958-63-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
72%	With polyphosphoric acid; at 200℃; for 1.5h;	General procedure: The derivatives were synthesized by heating 2,4-diaminophenoldihydrochloride (1) (0.01 mol) with suitable acid (2a-2l) (0.01 mol) in polyphosphoric acid (PPA) (24 g) and stirring at170-200 Cfor 1.5-2.5 h.At the end of the reaction period, theresidue was poured into an ice-water mixture and neutralizedwith an excess of NaOH (10 %) solution, and the residue wasfiltered and boiled with charcoal (200 mg) in ethanol and filtered.After the evaporation of solvent in vacuo, the crudeproduct was obtained and recrystallized from ethanol-water(1:3) mixture (Yildiz-Oren et al., 2004a; Sener et al., 1987;Wynne et al., 2009).

Reference： [1]Medicinal Chemistry Research,2016,vol. 25,p. 553 - 567
[2]European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2008,vol. 43,p. 2568 - 2578
[3]Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry,2016,vol. 55B,p. 240 - 247

26
[ 104-11-0 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1131740-36-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
65%	With O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃; for 16h;	Example 111; N-(4-Chloro-benzyl)-2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-methyl-4-[4-(2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-piperidin-1-yl]-butyramide; a) Step 1; N-(4-Chloro-benzyl)-2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-methyl-acetamide; A mixture of 1.09 g (7 mmol) 4-fluorophenylacetic acid, 1.37 g (9 mmol) (4-chloro-benzyl)-methyl-amine, 2.84 g (9 mmol) TBTU and 6 mL (35 mmol) DIPEA in 50 mL DMF was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. After evaporation of all volatiles Na2CO3 aq. was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with NaCl aq., dried with Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica eluting with a gradient formed from ethyl acetate and heptane. The product containing fractions were evaporated to yield 1.35 g (65%) of the title compound as yellow oil. MS(m/e): 292.2 (MH+).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2009/76081,2009,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 58

27
[ 41873-65-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1104307-81-4 ]

Reference： [1]European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2009,vol. 44,p. 1779 - 1787

28
1-O-dodecyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-4-O-methoxy-6-deoxy-6-amino-α-L-sorbofuranoside [ No CAS ]
[ 25952-53-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 939798-28-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		d. Synthesis of 1-O-Dodecyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-4-O-methyl-6-deoxy-6-[(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl]amino}-alpha-L-sorbofuranoside (Compound No. 108) 4-Fluorophenylaceticacid (21 mg), 1-hydroxybezotriazole (20 mg) and N-methylmorpholine (0.1 ml) was added to a solution of 1-O-Dodecyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-4-O-methyl-6-deoxy-6-amino-alpha-L-sorbofuranoside (55 mg) obtained from step c above in dimethylformamide (5 mL) at 0 C. and after 20 minutes at the same temperature was added EDCI.HCl (28 mg). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure the residue was taken in distilled water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified over preparative TLC (thickness 2 mm) using 40% ethylacetate-hexane as eluant to yield the title compound (35 mg). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta 7.21-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.00-7.05 (m, 2H), 5.84 (bs, 1H, NH), 4.49 (s, 1H), 4.31-4.33 (m, 1H) 3.63-3.65 (m, 1H), 3.43-3.59 (m, 8H), 3.44 (s, 3H), 1.55-1.58 (m, 2H), 1.26-1.48 (m, 24H), 0.86-0.89 (m, 3H). LCMS; (m/z), 538 (M+1), 560 (M+Na)

Reference： [1]Patent: US2009/75909,2009,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 45

29
[ 7560-50-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-((E)-3-methoxy-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)acrylic acid [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
47%		A mixture of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (2.5 g, 13.2 mmol) and methyl (E)-3-(4- formylphenyl) acrylate (2.03 g, 13.2 mmol) were dissolved under stirring with acetic anhydride (8 mL). To this mixture, diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) (3.4 mL, 19.7 mmol) was added and stirred at 30 ºC for 2 hours. Upon completion (as monitored by TLC using 100% ethyl acetate as eluent), the reaction mixture was poured into water and the pH adjusted to 1 using dilute HCl (1 : 1). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 150 mL). The combined ethyl acetate layer was washed with water till the washings were <n="30"/>neutral and dried over anhydrous Na2SC>4. The ethyl acetate layer was evaporated to dryness to obtain a sticky compound and further triturated with cold dichloromethane(DCM) to furnish a white solid. The solid obtained was filtered and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound (2 g, 47% yield).
47%	With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In acetic anhydride; at 30℃; for 2h;	General procedure: General procedure A Step-a: Synthesis of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-((E)-3-methoxy-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl) phenyl) acrylic acid (C). A mixture of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (2.5 g, 13.2 mmol) and methyl (E)-3-(4-formylphenyl)acrylate (2.03 g, 13.2 mmol) were dissolved under stirring with acetic anhydride (8 ml). To this mixture diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) (3.4 ml, 19.7 mmol) was added and stirred at 30 C for 2 h. Upon completion (as monitored by TLC using 100% ethyl acetate as eluent), the reaction mixture was poured into water and the pH was adjusted to 1 using dil. HClaq (1:1). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 * 150 ml). The combined ethyl acetate layer was washed with water till the washings were neutral and dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. The ethyl acetate layer was evaporated to dryness to obtain a sticky compound, which was triturated with cold dichloromethane (DCM) to furnish a white solid. It was filtered and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound (2 g, 47%).

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2009/53808,2009,A2 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 28-29
[2]European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2016,vol. 108,p. 274 - 286

30
[ 6638-79-5 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 457948-95-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
91%	Stage #1: 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid With 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole In dichloromethane at 0℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: O,N-dimethyl-hydroxylamine hydrochloride With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃;
88%	With 4-dimethylaminopyridine; N-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propyl]-N'-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 16h;	51 Compound 51.1. 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide To a stirred solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (15 g, 97.32 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in CH2CI2 (300mL) was added methoxy(methyl)amine hydrochloride (11.1 g, 113.79 mmol, 1.20 equiv), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (12 g, 98.22 mmol, 1.00 equiv), l-Ethyl-3-(3- dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (28.2 g, 147.10 mmol, 1.50 equiv), and DIEA (37.5 g, 290.14 mmol, 3.00 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 16 h and then diluted with EtOAc (150 mL). The organics were washed with aqueous IN HCI (2 x 150 mL) and brine (2 x 150 mL). It was then dried over anhydrous Na2S04 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, eluting with EtO Ac/petroleum ether (1 :3)). This resulted in 18 g (88%) of the title compound as yellow oil. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): δ ppm 7.29-7.25 (m, 2H), 7.03-6.99 (m, 2H), 3.75 (s, 2H), 3.65 (s, 3H), 3.21 (s, 3H).
81%	Stage #1: 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid With benzotriazole-1-yl-oxy-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: O,N-dimethyl-hydroxylamine hydrochloride With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere;

76%	Stage #1: 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-n,n,n',n'-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate In dichloromethane at 5℃; for 0.333333h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: O,N-dimethyl-hydroxylamine hydrochloride In dichloromethane for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;	1A Example 1A Synthesis of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide Example 1A Synthesis of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide 4-Fluorophenylacetic acid (2.0 g, 12.98 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (30 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen. The solution was cooled to 5° C. and HATU (5.92 g, 15.57 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (7.0 mL, 40.1 mmol) was added. After stirring for additional 20 min N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.0 g, 20.5 mmol) was added. After stirring for another 30 min complete conversion of the 4-fluorophenylacetic acid was observed (HPLC-MS). The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and was diluted with dichloromethane, subsequently washed with water (three times) and brine and dried over magnesium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was removed in vacuo and the crude product purified by flash chromatography (80 g silica, ethyl acetate and n-heptane). Yield: yellow oil (1.94 g, 9.84 mmol, 76%). ESI-MS [M+H+]=198 Calculated for C10H12FNO2=197.
	With 4-dimethylaminopyridine; N-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propyl]-N'-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere;
	With triethylamine; 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole In dichloromethane at 25℃; for 6h;
	With 4-dimethylaminopyridine; N-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propyl]-N'-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃;
	With 4-dimethylaminopyridine; N-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propyl]-N'-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere;
	With 4-dimethylaminopyridine; N-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propyl]-N'-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride In dichloromethane
	With 4-dimethylaminopyridine; N-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-propyl]-N'-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 3h;

