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[ CAS No. 110-15-6 ] {[proInfo.proName]}

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Chemical Structure| 110-15-6
Chemical Structure| 110-15-6
Structure of 110-15-6 * Storage: {[proInfo.prStorage]}
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Product Details of [ 110-15-6 ]

CAS No. :110-15-6 MDL No. :MFCD00002789
Formula : C4H6O4 Boiling Point : -
Linear Structure Formula :- InChI Key :-
M.W : 118.09 Pubchem ID :-
Synonyms :
Wormwood acid

Calculated chemistry of [ 110-15-6 ]

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms : 8
Num. arom. heavy atoms : 0
Fraction Csp3 : 0.5
Num. rotatable bonds : 3
Num. H-bond acceptors : 4.0
Num. H-bond donors : 2.0
Molar Refractivity : 24.89
TPSA : 74.6 Ų

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption : High
BBB permeant : No
P-gp substrate : No
CYP1A2 inhibitor : No
CYP2C19 inhibitor : No
CYP2C9 inhibitor : No
CYP2D6 inhibitor : No
CYP3A4 inhibitor : No
Log Kp (skin permeation) : -7.44 cm/s

Lipophilicity

Log Po/w (iLOGP) : 0.32
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) : -0.59
Log Po/w (WLOGP) : -0.06
Log Po/w (MLOGP) : -0.54
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) : -0.63
Consensus Log Po/w : -0.3

Druglikeness

Lipinski : 0.0
Ghose : None
Veber : 0.0
Egan : 0.0
Muegge : 2.0
Bioavailability Score : 0.56

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL) : 0.0
Solubility : 117.0 mg/ml ; 0.994 mol/l
Class : Very soluble
Log S (Ali) : -0.51
Solubility : 36.9 mg/ml ; 0.312 mol/l
Class : Very soluble
Log S (SILICOS-IT) : 0.61
Solubility : 486.0 mg/ml ; 4.11 mol/l
Class : Soluble

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS : 0.0 alert
Brenk : 0.0 alert
Leadlikeness : 1.0
Synthetic accessibility : 1.29

Safety of [ 110-15-6 ]

Signal Word:Warning Class:N/A
Precautionary Statements:P264-P280-P337+P313-P305+P351+P338-P302+P352-P332+P313-P362 UN#:N/A
Hazard Statements:H315-H319 Packing Group:N/A
GHS Pictogram:

Application In Synthesis of [ 110-15-6 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

  • Upstream synthesis route of [ 110-15-6 ]
  • Downstream synthetic route of [ 110-15-6 ]