Reference： [1]He, Qiaoqiao; Hou, Jun; Wei, Hongbo; Xie, Weiqing; Yan, Jiahang; Zeng, Hongxin; Zhang, Wenting [Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 2022, vol. 20, # 12, p. 2387 - 2391]
[2]Current Patent Assignee: BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB CO - WO2014/205223, 2014, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0134-0135
[3]Foster, Robert W.; Lenz, Eva N.; Simpkins, Nigel S.; Stead, Darren [Chemistry - A European Journal, 2017, vol. 23, # 37, p. 8810 - 8813]
[4]Current Patent Assignee: ABBVIE INC - US2016/75691, 2016, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0286; 0287; 0288; 0289
[5]Location in patent: experimental part Jiang, Jinlong; Bunda, Jaime L.; Doss, Geoge A.; Chicchi, Gary G.; Kurtz, Marc M.; Tsao, Kwei-Lan C.; Tong, Xinchun; Zheng, Song; Upthagrove, Alana; Samuel, Koppara; Tschirret-Guth, Richard; Kumar, Sanjeev; Wheeldon, Alan; Carlson, Emma J.; Hargreaves, Richard; Burns, Donald; Hamill, Terence; Ryan, Christine; Krause, Stephen M.; Eng, WaiSi; DeVita, Robert J.; Mills, Sander G. [Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2009, vol. 52, # 9, p. 3039 - 3046]
[6]Location in patent: scheme or table Basu, Sujay; Prasad, Uppuleti Viplava; Barawkar, Dinesh A.; De, Siddhartha; Palle, Venkata P.; Menon, Suraj; Patel, Meena; Thorat, Sachin; Singh, Umesh P.; Sarma, Koushik Das; Waman, Yogesh; Niranjan, Sanjay; Pathade, Vishal; Gaur, Ashwani; Reddy, Satyanarayana; Ansari, Shariq [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2012, vol. 22, # 8, p. 2843 - 2849]
[7]Zhang, Di-Han; Knelles, Jakob; Plietker, Bernd [Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis, 2016, vol. 358, # 15, p. 2469 - 2479]
[8]Gong, Jun; Li, Shi-Wu; Qurban, Saira; Kang, Qiang [European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2017, vol. 2017, # 25, p. 3584 - 3593]
[9]Liu, Wen; Pu, Maoping; He, Jun; Zhang, Tinghui; Dong, Shunxi; Liu, Xiaohua; Wu, Yun-Dong; Feng, Xiaoming [Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2021, vol. 143, # 30, p. 11856 - 11863]
[10]Xiong, Peng; Hemming, Marcel; Ivlev, Sergei I.; Meggers, Eric [Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2022, vol. 144, # 15, p. 6964 - 6971]

31
C₃₄H₂₅ClNO₃Pol [ No CAS ]
[ 126727-04-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₇H₁₆FN₂O₃Pol [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2009,vol. 52,p. 6790 - 6802

32
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 343788-69-2 ]
[ 1234564-67-0 ]

Reference： [1]European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2010,vol. 45,p. 2827 - 2840

33
[ 6940-76-7 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 516483-14-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
59%		NaHMDS (1.0 M in THF, 100 mL, 100 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (7.71 g, 50.0 mmol) in THF (100 mL) at 0 0C. The resulting mixture was aged for 20 min at 0 0C and neat l-chloro-3- iodopropane (5.27 mL, 50.0 mmol) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to rt. After 16 hr, the reaction was quenched with water (3 raL). The crude mixture was concentrated in vacuo. Aqueous NaOH (1 M, 150 mL) was added to the residue and the resulting mixture was extracted with Et2O (2x100 mL). The basic layer was acidified with aqueous HCl (1 M, 200 mL) and the resulting solution was extracted with Et2O (2x100 mL). The combined organic layers from the acidic extraction were washed with mixture of brine/lN HCl/sodium sulfite, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified using silica gel column chromatography (0-10percent EtOAc/hexane, linear gradient). The pure fractions were combined and concentrated to afford 5-chloro-2-(4-fluorophenyl)pentanoic acid (7.59 g, 29.6 mmol, 59 percent yield) as a light brown solid. 1H NMR (500 MHz, chloroform-d) delta ppm 7.30 (dd, J=8.55, 5.19 Hz, 2 H) 7.04 (t, J=8.70 Hz, 2 H) 3.58 (t, J-7.78 Hz5 1 H) 3.53 (t, J-5.80 Hz, 2 H) 2.21 (dddd, J-13.35, 10.45, 7.78, 5.34 Hz, 1 H) 1.90 - 2.01 (m, 1 H) 1.65 - 1.84 (m, 2 H).
59%		To a solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (1.54 g, 10 mmol) in anhydrous THF (20 mL) under nitrogen and cooled to 0 °C was added NaHMDS (l .OM, 20 mL, 20 mmol) dropwise. After 20 minutes at 0 °C l-chloro-3-iodopropane (1.05 mL, 10 mmol) was added and the reaction was allowed to warm to 25 °C. After 16 hours, water (4 mL) was added to the reaction dropwise, which was then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with aqueous NaOH solution (1.0 M) and extracted with Et20. The aqueous phase was acidified with dilute aqueous HC1 solution to pH 5 then extracted with Et20. The organic phase was washed with sodium sulfite solution and brine, dried (MgS0 ) and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography (silica, petroleum ether/EtOAc) to afford the title compound as a solid (1.36 g, 5.91 mmol, 59percent yield) LC-MS 229 (M- H)-. NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): delta 12.38 (s, 1 H); 7.27 (t, J = 6.72 Hz, 2 H); 7.09 (t, J = 8.62 Hz, 2 H); 3.59-3.48 (m, 3 H); 2.03-1.91 (m, 1 H); 1.76-1.43 (m, 3 H).

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2010/83141,2010,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 66
[2]Patent: WO2013/182274,2013,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 106

34
[ 10297-05-9 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1235492-78-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
84%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With sodium hexamethyldisilazane In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 0.333333h; Stage #2: 1-chloro 4-iodobutane In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃;	AE.1 NaHMDS (1.0 M in THF, 200 mL, 200 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (15.41 g, 100 mmol) in THF (200 mL) at 0 °C. The resulting mixture was aged for 20 min at 0 0C and neat l-chloro-4- iodobutane (21.85 g, 100 mmol) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to rt. After 16 hr, the reaction was quenched with water (3 mL). The crude mixture was concentrated in vacuo. Aqueous NaOH (1 M, 150 mL) was added to the residue and the resulting mixture was extracted with Et2O (2x250 mL). The basic layer was acidified with aqueous HCl (1 M5 200 mL ) and the resulting solution was extracted with Et2O (2x250 mL). The combined organic layers from the acidic extraction were washed with mixture of brine/lN HCl/sodium sulfite, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford 6-chloro-2-(4-fluorophenyl)hexanoic acid (22.8 g, 84 mmol, 84 % yield) as a viscous oil that slowly solidified upon standing to provide a light brown solid. LC-MS (M-Hf 243.1. 1H NMR (500 MHz, chloroform--/) δ ppm 7.29 (dd, J=8.70, 5.34 Hz, 2 H) 7.03 (t, J-8.70 Hz, 2 H) 3.56 (t5 J-7.63 Hz5 1 H) 3.51 (t5 J=6.56 Hz5 2 H) 2.06 - 2.14 (m, 1 H) 1.74 - 1.85 (m, 3 H) 1.33 - 1.51 (m, 2 H).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB CO - WO2010/83141, 2010, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 67

35
[ 54605-72-0 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₈H₁₃FN₂O₂ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry,2009,vol. 17,p. 295 - 302

36
[ 13433-00-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1245316-21-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
93%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride With pyridine In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 0 - 20℃;
93%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride With pyridine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 0 - 20℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere;	2 To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (4.5 g, 29.3 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (4.35 g, 32.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (140 ml) was added dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (6.65 g, 32.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting solution was cooled to 0° C., and then a solution of diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride (6.2 g, 29.3 mmol) in pyridine (4.5 ml, 29.3 mmol) and DMF (10 ml) was added. The temperature was allowed to rise to ambient temperature. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and a 5% NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer was washed with water, brine and dried over Na2SO4. After removing the solvents, the crude residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica (CH2Cl2/MeOH 50:1) to yield the title compound as a white solid (8.5 g, 93%).1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, 25° C.): δ=7.26-7.29 (m, 2H, PhH), 7.05 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H, PhH), 6.44 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H, NH), 5.12 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H, CH), 4.16-4.32 (m, 4H, CH2), 3.61 (s, 2H, CH2Ph), 1.27 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 6H, CH3) ppm.HRMS: calcd for C15H19FNO5 312.1247, found 312.1247.
93%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride With pyridine In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 0 - 20℃; for 1h;	2 Example 2 Synthesis of diethyl 2-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamido)malonate Example 2 Synthesis of diethyl 2-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamido)malonate To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (4.5 g, 29.3 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (4.35 g, 32.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (140 ml) was added dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (6.65 g, 32.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting solution was cooled to 0° C., and then a solution of diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride (6.2 g, 29.3 mmol) in pyridine (4.5 ml, 29.3 mmol) and DMF (10 ml) was added. The temperature was allowed to rise to ambient temperature. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and a 5% NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer was washed with water, brine and dried over Na2SO4. After removing the solvents, the crude residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica (CH2Cl2/MeOH 50:1) to yield the title compound as a white solid (8.5 g, 93%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, 25° C.): δ=7.26-7.29 (m, 2H, PhH), 7.05 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H, PhH), 6.44 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H, NH), 5.12 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H, CH), 4.16-4.32 (m, 4H, CH2), 3.61 (s, 2H, CH2Ph), 1.27 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 6H, CH3) ppm. HRMS: calcd for C15H19FNO5 312.1247, found 312.1247.

93%

Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride With pyridine In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 0 - 20℃; for 1h;

2 Synthesis of diethyl 2-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamido)malonate Example 2 Synthesis of diethyl 2-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamido)malonate To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (4.5 g, 29.3 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (4.35 g, 32.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (140 ml) was added dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (6.65 g, 32.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The resulting solution was cooled to 0° C., and then a solution of diethyl aminomalonate hydrochloride (6.2 g, 29.3 mmol) in pyridine (4.5 ml, 29.3 mmol) and DMF (10 ml) was added. The temperature was allowed to rise to ambient temperature. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and a 5% NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer was washed with water, brine and dried over Na2SO4. After removing the solvents, the crude residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica (CH2Cl2/MeOH 50:1) to yield the title compound as a white solid (8.5 g, 93%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, 25° C.): δ=7.26-7.29 (m, 2H, PhH), 7.05 (t, J=8.7 Hz, 2H, PhH), 6.44 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H, NH), 5.12 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 1H, CH), 4.16-4.32 (m, 4H, CH2), 3.61 (s, 2H, CH2Ph), 1.27 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 6H, CH3) ppm. HRMS: calcd for C15H19FNO5 312.1247. found 312.1247.