[ 110-15-6 ] Synthesis Path-Upstream   1~49

  • 1
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  • [ 57-13-6 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 2
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 23147-58-2 ]
  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
  • [ 18588-61-9 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 3
  • [ 15873-27-5 ]
  • [ 5154-01-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
Reference: [1] Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2014, vol. 289, # 42, p. 29158 - 29170
  • 4
  • [ 97-99-4 ]
  • [ 96-48-0 ]
  • [ 16874-33-2 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
Reference: [1] Tetrahedron, 1991, vol. 47, # 4-5, p. 715 - 724
  • 5
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  • [ 156-81-0 ]
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  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
  • [ 18514-52-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
0.18 mg With ferric sulfate nonahydrate In water at 80℃; for 24 h; General procedure: To model the chemical environment on the outer side of thetubular structures, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with thesodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of preformedMSH [ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, CuCl2·2H2O, Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O,and MgSO4] (2.0percent w/w) at 80 °C for 24 h. In two selectedcases [FeCl2 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O], NH2CHO (200 μL) wasmixed with the sodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected growing MSH (starting from 2.0percent w/w ofthe corresponding salt’s pellet) at 80 °C for 24 h. For the innerenvironment, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with distilledwater (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected MSH (2.0percent w/w) at80 °C for 24 h. The reaction of NH2CHO (10percent v/v) with thesodium silicate solution (pH 12) without MSH membranes wasalso analyzed under similar experimental conditions. Theproducts were analyzed by gas chromatography associatedwith mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after treatment with N,Nbis-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide in pyridine (620 μL) at 60°C for 4 h in the presence of betulinol (CAS Registry Number473-98-3) as the internal standard (0.2 mg). Mass spectrometrywas performed by the following program: injection temperature280 °C, detector temperature 280 °C, gradient 100 °C for 2min, and 10 °C/min for 60 min. To identify the structure of theproducts, two strategies were followed. First, the spectra werecompared with commercially available electron mass spectrumlibraries such as NIST (Fison, Manchester, U.K.). Second, GCMSanalysis was repeated with standard compounds. Allproducts have been recognized with a similarity index (SI)greater than 98percent compared to that of the reference standards.The analysis was limited to products of ≥1 ng/mL, and theyield was calculated as micrograms of product per startingformamide. For further experimental details, see the SupportingInformation.
Reference: [1] Biochemistry, 2016, vol. 55, # 19, p. 2806 - 2811
  • 6
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 156-81-0 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 617-48-1 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 108-53-2 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
0.12 mg With magnesium sulfate In water at 80℃; for 24 h; General procedure: To model the chemical environment on the outer side of thetubular structures, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with thesodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of preformedMSH [ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, CuCl2·2H2O, Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O,and MgSO4] (2.0percent w/w) at 80 °C for 24 h. In two selectedcases [FeCl2 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O], NH2CHO (200 μL) wasmixed with the sodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected growing MSH (starting from 2.0percent w/w ofthe corresponding salt’s pellet) at 80 °C for 24 h. For the innerenvironment, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with distilledwater (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected MSH (2.0percent w/w) at80 °C for 24 h. The reaction of NH2CHO (10percent v/v) with thesodium silicate solution (pH 12) without MSH membranes wasalso analyzed under similar experimental conditions. Theproducts were analyzed by gas chromatography associatedwith mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after treatment with N,Nbis-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide in pyridine (620 μL) at 60°C for 4 h in the presence of betulinol (CAS Registry Number473-98-3) as the internal standard (0.2 mg). Mass spectrometrywas performed by the following program: injection temperature280 °C, detector temperature 280 °C, gradient 100 °C for 2min, and 10 °C/min for 60 min. To identify the structure of theproducts, two strategies were followed. First, the spectra werecompared with commercially available electron mass spectrumlibraries such as NIST (Fison, Manchester, U.K.). Second, GCMSanalysis was repeated with standard compounds. Allproducts have been recognized with a similarity index (SI)greater than 98percent compared to that of the reference standards.The analysis was limited to products of ≥1 ng/mL, and theyield was calculated as micrograms of product per startingformamide. For further experimental details, see the SupportingInformation.
Reference: [1] Biochemistry, 2016, vol. 55, # 19, p. 2806 - 2811
  • 7
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
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  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
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  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 56-06-4 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 8
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 51953-18-5 ]
  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 328-42-7 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 56-06-4 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
  • [ 18588-61-9 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 9
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 51953-18-5 ]
  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 328-42-7 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 10
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 23147-58-2 ]
  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
  • [ 18588-61-9 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 11
  • [ 4553-62-2 ]
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  • [ 123-56-8 ]
  • [ 29553-51-3 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
96 %Chromat. With phosphoric acid In water at 270℃; for 2 h; Example 5 Preparation of a Mixture of Imides From Pure MGN and From Bio-Sourced Succinic Acid [0169] In a 100 mL reactor, are introduced 23 g of 2-methyl-glutaronitrile and then 25 g of succinic acid obtained by fermentation are added. Stirring is applied and 0.1 g of 85percent ortho-phosphoric acid are added. The reaction medium is heated up to 270° C. and these conditions are maintained for 2 hours. By GC analysis, the following results are obtained: [0170] TT percent (MGN)=98percent [0171] RR percent (MGI)=96percent [0172] RR percent (succinimide)=97percent
Reference: [1] Patent: US2013/327988, 2013, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0169-0172
  • 12
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 4653-08-1 ]
Reference: [1] Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1955, vol. 102, p. 113,115[2] Chem.Abstr., 1956, p. 4899
  • 13
  • [ 220819-23-8 ]
  • [ 83-73-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 443-48-1 ]
  • [ 13182-87-1 ]
Reference: [1] Scientia Pharmaceutica, 1998, vol. 66, # 4, p. 309 - 324
  • 14
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 72-14-0 ]
  • [ 116-43-8 ]
Reference: [1] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1942, vol. 64, p. 1572,1573, 1574
  • 15
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
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  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 56-06-4 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 16
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 51953-18-5 ]
  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 328-42-7 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 56-06-4 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
  • [ 18588-61-9 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 17
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
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  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 56-06-4 ]
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  • [ 18588-61-9 ]
  • [ 18514-52-8 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 18
  • [ 13357-09-0 ]
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  • [ 443-48-1 ]
  • [ 13182-87-1 ]
Reference: [1] European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1998, vol. 33, # 9, p. 675 - 683
  • 19
  • [ 220819-20-5 ]
  • [ 130-26-7 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 443-48-1 ]
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Reference: [1] Scientia Pharmaceutica, 1998, vol. 66, # 4, p. 309 - 324
  • 20
  • [ 220819-23-8 ]
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  • [ 13182-87-1 ]
Reference: [1] Scientia Pharmaceutica, 1998, vol. 66, # 4, p. 309 - 324
  • 21
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 79-03-8 ]
  • [ 765-69-5 ]
Reference: [1] Organic Letters, 2017, vol. 19, # 15, p. 3958 - 3961
[2] Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1982, vol. 47, # 23, p. 4491 - 4498
[3] Organic Syntheses, 1992, vol. 70, p. 226 - 226
  • 22
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  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
  • [ 18514-52-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