Reference： [1]Location in patent: experimental part Jang, Mi-Yeon; Lin, Yuan; De Jonghe, Steven; Gao, Ling-Jie; Vanderhoydonck, Bart; Froeyen, Mathy; Rozenski, Jef; Herman, Jean; Louat, Thierry; Van Belle, Kristien; Waer, Mark; Herdewijn, Piet [Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2011, vol. 54, # 2, p. 655 - 668]
[2]Current Patent Assignee: KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN - US2012/46278, 2012, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 42
[3]Current Patent Assignee: KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN - US2013/190297, 2013, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0509; 0510; 0511
[4]Current Patent Assignee: KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN - US2014/88088, 2014, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0521-0523

37
[ 14080-51-4 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 922700-72-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
30%	With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃; for 18h;	General procedure: A mixture 2-amino-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxamide (340 mg, 2 mmol), 2-(1-naphthalen-1-yl)acetic acid (372 mg, 2 mol), EDC (458 mg, 2.4 mmol), HOBt (324 mg, 2.4 mmol), DIEA ( 1.1 mL, 6 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction mixture was poured into 100 mL of water then extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL). The organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution (3 x 50 mL), brine (3 x 50 mL), water (3 x 50 mL) respectively. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed over silica gel (30 to 40% ethyl acetate in haxane) to afford compound 1 (277 mg, 41%).

Reference： [1]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry,2011,vol. 19,p. 2582 - 2588

38
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 34547-28-9 ]

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2011/120153,2011,A1
[2]Patent: WO2011/120153,2011,A1
[3]Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society,2012,vol. 33,p. 3943 - 3949
[4]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2014,vol. 24,p. 1677 - 1680
[5]Patent: EP2808014,2014,A1
[6]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2015,vol. 25,p. 481 - 484
[7]Medicinal Chemistry,2014,vol. 10,p. 810 - 823
[8]Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry,2017,vol. 54,p. 1423 - 1429
[9]Journal of Molecular Structure,2017,vol. 1138,p. 177 - 191
[10]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry,2017,vol. 25,p. 3736 - 3745
[11]RSC Advances,2018,vol. 8,p. 6306 - 6314
[12]Journal of Chemistry,2017,vol. 2017

39
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1324397-22-9 ]
[ 34547-28-9 ]

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2011/120153,2011,A1

40
[ 870-46-2 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1332855-98-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
100%	With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; triethylamine In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 18h;	3 Synthesis of compound 78:; To a solution of compound 77 (5.0 g ; 33 mmol ; 1 eq.) indichloromethane (100 mL) at room temperature was successively added triethylamine (13.0 mL ; 100 mmol ; 3 eq.), ie/t-butylcarbazate (4.8 g ; 36 mmol ; 1.1 eq.), EDCI (6.9 g ; 36 mmol ; 1.1 eq.) and HOBt (445 mg ;3.3 mmol ; 0.1 eq.). After stirring the mixture for 18 hours at roomtemperature, the reaction was quenched by addition of a saturated solution of NH4CI (200 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (3 χ 200m L). The combined organic phases were dried over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated to dryness to afford compound 78 as a colourless oil (9.1 g ; yield = 100%).
97%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 0.5h; Stage #2: t-butoxycarbonylhydrazine With triethylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 16h;
	With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃;	3.3R-1 To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (25 g) and tert-butyl carbazate (22.5 g) in DMF (200 ml) were added 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBT.H2O (27.3 g)) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (WSC.HCl (34.1 g)), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added, and the mixture was stirred for a while and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and saturated brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, and is concentrated to give the object compound (32.3 g) described in the above-mentioned scheme as a crude product.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: CRITICAL OUTCOME TECHNOLOGIES INC - WO2011/120153, 2011, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 90
[2]Crider, A. Michael; Farr, Susan A.; Frare, Rafael; Hospital, Audrey; Kontoyianni, Maria; Kukielski, Stephen G.; Minaeian, Mahsa; Mobayen, Shirin; Neumann, William L.; Niehoff, Michael L.; Sandoval, Karin E.; Slater, Olivia; Srabony, Khush N.; Witt, Ken A. [2021, vol. 12, # 8, p. 1352 - 1365]
[3]Current Patent Assignee: JAPAN TOBACCO INC - US2012/108564, 2012, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 24; 25

41
[ 94594-90-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
1-((3aS,6R,7aR)-8,8-dimethyl-2,2-dioxidohexahydro-1H-3a,6-methanobenzo[c]isothiazol-1-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
80%	Stage #1: (2R)-bornane-10,2-sultam; p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With triethylamine In toluene at 80℃; Stage #2: With pivaloyl chloride In toluene at 80 - 110℃; for 24h;
75%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With pivaloyl chloride; triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran at -78 - 0℃; for 1.08333h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: (2R)-bornane-10,2-sultam With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran; hexane at -78℃; for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere;

Reference： [1]Location in patent: experimental part Lu, Wen-Chang; Cao, Xiu-Fang; Hu, Ming; Li, Fei; Yu, Guang-Ao; Liu, Sheng-Hua [Chemistry and biodiversity, 2011, vol. 8, # 8, p. 1497 - 1511]
[2]Zhang, Lumin; Zhu, Lili; Yang, Jun; Luo, Jisheng; Hong, Ran [Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016, vol. 81, # 9, p. 3890 - 3900]

42
[ 402-46-0 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1342253-91-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
82%	With dmap; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 12h;	General procedure: To a round-bottom flask (500 mL) that contained a solution of aryl sulfonamide (6 mmol), 4-dimethyaminopyridine (DMAP, 13 mmol), and 1-[3-(dimethyamino)-propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI, 13 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (150 mL) was added the synthesized phenylacetic acid (6 mmol) at room temperature. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 h, then cooled to 5 C, and acidified to pH 1 with addition of HCl aqueous solution (10%), which was followed by extraction with CH2Cl2/MeOH (9:1, 3 × 100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was subjected to silica gel chromatography or crystallization if necessary to afford the compounds (20-44) (Scheme 2).

Reference： [1]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry,2011,vol. 19,p. 6069 - 6076

43
[ 5466-88-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
6-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetyl)-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
80%	Stage #1: 3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-1,4-benzoxazine; p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With phosphoric acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride at 0 - 20℃; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With sodium hydrogencarbonate In water at 0℃; Inert atmosphere;	4.1.7.1. Typical procedure for the synthesis 6-phenylacetyl-4H-benzo [1,4]-oxazin-3-one General procedure: Phosphoric acid (3.15 g, 0.032 mol) and TFAA (21.8 mL, 0.104 mol) were added to the mixture of 4H-Benzo [1,4]oxazin-3-one (4 g, 0.026 mol) and substituted phenylacetic acid (1.1eq), at 0 °C. After completion of addition, the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 °C and adjusted the pH to 7 by adding the saturated NaHCO3 solution. The precipitated solid was filtered, washed with water and dried to give the desired product.
80%	With phosphoric acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride at 0 - 20℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere;

Reference： [1]Location in patent: experimental part Rajitha, Chittipaka; Dubey; Sunku, Venkataiah; Javier Piedrafita; Veeramaneni, Venugopal Rao; Pal, Manojit [European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2011, vol. 46, # 10, p. 4887 - 4896]
[2]Rajitha, Chittipaka; Dubey; Sunku, Venkataiah; Veeramaneni, Venugopal Rao; Pal, Manojit [Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2013, vol. 50, # 3, p. 630 - 637]

44
[ 654-70-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₆H₁₀F₄N₂O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Genera. method for the synthesis of the intermediate (3)A corresponding phenyl acetic acid (2) (3.89 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane and cooled in an ice bath to +5 - 0 degrees. 0.88 ml (2 equiv- alents) of oxa.yl chloride was dropped in dich.oromethane while keeping the temperature at +5 - 0 degrees. After addition was complete the ice bath was removed and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature (RT). After stirring for 4 hours, the mixture was cooled to 0 degree and the aniline (1 ) (3.89 mmoi) was added in dimethyiacetamide (10 ml). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT and monitored by TLC. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was poured in ice water and extracted with dich.oromethane. The Organic phase was washed with water and dried over Na;?SO and evaporated to give (3).

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2012/7644,2012,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 13-14

45
[ 4570-41-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1089537-65-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
82%	With dmap; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; In dichloromethane; at 20℃;	Step 1:To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (1.0 g, 6.5 mmol) and <strong>[4570-41-6]2-amino-benzoxazole</strong> (850 mg, 6.5 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (50 mL) was added DMAP (237 mg, 1.9 mmol) and EDC.HCl (1.5 g, 7.8 mmol).The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature over night.The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo.Purification by chromatography (silica, 30percent ethyl acetate/CH2Cl2) afforded N-benzooxazol-2-yl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamide (1.44 g, 82percent): 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) delta ppm 3.85 (s, 2H) 7.11-7.21 (m, 2H) 7.23-7.44 (m, 4H) 7.52-7.69 (m, 2H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2012/149718,2012,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 46

46
[ 148-53-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 724755-37-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
95%	With 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide; triethylamine In acetic acid butyl ester; ethyl acetate at 120℃;	General procedure: T3P mediated synthesis of coumarins: To a mixture of 2-hydroxyaryl aldehyde/ketone (1, 0.01 mol) and appropriate acetic acid (2, 0.01 mol) in n-BuOAc (10 mL) was added T3P (0.02 mol, 50% soln in EtOAc) followed by triethylamine (0.02 mol). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 6-10 h under conventional heating. When the reaction was completed (monitored by TLC), the mixture was cooled and washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution (1 × 10 mL), water and brine. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was passed through a small plug of silica to afford the coumarins (3) in good purity and yield.
80%	With 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane In neat (no solvent) at 180℃; for 1.83333h;	Synthesis of3-Arylcoumarins:GeneralProcedure General procedure: 2-Hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (1c) was synthesizedfrom2,3,4-trimethoxy benzaldehydeaccordingtotheliterature.[29] A mixtureofsalicylaldehydederivative 1 (0.5 mmol), phenylaceticacidderivative 2 (1 mmol), andDABCO(3 mmol) was heatedat180 °C fortheappropriatetime (Table 1). Afterthecompletion ofthereaction (monitored bythin-layerchromatography,TLC),it wasdilutedwithicewaterandextractedwithdichloromethane (3 × 15 ml). Theorganic layerwasdriedoverNa2SO4, andthesolventwasevaporatedunderreducedpressure. Thecrudeproductwasrecrystallizedfromethanoltogivethepurecompound. Alltheproductswerecharacterizedusing 1H NMR, 13C NMR,andCHN analysis. 3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-8-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (3n). Yield: 80%, white crystals, mp 205-207 oC. IR (KBr): 1716 (C=O) cm-1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 4.00 (s, 3H, OCH3), 7.09-7.16-7.19 (m, 4H, H5, H7, H3', H5'), 7.26 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H, H6), 7.71-7.75 (dd, J = 9.0, 5.5 Hz,2H, H2', H6'), 7.79 (s, 1H, H4). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 56.27, 113.3, 115.5 (d, JC-F =21.4 Hz), 119.3, 120.2, 124.4, 127.5, 130.4 (d, JC-F = 7.2 Hz), 130.7 (d, JC-F = 3.5 Hz), 139.8,143.1, 147.0, 160.0, 163.1 (d, JC-F = 247.4 Hz). Anal. calcd. for C16H11FO3: C, 71.11; H, 4.10.Found: C, 71.28; H, 4.27.
56%	With acetic anhydride; triethylamine at 120℃; for 8h;	General Procedure for the preparation of 3-arylcoumarin General procedure: A mixture of salicylaldehyde derivative (8 mmol), phenylacetic acid derivative (16 mmol), acetic anhydride (20 mL) and triethylamine (5 mL) were heated at 120 for eight hours. After cooling to room temperature, reaction mixture was slowly poured into ice-water (200 mL) with violent stirring. The precipitated solid was filtered off andrecrystallized from ethyl acetate to give 3-arylcoumarin.

Reference： [1]Location in patent: experimental part Augustine, John Kallikat; Bombrun, Agnes; Ramappa, Balakrishna; Boodappa, Chandrakantha [Tetrahedron Letters, 2012, vol. 53, # 33, p. 4422 - 4425]
[2]Rahmani-Nezhad, Samira; Khosravani, Leila; Saeedi, Mina; Divsalar, Kouros; Firoozpour, Loghman; Pourshojaei, Yaghoub; Sarrafi, Yaghoub; Nadri, Hamid; Moradi, Alireza; Mahdavi, Mohammad; Shafiee, Abbas; Foroumadi, Alireza [Synthetic Communications, 2015, vol. 45, # 6, p. 751 - 759]
[3]Pu, Wenchen; Lin, Yuan; Zhang, Jianshuo; Wang, Fei; Wang, Chun; Zhang, Guolin [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2014, vol. 24, # 23, p. 5432 - 5434]

47
[ 71347-59-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₇H₁₃F₂N₅O [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2012,vol. 55,p. 8091 - 8109,19

48
[ 71347-59-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1399857-71-6 ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2012,vol. 55,p. 8091 - 8109,19

49
[ 934758-27-7 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1426845-49-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
25%	With polyphosphoric acid; at 130℃; for 4.0h;Inert atmosphere;	Step 1 - Synthesis of 5-bromo-2-(4-fluorobenzyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinePPA (2 mL) was heated at 130 C, and then 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (400 mg, 2.6 mmol) and <strong>[934758-27-7]2-amino-6-bromopyridin-3-ol</strong> (589 mg, 3.1 mmol) were added under N2 protection. After stirred at 130 C for 4 hours, the mixture was quenched with ice and NaOH (aq). Then the mixture was extracted with EtOAc, dried over Na2S04, filtrated and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography (PE : EtOAc = 15 : 1 to 10 : 1) to give the product of 5-bromo-2-(4-fluorobenzyl)oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine (200 mg, yield: 25%). 1H-NMR (CDC13, 400 MHz) delta 7.61 (d, J= 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J= 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, J= 8.0, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 7.02 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 4.28 (s, 2H). MS (M+H)+: 307 / 309.

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2013/34048,2013,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 70

50
[ 934758-27-7 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1426845-03-5 ]

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2013/34048,2013,A1

51
[ 85333-26-2 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1415834-62-6 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With dmap; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; In dichloromethane; at 20℃; for 24h;Reflux;	General procedure: To a stirred solution of 3a (692 mg, 2.4 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (20 mL) was added TFA (6.0 mL, 34.0 mmol), and the reaction mixture was refluxed for 48 h. After cooling, the reaction was quenched with 10% NaOH (aq), and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with CH2Cl2 (10 mL 3). The organic layer and extracts were combined, dried over K2CO3, and evaporated to give amine, which was used directly in the next step. To a stirred solution of the amine obtained above in CH2Cl2 (15 mL) were added 2,6-difluorophenylacetic acid (409 mg, 2.4 mmol), EDC*HCl (910 mg, 2.62 mmol), and DMAP (29 mg, 0.24 mmol), and the resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The reaction was quenched with satd. NaHCO3 (aq), and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with CH2Cl2 (10 mL x 3). The organic layer and extracts were combined, dried over K2CO3, and evaporated to give residue, which was chromatographed on silica gel (25 g, hexane:acetone = 8:1) to give 4a (925 mg, 84%) as a colorless solid.

Reference： [1]European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2013,vol. 62,p. 649 - 660

52
[ 100-66-3 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 2729-19-3 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
76%	Stage #1: methoxybenzene; p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With tetraphosphoric acid In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 0.166667h; Stage #2: With trifluoroacetic anhydride In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 8h;	4.2. A representative synthetic procedure of skeleton 3 is as follows General procedure: PPA (H6P4O13, polyphosphoric acid, 1.7 g, 5.0 mmol) was added to a solution of substituted arenes (3.3 mmol) and phenylacetic acids (3.0 mmol) in MeCN (10 mL) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 10 min. TFAA (trifluoroacetic anhydride, 850 mg, 4.0 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 8 h. The solvent was concentrated. The residue was diluted with water (10 mL) and the mixture was extracted with CH2Cl2 (320 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried, filtered and evaporated to afford crude product under reduced pressure. Purification on silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc=8/1-4/1) afforded 3.
	With phosphoric acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride at 25℃;
	With phosphoric acid; acetic anhydride at 25℃; for 0.0166667h;

	With phosphoric acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride at 20℃; for 0.0833333h;	General procedure for the preparation of compounds 5a-d General procedure: To a stirred solution of phenylacetic acid derivative (1mmol), anisole (1.2 mmol) and phosphoric acid (1.2 mmol)was added trifluoroacetic acid anhydride (4 mmol) andstirred for 5 min at room temperature. Then crushed ice wasadded to the reaction mixture while stirring and the precipitatewas filtered and washed with water and then petroleumether respectively. The crude product was used inthe next step without further purification.
	With phosphoric acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride at 20℃; for 0.166667h;	Synthesis of 1,2-Diarylethanones (1a-j) General procedure: To a mixture of arylacetic acid derivatives (1 eq), anisole or thioanisole (1.2 eq) and phosphoric acid (1.2 eq), was added trifluoroacetic anhydride (4 eq) and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 min. Crushed ice was added to the mixture to precipitate the product and then it was filtered and washed with water and petroleum ether. It was used in the next step without further purification. Compounds characterization was previously reported by us in our recent publication (Kucukkilinc et al. 2017; Valipour et al. 2019).
	With phosphoric acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride at 25℃; for 0.0166667h;	Procedure for synthesis of 2-bromo-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethanone To a mixture of phenyl acetic acid/p-substituted phenyl acetic acid (7.3 mmol), substituted aromatic hydrocarbon (one of 8.8 mmol) and 88-93% orthophosphoric acid (8.8 mmol) was added trifluoroacetic anhydride (29.5 mmol) rapidly with vigorous stirring at 25°C. The mixture turned into a dark colored solution with vigorous exothermic reaction. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 min at the same temperature and poured into ice cold water (50 ml) with stirring. Then it was washed with cold hexane (2×10 ml) to obtain desired ethanone derivatives as solid.To a solution of synthesized ethanone derivatives (200 mmol) in chloroform (30 ml) kept at 50°C was added dropwise bromine (220 mmol) with stirring. After being stirred at 50°C for 0.5 h, the mixture was washed successively with aqueous 10% sodium thiosulfate solution and water. The solvent was removed in vacuum to obtain the title compounds either as oil/solid mass/crystalline compounds (Scheme III).