0.18 mg With ferric sulfate nonahydrate In water at 80℃; for 24 h; General procedure: To model the chemical environment on the outer side of thetubular structures, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with thesodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of preformedMSH [ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, CuCl2·2H2O, Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O,and MgSO4] (2.0percent w/w) at 80 °C for 24 h. In two selectedcases [FeCl2 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O], NH2CHO (200 μL) wasmixed with the sodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected growing MSH (starting from 2.0percent w/w ofthe corresponding salt’s pellet) at 80 °C for 24 h. For the innerenvironment, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with distilledwater (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected MSH (2.0percent w/w) at80 °C for 24 h. The reaction of NH2CHO (10percent v/v) with thesodium silicate solution (pH 12) without MSH membranes wasalso analyzed under similar experimental conditions. Theproducts were analyzed by gas chromatography associatedwith mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after treatment with N,Nbis-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide in pyridine (620 μL) at 60°C for 4 h in the presence of betulinol (CAS Registry Number473-98-3) as the internal standard (0.2 mg). Mass spectrometrywas performed by the following program: injection temperature280 °C, detector temperature 280 °C, gradient 100 °C for 2min, and 10 °C/min for 60 min. To identify the structure of theproducts, two strategies were followed. First, the spectra werecompared with commercially available electron mass spectrumlibraries such as NIST (Fison, Manchester, U.K.). Second, GCMSanalysis was repeated with standard compounds. Allproducts have been recognized with a similarity index (SI)greater than 98percent compared to that of the reference standards.The analysis was limited to products of ≥1 ng/mL, and theyield was calculated as micrograms of product per startingformamide. For further experimental details, see the SupportingInformation.
Reference: [1] Biochemistry, 2016, vol. 55, # 19, p. 2806 - 2811
  • 23
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  • [ 108-53-2 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
0.12 mg With magnesium sulfate In water at 80℃; for 24 h; General procedure: To model the chemical environment on the outer side of thetubular structures, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with thesodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of preformedMSH [ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, CuCl2·2H2O, Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O,and MgSO4] (2.0percent w/w) at 80 °C for 24 h. In two selectedcases [FeCl2 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O], NH2CHO (200 μL) wasmixed with the sodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected growing MSH (starting from 2.0percent w/w ofthe corresponding salt’s pellet) at 80 °C for 24 h. For the innerenvironment, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with distilledwater (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected MSH (2.0percent w/w) at80 °C for 24 h. The reaction of NH2CHO (10percent v/v) with thesodium silicate solution (pH 12) without MSH membranes wasalso analyzed under similar experimental conditions. Theproducts were analyzed by gas chromatography associatedwith mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after treatment with N,Nbis-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide in pyridine (620 μL) at 60°C for 4 h in the presence of betulinol (CAS Registry Number473-98-3) as the internal standard (0.2 mg). Mass spectrometrywas performed by the following program: injection temperature280 °C, detector temperature 280 °C, gradient 100 °C for 2min, and 10 °C/min for 60 min. To identify the structure of theproducts, two strategies were followed. First, the spectra werecompared with commercially available electron mass spectrumlibraries such as NIST (Fison, Manchester, U.K.). Second, GCMSanalysis was repeated with standard compounds. Allproducts have been recognized with a similarity index (SI)greater than 98percent compared to that of the reference standards.The analysis was limited to products of ≥1 ng/mL, and theyield was calculated as micrograms of product per startingformamide. For further experimental details, see the SupportingInformation.
Reference: [1] Biochemistry, 2016, vol. 55, # 19, p. 2806 - 2811
  • 24
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  • [ 79-14-1 ]
  • [ 617-48-1 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 18514-52-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