Reference： [1]Chan, Chieh-Kai; Chen, Yi-Chia; Chen, Yeh-Long; Chang, Meng-Yang [Tetrahedron, 2015, vol. 71, # 49, p. 9187 - 9195]
[2]Assadieskandar, Amir; Salehi, Marjan; Vosooghi, Mohsen; Shafiee, Abbas; Amini, Mohsen [Synthetic Communications, 2013, vol. 43, # 18, p. 2501 - 2507]
[3]Salehi, Marjan; Ostad, Seyed Nasser; Riazi, Gholam Hossein; Assadieskandar, Amir; Cheraghi-Shavi, Tayebeh; Shafiee, Abbas; Amini, Mohsen [Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2014, vol. 23, # 3, p. 1465 - 1473]
[4]Tuylu Kucukkilinc, Tuba; Safari Yanghagh, Kamaledin; Ayazgok, Beyza; Ali Roknipour, Mohammad; Homayouni Moghadam, Farshad; Moradi, Alireza; Emami, Saeed; Amini, Mohsen; Irannejad, Hamid [Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2017, vol. 26, # 11, p. 3057 - 3071]
[5]Firouzjaei, Fariba Abedi; Heidarli, Elmira; Ravan, Shabnam; Hosseini, Sayed Masoud; Naderi, Nima; Almasyan, Kiarash; Sarvary, Afshin; Irannejad, Hamid [Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2020, vol. 29, # 8, p. 1520 - 1535]
[6]Patel, Meghna; Noolvi; Patel, Zinal [Indian Journal of Chemistry - Section B Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2021, vol. 60, # 6, p. 874 - 880]

53
[ 2103-94-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 922700-48-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 24h;	General procedure for the synthesis of 2-phenyl-N-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl) acetamide derivatives 3a-3l and 4a-4l General procedure: For the synthesis of compounds 3a-3h, 3j, 3k, 4a-4h, 4j, 4k, a mixtureof corresponding acids (1 mmol), 4-phenylthiazol-2-ylamine derivatives (2a or 2b, 1 mmol), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC·HCl, 1.5 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotrizole (HOBt, 0.05 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (20-30mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After that, the solvent was removed in vacuo to afford a residue, which was extracted with EtOAc (3 ×20mL). The combined organic phases were dried with anhydrous Na2SO4. Removal of all the solvent in vacuo resulted in a residue, which was purified with recrystallization to give target products.

Reference： [1]Cheng, Kui; Xue, Jia-Yu; Zhu, Hai-Liang [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2013, vol. 23, # 14, p. 4235 - 4238]

54
[ 201230-82-2 ]
[ 352-11-4 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
84%	Stage #1: carbon monoxide With C₂₈H₂₂CoN₄O₆ In butan-1-ol at 60℃; for 2h; Glovebox; High pressure; Green chemistry; Stage #2: 1-chloromethyl-4-fluorobenzene With tetra-(n-butyl)ammonium iodide; sodium hydroxide In butan-1-ol at 60℃; for 22h; Glovebox; High pressure; Green chemistry; regioselective reaction;	4.4 Synthesis of 2a-u General procedure: A 100 mL reactor equipped with Teflon-coated magnetic stir bars was charged with n-Butyl alcohol (20 mL) and the catalyst (0.5 mmol). The reactor was then taken out of the glove box and pressured with carbon monoxide (1 atm). The mixture was stirred 2 h at 60 °C, cooled to ambient temperature and slowly vented. After benzyl chloride (10 mmol), NaOH (15 mL, 15%), and TBAI (0.25 mmol) were added, the reactor was sealed and the reaction mixtures were stirred for 22 h at 60 °C under carbon monoxide (1 atm). After the reaction, the water phase was detached and washing the organic phase three times with H2O (3×5 mL), the combined water layer was washed with Et2O, then the resulting solution was cooled to 0 °C and adjusted to pH=1-2 with HCl (6 mol/L). The product was filtered, dried in RT, and then recrystallized.
84%	With cobalt(II) pyridine-2-carboxylate; palladium diacetate; sodium hydroxide In methanol at 180℃; for 6h; Autoclave;	8 312 ml of methanol, 0.55 g of cobalt pyridine-2-carboxylate,Palladium acetate 1.37g,Adding to the autoclave reaction vessel, stirring for 5 minutes to dissolve the catalyst, replacing the air in the kettle three times with CO, raising the temperature to 180 ° C, flushing the CO to a pressure of 1.5 MPa. Within 1 hour,At the same time, 57.8 g (0.4 mol) of p-fluorobenzyl chloride and 160 g (1.2 mol) of 30% NaOH were added dropwise to the reaction vessel.After reacting for 5 hours, the temperature was lowered to room temperature, methanol was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, the catalyst was filtered off, and the pH was adjusted to 1 by adding 30% hydrochloric acid, and filtered.Dry to obtain p-fluorophenylacetic acid,The purity was 99.40%, and the yield was 84%.
84%	With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; tetraethylammonium chloride; sodium hydroxide In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene at 80℃; for 20h; Autoclave; regioselective reaction;	Catalytic experiments General procedure: The carbonylation reaction was performed in a 150 mL polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)-lined autoclave equipped witha magnetic stir bar. In a typical experiment, the substituted benzyl chloride (0.01 mol), Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 (0.13 mmol),TEAC (0.18 mmol), NaOH (4 M, 8 mL) and DMB (10 mL)were placed in the autoclave. The autoclave was purged three times with N2 and three times with CO, and then heated to 80 °C. During the reaction, the CO pressure was maintained at 1.5 MPa. When the reaction was complete,the autoclave was cooled to room temperature in ice water,and the CO was discharged to atmospheric pressure. The mixture was then adjusted to pH 2 with HCl (12 M), and the solid was collected via filtration and air-dried. The crude product was recrystallised in MeOH/H2O (1:1, v/v) to obtain 2,4-DCPA. The remaining commercially available catalysts were evaluated under the same conditions. The percent conversion and yield were quantified by the method reported by Lei et al.

Reference： [1]She, Meng-Yao; Xiao, Da-Wei; Yin, Bing; Yang, Zheng; Liu, Ping; Li, Jian-Li; Shi, Zhen [Tetrahedron, 2013, vol. 69, # 35, p. 7264 - 7268]
[2]Current Patent Assignee: JIANGSU LIANHE CHEMICAL TECH; LIANHETECH YANCHENG; LIANHE CHEMICAL TECH - CN109320413, 2019, A Location in patent: Paragraph 0054; 0055; 0056
[3]Li, He; Zhang, Yijun; Liu, Dinghua; Liu, Xiaoqin [Journal of Chemical Research, 2019, vol. 43, # 11-12, p. 548 - 552]

55
[ 50413-24-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 157672-00-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
73%	Stage #1: p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With sodium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 1h; Stage #2: 2-bromo-1-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)ethanone In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 1h; Stage #3: With diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 60℃; for 4h;	4.1.4. General procedure for the synthesis of rofecoxib (2) and its analogs (11a,b) General procedure: 50% NaOH (0.8 mL, 15 mmol) was slowly added with stirring to a solution of phenyl acetic acid (2.0 g, 15 mmol) or 2-chlorophenylacetic acid (2.0 g, 12 mmol) or 4-fluorophenylaceticacid (2.0 g, 13 mmol) in DMF (60 mL). Stirring was continued for 1 h at r.t., and 2-bromo-1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)ethanone (9,3.45 g, 12.5 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred for another 1 h, followed by diisopropylamine (3.8 mL) was slowly added. Stirring was continued for 4 h at 60 °C, and the mixture was acidified with 2 N HCl (a color change from dark brown to light yellow was observed). Then, ice and H2O (50 mL) were added and the stirring continued for a few minutes. The precipitate was filtered and rinsed with H2O. The crude wet solid was dried under vacuum to give 2 (3.56 g, 76%).

Reference： [1]Liu, Gai-Zhi; Xu, Hai-Wei; Wang, Peng; Lin, Zong-Tao; Duan, Ying-Chao; Zheng, Jia-Xin; Liu, Hong-Min [European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2013, vol. 65, p. 323 - 336]

56
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 226888-37-5 ]

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2013/131408,2013,A1
[2]Patent: WO2018/116107,2018,A1

57
[ 634-36-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)ethanone [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
68%	Stage #1: 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene; p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With tetraphosphoric acid In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 0.166667h; Stage #2: With trifluoroacetic anhydride In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 8h;	4.2. A representative synthetic procedure of skeleton 3 is as follows General procedure: PPA (H6P4O13, polyphosphoric acid, 1.7 g, 5.0 mmol) was added to a solution of substituted arenes (3.3 mmol) and phenylacetic acids (3.0 mmol) in MeCN (10 mL) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 10 min. TFAA (trifluoroacetic anhydride, 850 mg, 4.0 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 8 h. The solvent was concentrated. The residue was diluted with water (10 mL) and the mixture was extracted with CH2Cl2 (320 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried, filtered and evaporated to afford crude product under reduced pressure. Purification on silica gel (hexanes/EtOAc=8/1-4/1) afforded 3.
	With phosphoric acid; trifluoroacetic anhydride at 25℃; for 0.0166667h;

Reference： [1]Chan, Chieh-Kai; Chen, Yi-Chia; Chen, Yeh-Long; Chang, Meng-Yang [Tetrahedron, 2015, vol. 71, # 49, p. 9187 - 9195]
[2]Salehi, Marjan; Amini, Mohsen; Ostad, Seyed Nasser; Riazi, Gholam Hossein; Assadieskandar, Amir; Shafiei, Bentolhoda; Shafiee, Abbas [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2013, vol. 21, # 24, p. 7648 - 7654]

58
[ 76456-06-9 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1548754-46-6 ]

Reference： [1]Organic Letters,2014,vol. 16,p. 968 - 971

59
[ 76456-06-9 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1548753-16-7 ]

Reference： [1]Organic Letters,2014,vol. 16,p. 968 - 971

60
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 824-75-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
67%	With ammonium hydroxide; oxygen In neat (no solvent) at 120℃; for 6h; Sealed tube;	General Procedure for preparation of amides catalyzed by Fe₃O_4SiO₂-SMTU-Cu General procedure: A sealed pressure vessel was charged with phenylacetic acids (68.0 mg, 0.5 mmol), Fe3O4SiO2-SMTU-Cu catalyst (20 mg), and aqueous ammonia solution (28 wt% in H2O; 1.5 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at 120 °C under O2 (monitored by TLC and GC) for 6 hours. Upon completion of the reaction, the catalyst was separated using magnetic stirring bar and ethyl acetate (20 mL) was added, the organic layer was washed with saturate NaHCO3 (20 mL) solution twice, brine (20 mL) once, the combined aqueous layers was extracted with EtOAc (20 mL) twice. The combine organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. The solvents were removed via rotary evaporator and the residue was purified with flash chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate: petroleum ether=2:1) to give amide products.
55%	With copper oxide (I); ammonium hydroxide; oxygen In lithium hydroxide monohydrate at 130℃; for 40h;

Reference： [1]Riadi, Yassine; M. Kadhim, Mustafa; Jawad Shoja, Sarah; Hussein Ali, Muneam; Fakri Mustafa, Yasser; Sajjadi, Ahmad [Synthetic Communications, 2022, vol. 52, # 6, p. 875 - 887]
[2]Song, Qiuling; Feng, Qiang; Yang, Kai [Organic Letters, 2014, vol. 16, # 2, p. 624 - 627]

61
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1194-02-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
72%	With 1,10-Phenanthroline; oxygen; copper(II) oxide; potassium ferrocyanide In dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; for 40h; Autoclave;	2.2. General procedure for the conversion of arylacetic acids to aromatic nitriles General procedure: The reaction was carried out in a 40 mL stainless steel autoclave lined with Teflon. Typically, 0.5 mmol substrate, 0.6 mmol K4Fe(CN)6, 0.1mmol CuO, 0.5 mmol 1,10-phenanthroline and 2 mL DMSO were added into the reactor and 1.5MPa of oxygen was filled. Then the reaction system was heated under magnetic stirring at 120°C for 40h. Once the reaction time was reached, the mixture was cooled to room temperature. GC analysis of the reaction mixture provided the GC yields of the products. In addition, the crude product from another parallel experiment was purified by column chromatography, and identified by 1H NMR and 13C NMR.
66%	With oxygen; copper(II) trifluoroacetate; urea In dimethyl sulfoxide at 110℃; for 26h; Green chemistry;

Reference： [1]Ren, Yun-Lai; Shen, Zhenpeng; Tian, Xinzhe; Xing, Ai-Ping; Zhao, Zhe [Catalysis Communications, 2021, vol. 149]
[2]Feng, Qiang; Song, Qiuling [Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis, 2014, vol. 356, # 8, p. 1697 - 1702]

62
[ 90-02-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 364-58-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
91%	With 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane In neat (no solvent) at 180℃; for 1.5h;	Synthesis of3-Arylcoumarins:GeneralProcedure General procedure: 2-Hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (1c) was synthesizedfrom2,3,4-trimethoxy benzaldehydeaccordingtotheliterature.[29] A mixtureofsalicylaldehydederivative 1 (0.5 mmol), phenylaceticacidderivative 2 (1 mmol), andDABCO(3 mmol) was heatedat180 °C fortheappropriatetime (Table 1). Afterthecompletion ofthereaction (monitored bythin-layerchromatography,TLC),it wasdilutedwithicewaterandextractedwithdichloromethane (3 × 15 ml). Theorganic layerwasdriedoverNa2SO4, andthesolventwasevaporatedunderreducedpressure. Thecrudeproductwasrecrystallizedfromethanoltogivethepurecompound. Alltheproductswerecharacterizedusing 1H NMR, 13C NMR,andCHN analysis. 3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one (3g). Yield: 91%, white crystals, mp 191-193 oC. IR(KBr): 1712 (C=O) cm-1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.14-7.18 (t, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H, H3', H5'),7.33 (td, J = 7.7, 1.2 Hz, 1H, H6), 7.40 (dd, J = 7.7, 1.2 Hz, 1H, H8), 7.54-7.58 (m, 2H, H5, H7),7.72 (dd, J = 9.0, 5.5 Hz, 2H, H2', H6'), 7.81 (s, 1H, H4). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 115.5(d, JC-F = 21.4 Hz), 116.5, 119.6, 124.6, 127.6 (d, JC-F = 54.7 Hz), 130.4 (d, JC-F = 22.8 Hz),130.5, 130.7, 131.5, 139.79, 153.5, 160.6, 161.1 (d, JC-F = 247.7 Hz). Anal. calcd. for C15H9FO2:C, 75.00; H, 3.78. Found: C, 75.18; H, 3.89.
56%	With acetic anhydride; triethylamine at 120℃; for 8h;	General Procedure for the preparation of 3-arylcoumarin General procedure: A mixture of salicylaldehyde derivative (8 mmol), phenylacetic acid derivative (16 mmol), acetic anhydride (20 mL) and triethylamine (5 mL) were heated at 120 for eight hours. After cooling to room temperature, reaction mixture was slowly poured into ice-water (200 mL) with violent stirring. The precipitated solid was filtered off andrecrystallized from ethyl acetate to give 3-arylcoumarin.
50%	Stage #1: salicylaldehyde; p-Fluorophenylacetic acid With acetic anhydride; triethylamine at 112℃; for 1.16667h; Microwave irradiation; Green chemistry; Stage #2: With hydrogenchloride In ethanol; water at 80℃; for 3h; Green chemistry;

Reference： [1]Rahmani-Nezhad, Samira; Khosravani, Leila; Saeedi, Mina; Divsalar, Kouros; Firoozpour, Loghman; Pourshojaei, Yaghoub; Sarrafi, Yaghoub; Nadri, Hamid; Moradi, Alireza; Mahdavi, Mohammad; Shafiee, Abbas; Foroumadi, Alireza [Synthetic Communications, 2015, vol. 45, # 6, p. 751 - 759]
[2]Pu, Wenchen; Lin, Yuan; Zhang, Jianshuo; Wang, Fei; Wang, Chun; Zhang, Guolin [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2014, vol. 24, # 23, p. 5432 - 5434]
[3]Hu, Yuheng; Wang, Bing; Yang, Jie; Liu, Teng; Sun, Jie; Wang, Xiaojing [Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2019, vol. 34, # 1, p. 15 - 30]

63
[ 67442-07-3 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 303967-88-6 ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Organic Chemistry,2014,vol. 79,p. 8917 - 8925

64
[ 30235-28-0 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 692869-52-6 ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2015,vol. 58,p. 5028 - 5037

65
[ 623-69-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
1,3-dimethoxypropan-2-yl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Organic Chemistry,2015,vol. 80,p. 7896 - 7904

66
[ 623-69-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
ethyl 3-(2-(2-((1,3-dimethoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl)-5-fluorophenyl)acrylate [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Organic Chemistry,2015,vol. 80,p. 7896 - 7904

67
[ 362-75-4 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
80.5%	With di-isopropyl azodicarboxylate; triphenylphosphine In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Cooling with ice;	2.7 2.1.1. General procedure for preparation of compounds b General procedure: Triphenylphosphine (1.5 mmol), 20,30-O-isopropylideneadenosine(1.0 mmol), and an appropriately substituted benzeneacetic acids(1.0 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous THF (20 mL). After thesolution was cooled in an ice bath, diisopropyl azodicarboxylate(DIAD 2.0 mmol) was added dropwise, and the resulted mixturewas stirred at room temperature for several hours (monitored byTLC). Evaporation to dryness and flash chromatography (AcOEt/petroleum ether, from 5:1 to 3:1) afforded compounds b(Scheme 3). 2.1.7 ((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (b3) White powder, 80.5%, mp 154-156 °C; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): 1.33 (s, 3H, CH3); 1.54 (s, 3H, CH3); 3.57-3.67 (m, 2H, CH2); 4.16-4.20 (m, 1H, CH); 4.26-4.30 (m, 1H, CH); 4.37-4.40 (m, 1H, CH); 5.02-5.04 (m, 1H, CH); 5.42-5.44 (m, 1H, CH); 6.18 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H, CH); 7.07-7.13 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.21-7.25 (m, 2H, ArH); 7.38 (s, 2H, NH2); 8.17 (s, 1H, CHpurine); 8.30 (s, 1H, CHpurine); EIMS m/z 443 (M+). Anal. Calcd for C21H22FN5O5: C, 56.88; H, 5.00; F, 4.28; N, 15.79; Found: C, 56.97; H, 5.01; F, 4.27; N, 15.73.