0.01 mg at 80℃; for 24 h; General procedure: To model the chemical environment on the outer side of thetubular structures, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with thesodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of preformedMSH [ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, CuCl2·2H2O, Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O,and MgSO4] (2.0percent w/w) at 80 °C for 24 h. In two selectedcases [FeCl2 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O], NH2CHO (200 μL) wasmixed with the sodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected growing MSH (starting from 2.0percent w/w ofthe corresponding salt’s pellet) at 80 °C for 24 h. For the innerenvironment, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with distilledwater (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected MSH (2.0percent w/w) at80 °C for 24 h. The reaction of NH2CHO (10percent v/v) with thesodium silicate solution (pH 12) without MSH membranes wasalso analyzed under similar experimental conditions. Theproducts were analyzed by gas chromatography associatedwith mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after treatment with N,Nbis-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide in pyridine (620 μL) at 60°C for 4 h in the presence of betulinol (CAS Registry Number473-98-3) as the internal standard (0.2 mg). Mass spectrometrywas performed by the following program: injection temperature280 °C, detector temperature 280 °C, gradient 100 °C for 2min, and 10 °C/min for 60 min. To identify the structure of theproducts, two strategies were followed. First, the spectra werecompared with commercially available electron mass spectrumlibraries such as NIST (Fison, Manchester, U.K.). Second, GCMSanalysis was repeated with standard compounds. Allproducts have been recognized with a similarity index (SI)greater than 98percent compared to that of the reference standards.The analysis was limited to products of ≥1 ng/mL, and theyield was calculated as micrograms of product per startingformamide. For further experimental details, see the SupportingInformation.
Reference: [1] Biochemistry, 2016, vol. 55, # 19, p. 2806 - 2811
  • 25
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 617-48-1 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 18514-52-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
0.9 mg at 80℃; for 24 h; General procedure: To model the chemical environment on the outer side of thetubular structures, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with thesodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of preformedMSH [ZnCl2, FeCl2·4H2O, CuCl2·2H2O, Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O,and MgSO4] (2.0percent w/w) at 80 °C for 24 h. In two selectedcases [FeCl2 and Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O], NH2CHO (200 μL) wasmixed with the sodium silicate solution (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected growing MSH (starting from 2.0percent w/w ofthe corresponding salt’s pellet) at 80 °C for 24 h. For the innerenvironment, NH2CHO (200 μL) was mixed with distilledwater (2.0 mL) in the presence of selected MSH (2.0percent w/w) at80 °C for 24 h. The reaction of NH2CHO (10percent v/v) with thesodium silicate solution (pH 12) without MSH membranes wasalso analyzed under similar experimental conditions. Theproducts were analyzed by gas chromatography associatedwith mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after treatment with N,Nbis-trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide in pyridine (620 μL) at 60°C for 4 h in the presence of betulinol (CAS Registry Number473-98-3) as the internal standard (0.2 mg). Mass spectrometrywas performed by the following program: injection temperature280 °C, detector temperature 280 °C, gradient 100 °C for 2min, and 10 °C/min for 60 min. To identify the structure of theproducts, two strategies were followed. First, the spectra werecompared with commercially available electron mass spectrumlibraries such as NIST (Fison, Manchester, U.K.). Second, GCMSanalysis was repeated with standard compounds. Allproducts have been recognized with a similarity index (SI)greater than 98percent compared to that of the reference standards.The analysis was limited to products of ≥1 ng/mL, and theyield was calculated as micrograms of product per startingformamide. For further experimental details, see the SupportingInformation.
Reference: [1] Biochemistry, 2016, vol. 55, # 19, p. 2806 - 2811
  • 26
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 51953-18-5 ]
  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 328-42-7 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 56-06-4 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
  • [ 18588-61-9 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 27
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 51953-18-5 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 849585-22-4 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 328-42-7 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 18588-61-9 ]
  • [ 18514-52-8 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 28
  • [ 77287-34-4 ]
  • [ 51953-18-5 ]
  • [ 1455-77-2 ]
  • [ 120-89-8 ]
  • [ 73-40-5 ]
  • [ 328-42-7 ]
  • [ 2491-15-8 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 71-30-7 ]
  • [ 120-73-0 ]
  • [ 144-62-7 ]
  • [ 113-00-8 ]
  • [ 127-17-3 ]
  • [ 66-22-8 ]
  • [ 66224-66-6 ]
  • [ 57-13-6 ]
  • [ 56-40-6 ]
  • [ 302-72-7 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018, vol. 24, # 32, p. 8126 - 8132
  • 29
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 25561-30-2 ]
  • [ 354-38-1 ]
  • [ 40309-57-7 ]
  • [ 55982-15-5 ]
Reference: [1] Environmental Science and Technology, 1998, vol. 32, # 16, p. 2357 - 2370
  • 30
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 75-65-0 ]
  • [ 15026-17-2 ]
Reference: [1] Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, 2002, vol. 119, # 1-2, p. 51 - 68
[2] Chemical Communications, 1999, # 9, p. 823 - 824