Reference： [1]Wei, Wei; Shi, Wei-Kang; Wang, Peng-Fei; Zeng, Xiao-Tong; Li, Pan; Zhang, Ji-Rong; Li, Qian; Tang, Zhi-Ping; Peng, Jia; Wu, Lang-Zhou; Xie, Mei-Qun; Liu, Chan; Li, Xian-Hui; Wang, Ying-Chun; Xiao, Zhu-Ping; Zhu, Hai-Liang [Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 2015, vol. 23, # 20, p. 6602 - 6611]

68
[ 2835-77-0 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1229610-05-2 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
95%	With ammonium acetate; oxygen; copper diacetate In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 120℃; for 20h;
95%	With ammonium acetate; oxygen; copper diacetate In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 120℃; for 20h;	3 Example 3 Adding reaction bottle 1a (2mmol, 394 mg), 2c (4mmol, 616 mg), ammonium acetate (4mmol, 308 mg), copper acetate (20mol %, 80 mg) and NMP (10 ml). Oxygen is then used to replace the three times in the oxygen atmosphere of the reaction system, the 120 °C heating reaction 20 hours. After the reaction is finished first quenching with saturated sodium carbonate solution, then using ethyl acetate extraction, anhydrous sodium sulfate for drying, after decompression turns on lathe does solvent, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate mixed solvent for carrying out simple column chromatography to get product 3ac, the yield is 95%. White solid

Reference： [1]Yan, Yizhe; Shi, Miaomiao; Niu, Bin; Meng, Xiangping; Zhu, Changrui; Liu, Gengyao; Chen, Ting; Liu, Yanqi [RSC Advances, 2016, vol. 6, # 42, p. 36192 - 36197]
[2]Current Patent Assignee: ZHENGZHOU UNIVERSITY OF LIGHT INDUSTRY - CN105384697, 2016, A Location in patent: Page/Page column 5

69
[ 39900-63-5 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
2-cyano-4-methoxyphenyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With pyridine; trichlorophosphate In diethyl ether at 0 - 20℃; for 6.16667h;

Reference： [1]Bera, Milan; Modak, Atanu; Patra, Tuhin; Maji, Arun; Maiti, Debabrata [Organic Letters, 2014, vol. 16, # 21, p. 5760 - 5763]

70
[ 94790-37-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₄H₁₀FN₃O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; In dichloromethane; at 20℃;Inert atmosphere;	General procedure: An oven-dried 50 mL round-bottom flask containing a magnetic stirrer bar was sealed with a septum, charged with Ar and tared on a balance. KH (~0.5 g, 30% mineral oil dispersion) was then added to the flask and the mineral oil removed by trituration under Ar with pet. spirit (2 x 30 mL) using a syringe. The flask containing dry KH was purged with Ar and reweighed to obtain an accurate mass of KH. Dry THF (10 mL) was added to the flask containing KH (0.15 g, 3.7 mmol, under Ar) and the mixture cooled to 0 oC. 3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde 5 (0.23 g, 1.9 mmol) was dissolved in dry THF (5 mL) under Ar and added dropwise to the stirring KH solution (Caution - flask requires outlet needle to release evolving H2 gas). After complete addition the mixture was stirred for a further 5 minutes at 0 oC. The phenylacetic acid derivative (1.9 mmoles) was added to a separate dry 50 mL round-bottom flask under Ar along with HBTU (0.71 g, 1.9 mmoles) and dry CH2Cl2 (10 mL). DIPEA (0.65 mL, 3.7 mmoles) was added dropwise to the stirring solution and upon complete addition the mixture was stirred for a further 5 minutes or until the HBTU was completely dissolved. The HBTU solution was then cooled to 0 oC and added in a single portion to the K+ pyrrolate salt solution at 0 oC and the combined mixture allowed to warm slowly to room temperature. A dark red colour observed in each reaction indicated formation of the desired 5,7-dimethyl-2-aryl-3H-pyrrolizin-3-one. The reaction was quenched after ~ 2 h with ice-cold water (100 mL) and extracted with Et2O (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic phase was washed with 1 M HCl (2 x 50 mL), saturated NaHCO3 (2 x 50 mL) and brine (2 x 50 mL), dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated. The crude residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient from 100% pet. spirit to 1:9 acetone:pet. spirit to afford the 5,7-dimethyl-2-aryl-3H-pyrrolizin-3-one as a deep red solid.

Reference： [1]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2016,vol. 26,p. 1813 - 1816

71
[ 39835-11-5 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₆H₁₂FNO₃ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Angewandte Chemie - International Edition,2017,vol. 56,p. 5272 - 5276
Angew. Chem.,2017,vol. 129,p. 5356 - 5360,5

72
[ 39835-11-5 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₂₁H₁₈FNO₅ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Angewandte Chemie - International Edition,2017,vol. 56,p. 5272 - 5276
Angew. Chem.,2017,vol. 129,p. 5356 - 5360,5

73
[ 86-90-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₅H₈BrFO₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
50%		Step 1 (0542) After 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid (3.39g, 22.03mmol) was added into acetic anhydride (15.61mL, 165mmol) solution of Compound iii-13 (5g, 22.03mmol), the mixture was stirred at 100C for 30 minutes. After triethylamine (9.16mL, 66.1mmol) was added into the mixture, the mixture was stirred at 100C for 30 minutes. After 2 mol/L hydrochloric acid was added into the reaction mixture, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. After the organic layer was washed with water, the mixture was dried with sodium sulfate, and solvent was removed in vacuo. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to give Compound iii-14 (3.5g, 50%). LC/MS (ESI): 319 (M+1)

Reference： [1]Patent: EP3192794,2017,A1 .Location in patent: Paragraph 0541; 0542

74
[ 86-90-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₂₁H₂₀BFO₄ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Patent: EP3192794,2017,A1

75
[ 74-88-4 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 75908-73-5 ]

Reference： [1]Angewandte Chemie - International Edition,2017,vol. 56,p. 13145 - 13149
Angew. Chem.,2017,vol. 129,p. 13325 - 13329,5

76
[ 959235-95-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(6-(trifluoromethoxy)indolin-1-yl)ethanone [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
2.5 g	With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; HATU; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃; for 12.0h;	A mixture of <strong>[959235-95-1]6-(trifluoromethoxy)indoline</strong> [CAS 959235-95-1] (2 g, 9.84 mmol), 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetic acid [CAS 405-50-5] (1 .67 g, 10.8 mmol), HATU (5.6 g, 14.8 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (4.9 ml_, 29.5 mmol) in DMF (40 ml_) was stirred at room temperature for 12 h. Water was added and the precipitate was filtered off. The residue was taken up with EtOAc. The organic solution was washed with a 10% aqueous solution of K2CO3, brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (15-40 muiotatauiota, 80 g, heptane/EtOAc gradient 90/10 to 60/40). The pure fractions were combined and the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure to give 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1 -(6-(trifluoromethoxy)indolin- 1 -yl)ethanone 2a (2.5 g).

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2017/167951,2017,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 17

77
[ 69155-76-6 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
(E)-6-fluoro-3-(4-fluorostyryl)-4H-chromen-4-one [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Organic Letters,2017,vol. 19,p. 5984 - 5987

78
[ 139110-80-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₂₀H₂₅FN₄O₈ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
71.5%		1) Accurately weigh 118.2 mg (0.767 mmol) of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid,DCC 186.1 mg (0.902 mmol) was placed in a round bottom flask.Then add 3.0mL anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide to dissolve and mix, stir well, vacuum, nitrogen protection,The reaction was carried out at room temperature for 1 hour to give an active ester.(2) Accurately weighed <strong>[139110-80-8]zanamivir</strong> 150.0 mg (0.451 mmol) and dissolve it with 2 ml dimethyl sulfoxide.Slowly added to the active ester reaction solution,Then, 0.13 mL of triethylamine and 2.75 mg (0.022 mmol) of DMAP were added dropwise, mixed, and stirred well.Empty space, nitrogen protection, reaction at room temperature for 15 hours,The reaction was complete as monitored by TLC (ethyl acetate: methanol: water = 4:2:1).(3) After the reaction is finished, use medium-speed filter paper to filter and remove most of the urea byproducts;Dichloromethane and water were added to the filtrate and extracted to remove unreacted 4-fluorophenylacetic acid and active esters.Obtain the aqueous phase, filter the medium-speed filter,The urea byproduct was removed and the filtrate was removed by rotary evaporation at room temperature to remove the dichloromethane.Then it is frozen in a refrigerator at -80 degrees Celsius for 12 hours.After freeze-drying in a lyophilizer for 2 days, a white powdery product was obtained with a final yield of 71.5%.
		A DMSO solution (3 mL) containing HoBt (121.8 mg, 0.902 mmol),DCC (186.1 mg, 0.902 mmol), and 2-(4-fluorophenyl) acetic acid(118.2 mg, 0.767 mmol) was stirred at 25 C. After stirring for 1 h, asolution of <strong>[139110-80-8]zanamivir</strong> (150.0 mg, 0.451 mmol) in DMSO (2 mL) andEt3N (0.13 mL) was slowly added to the above solution under nitrogenprotection and the solution stirred at 25 C for 24 h. The process wasmonitored by TLC. The crystals were filtered and washed on the filterwith water (2 mL). The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc and H2O(10 mL×3). The combined water layer was concentrated under reducedpressure and freeze-dried in lyophilizer for 24 h. The crudeproduct was purified by a column of Sephadex LH-20 (EtOH/H2O=5/95) to afford target product compound 45a. The synthesis and purificationsteps of 45b are similar to that of 45a.

Reference： [1]Patent: CN107266404,2017,A .Location in patent: Paragraph 0018; 0019; 0020; 0021; 0022; 0023-0033
[2]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2018,vol. 28,p. 3622 - 3629

79
[ 1141894-75-8 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₇H₁₂F₄N₂O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With ATP; 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol; coenzyme A; In water; at 21.0℃;Enzymatic reaction;	General procedure: Biotransformations were performed in vitro using CoA ligases (phi, PhCL, CBL and ipfF) in combination with N-acyltransferases (CASHT and HolE) as purified proteins. The enzyme activity was evaluated towards a small panel of acids and amines (figure 2 & 6). Reactions were prepared in 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes according to table 9 and incubated overnight at 21 C with shaking 700 rpm in an Eppendorf thermomixer. Reactions containing no N-acyltransferase served as a negative control. A summary of the reactions evaluated is presented in table 10, the associated LC-MS traces for successful reactions which yielded amide product are shown in figure 9. There was a background chemical reaction between the CoA ester corresponding to acid 7 with amines 23, 30 and 32, which was observed in the negative control. There was no detectable increase over the background in the corresponding N-acyltransferase (HolE) reactions; therefore amines 23, 30 and 32 are not substrates for HolE. Nonetheless, sixteen of the reactions screened were successful and yielded structurally diverse amide products in good yields.

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2018/29097,2018,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 32-34

80
[ 85-61-0 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₂₉H₄₁FN₇O₁₇P₃S [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With ATP; 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol; magnesium chloride; In water; at 21℃; for 48h;pH 8.0;Enzymatic reaction;	General procedure: The activity of <strong>[85-61-0]CoA</strong> ligases phi, PhCL, CBL and ipfF towards a panel of nine acids (3, 5-9, 11 , 14 & 16) were evaluated using HPLC analysis. Nine reactions were prepared each with a different acid and <strong>[85-61-0]CoA</strong> ligase pair according to table 1. 4.1 Materials and Method Biotransformations were prepared as follows in 50 mL falcon tubes: 600 muIota Tris pH 8.0 (0.5M) 300 muIota ATP solution (50 mM solution prepared in water) 300 muIota MgC solution (50 mM solution prepared in water) 750 muIota Acid substrate solution (20 mM prepared in 50 mM Tris buffer pH 8.0) 300 muIota <strong>[85-61-0]CoA</strong> solution (50 mM prepared in water) 3.25 ml water The solutions were pH adjusted to pH 8.0 prior to the addition of the <strong>[85-61-0]CoA</strong> ligase solution (500 muIota, 0.5 mg/ml). The reactions were incubated at 21 C, 150 rpm for 48 hours in a Kuhner Climo Shaker.

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2018/29097,2018,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 27-28
[2]Green Chemistry,2018,vol. 20,p. 3426 - 3431

81
[ 763111-47-3 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
4-[3′-[4″-[(4‴-fluorophenyl)acetyl]piperazine-1″-carbonyl]-4′-fluorobenzyl]-2H-phthalazin-1-one [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2018,vol. 61,p. 4103 - 4114

82
[ 201230-82-2 ]
[ 459-46-1 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
86%	With cobalt(II) pyridine-2-carboxylate; palladium diacetate; sodium hydroxide In methanol at 180℃; for 6h; Autoclave;	21 312 ml of methanol, 0.55 g of cobalt pyridine-2-carboxylate,1.37 g of palladium acetate was added to the autoclave reactor.The catalyst was dissolved by stirring for 5 minutes, and the air in the kettle was replaced with CO three times, and the temperature was raised to 180 ° C.Rush into the CO until the pressure rises to 1.5 MPa. Within 1 hour,At the same time, 75.6 g (0.4 mol) of p-fluorobenzyl bromide and 160 g (1.2 mol) of 30% NaOH were added dropwise to the reaction vessel.After reacting for 5 hours, the temperature was lowered to room temperature, methanol was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, the catalyst was filtered off, and the pH was adjusted to 1 by adding 30% hydrochloric acid, and filtered.Dry to obtain p-fluorophenylacetic acid, the purity is:99.40%, the yield was 86%.
68%	With palladium hydroxide, 20 wt% on carbon; tetrabutylammomium bromide; water In tetrahydrofuran at 110℃; for 4h; Sealed tube; Autoclave;

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: JIANGSU LIANHE CHEMICAL TECH; LIANHETECH YANCHENG; LIANHE CHEMICAL TECH - CN109320413, 2019, A Location in patent: Paragraph 0086; 0087; 0088
[2]Wakuluk-Machado, Anne-Marie; Dewez, Damien F.; Baguia, Hajar; Imbratta, Miguel; Echeverria, Pierre-Georges; Evano, Gwilherm [Organic Process Research and Development, 2020, vol. 24, # 5, p. 713 - 723]

83
C₂₇H₃₄O₈ [ No CAS ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₃₅H₃₉FO₉ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
96.4%	With dmap; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃;	3.5.3. General Procedure for the Preparation of 8a-8i General procedure: Compound 8 (5.0 mg, 0.01 mmol) and various organic acid (1.5 eq.) were dissolved indry dichloromethane (2.0 mL). Then the mixture was combined with DCC (1.5 eq.) and DMAP(1.0 eq.), and then stirred at room temperature for 3-5 h [16]. TLC was used to monitor theproducts. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solvent was evaporated. The resultingresidue was dissolved in acetone or acetonitrile; whereas the insoluble matter was precipitated bycentrifugation. The supernatant was purified by RP18 HPLC to afford the pure corresponding esterifiedproducts (8a-8i).

Reference： [1]Ren, Jing-Ling; Zou, Xiao-Peng; Li, Wan-Shan; Shen, Li; Wu, Jun [Marine Drugs, 2018, vol. 16, # 11]

84
[ 2150-42-7 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
C₁₆H₁₅FO₃ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2019,vol. 29,p. 2090 - 2093

85
[ 331003-75-9 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2-ethoxyphenyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: o-Tolylacetic acid (0.59 g; 1.0 equiv; 3.77 mmol) and47.0 mg 4-DMAP (10 mol %; 0.38 mmol) were added to a100-mL round flask containing 1 g compound c (3.77 mmol) and stirred in an ice bath for 5 min after the addition of 20 mL methylene chloride. Afterward, 0.80 g DCC (1.0 equiv; 3.77 mmol) was added into the mixture and allowed to react for 3 h at room temperature, until the starting materials (TLC analysis) began to disappear. The resulting DHU was filtered under reduced pressure. The filtrate was extracted using 0.5 M HCl and a saturated solution of NaHCO3 in order. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure after dehydration using anhydrousMgSO4. The purified solid was obtained by recrystallization from ethanol as a light yellow solid. Synthesis of compounds 39-57 is shown in Scheme 1.

Reference： [1]Archives of Pharmacal Research,2019,vol. 42,p. 790 - 814

86
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 243145-83-7 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
63%	With potassium ethoxide; In 1,4-dioxane; at 100℃; for 24h;	To a 100 mL reaction flask equipped with a stir bar, add <strong>[243145-83-7]4-fluorobenzylboronic acid pinacol ester</strong> (0.3 mmol, 1 equivalent, 70.8 mg) in sequence,Potassium ethoxide (0.6mmol, 50.5mg), 5mL dioxane,Lyophilize the solvent in a liquid nitrogen bath and fill with carbon dioxide three times,The reaction bottle was closed and heated to 100 C to stir the reaction for 24 hours.After the reaction, the reaction mixture was freed from the solvent under reduced pressure,The mixture was transferred to a 125 mL separatory funnel via ethyl acetate, and 5 mL of dilute hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L) was added,Add 40mL ethyl acetate and 30mL water to extract three times,Combine the organic phases and remove the solvent under reduced pressure.Purified by column chromatography to obtain the desired product 4-fluorophenylacetic acid,The yield is 63%.

Reference： [1]Patent: CN110790661,2020,A .Location in patent: Paragraph 0034-0035

87
[ 33631-01-5 ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(1-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridyl)acetamide [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry,2021,vol. 19,p. 6244 - 6249

88
2-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)aniline [ No CAS ]
[ 405-50-5 ]
[ 1621431-72-8 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
77%	With iodine In dimethyl sulfoxide at 95℃; for 8h; Inert atmosphere; Green chemistry;	General procedure for the synthesis of 6-phenylpyrido[2’,1’:2,3]imidazo[4,5-c]quinolonederivatives (3a-r) General procedure: Iodine (1.5 eq) was added to a solution of amine (1.0 eq) and phenylacetic acid (1.3 eq)in DMSO (2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 95 C for 8 h under an N2 atmosphere.After completion of the reaction, ice-cold water was added to the reaction massand extracted with ethyl acetate (210 mL). The organic layer was separated andevaporated under a vacuum. The crude reaction mass was purified by column chromatographyin ethyl acetate/hexane to get a pure compound

Reference： [1]Jinkala, Rajesh; Shiva Kumar; Rapolu, Venkateshwarlu; Nikumbh Satish; Jammula, Subba Rao; Vidavalur, Siddaiah; Hindupur, Ramamohan; Tadiparthi, Krishnaji; Raghunadh, Akula [Synthetic Communications, 2022, vol. 52, # 2, p. 258 - 267]

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[ CAS No. 405-50-5 ] {[proInfo.proName]}

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[ 405-50-5 ] Synthesis Path-Upstream 1~17

[ 405-50-5 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream 1~88

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[ CAS No. 405-50-5 ] {[proInfo.proName]}

Quality Control of [ 405-50-5 ]

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[ 405-50-5 ] Synthesis Path-Upstream 1~17

[ 405-50-5 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream 1~88

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Fluorinated Building Blocks

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