  • 31
  • [ 98-52-2 ]
  • [ 110-94-1 ]
  • [ 124-04-9 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 10347-88-3 ]
Reference: [1] Journal of applied chemistry of the USSR, 1984, vol. 57, # 10 pt 2, p. 2138 - 2142
  • 32
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 67-63-0 ]
  • [ 924-88-9 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
97% at 80℃; for 0.133333 h; Microwave irradiation General procedure: In a typical reaction, AMA 2:3 (332 g, 0.6 mol), the corresponding carboxylicacid (1 mol), and alcohol (1.5–2 mol) were mixed in the provided reaction glass tubeequipped with a screw cap and magnetic agitation until a wet mixture was achieved.The reaction mixture was irradiated with microwaves (Anton Parr Monowave 300reactor) at 80 C for 8 min or 120 C for 20 min. On cooling, the mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (41 mL), filtered under gravity, and washed with dichloromethane;then the filtrate was washed with Na2CO3 (ss) and water. The organic layerwas dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give theester.
Reference: [1] Synthetic Communications, 2014, vol. 44, # 16, p. 2386 - 2392
[2] Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements, 2004, vol. 179, # 6, p. 1187 - 1191
[3] Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1983, vol. 48, # 18, p. 3106 - 3108
[4] Journal of the Chemical Society, 1948, p. 631
  • 33
  • [ 7664-93-9 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 598-10-7 ]
Reference: [1] Chemische Berichte, 1911, vol. 44, p. 1024[2] Chem. Zentralbl., 1912, vol. 83, # II, p. 1365
  • 34
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 104-57-4 ]
  • [ 103-40-2 ]
Reference: [1] Patent: US2016/169864, 2016, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0493
  • 35
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 100-39-0 ]
  • [ 103-40-2 ]
Reference: [1] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2012, vol. 55, # 11, p. 5231 - 5242
  • 36
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 100-44-7 ]
  • [ 103-43-5 ]
  • [ 103-40-2 ]
Reference: [1] Tetrahedron, 1989, vol. 45, # 5, p. 1533 - 1536
  • 37
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 100-51-6 ]
  • [ 103-40-2 ]
Reference: [1] J. Gen. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 1963, vol. 33, p. 919 - 922[2] Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 1963, vol. 33, p. 934 - 938
  • 38
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 100-51-6 ]
  • [ 103-50-4 ]
  • [ 103-43-5 ]
  • [ 103-40-2 ]
Reference: [1] Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2008, vol. 78, # 10, p. 1920 - 1923
  • 39
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 123-11-5 ]
  • [ 43212-67-5 ]
Reference: [1] Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France, 1948, p. 567,569
[2] Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1949, vol. 71, p. 633,637
  • 40
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 2216-51-5 ]
  • [ 77341-67-4 ]
Reference: [1] Zhurnal Russkago Fiziko-Khimicheskago Obshchestva, 1902, vol. 34, p. 721[2] Chem. Zentralbl., 1903, vol. 74, # I, p. 162
[3] Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (1912-1977), 1938, vol. 27, p. 753
  • 41
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 2216-51-5 ]
  • [ 77341-67-4 ]
  • [ 34212-59-4 ]
Reference: [1] Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (1912-1977), 1938, vol. 27, p. 753
  • 42
  • [ 67-56-1 ]
  • [ 124-41-4 ]
  • [ 123-25-1 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 6289-46-9 ]
Reference: [1] Monatshefte fuer Chemie, 1911, vol. 32, p. 77
  • 43
  • [ 1492-23-5 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 2185-03-7 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
1.2 g at 50℃; for 2 h; 2 g (9.12 mmol) of O-succinyl-L-homoserine was dissolved in 10 ml (120 mmol, 13.2 equivalents) of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and the solution was allowed to react at 50° C. for 2 hours, and then cooled at room temperature for 3 hours.
The precipitated solid was filtered, thereby obtaining 0.7 g (5.9 mmol) of succinic acid (SA) crystal (purity: 65percent).
The filtrate was concentrated and recrystallized with anhydrous ethanol to yield 1.2 g (8.72 mmol) of homoserine lactone hydrochloride (purity: 95percent).
1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.83 (2H, brs), 4.46 (1H, t, J=8.8 Hz), 4.36-4.24 (2H, m), 2.61-2.51 (1H, m), 2.30 (1H, t, J=10.3 Hz): Homoserine lactone hydrochloride
1H NMR (300 MHz, D2O) δ 4.36 (1H, t, J=9.0 Hz), 4.29 (2H, q, J=9.0 Hz), 2.69-2.60 (1H, m), 2.36-2.21 (1H, m): Homoserine lactone hydrochloride
1H NMR (300 MHz, D2O) δ 2.47 (4H, s): Succinic acid
Reference: [1] Patent: US2014/296466, 2014, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0201; 0202; 0203; 0204; 0205
  • 44
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 469-21-6 ]
  • [ 562-10-7 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
80% for 1 h; Reflux The 40.50g (0.15mol) of doxylamine and 17.7g (0.15mol) of succinic acid was added 250ml flask and 130ml of acetone was heated at reflux until the solid dissolved, stirring was continued 1H; The acetone was distilled off and then 80ml of isopropyl propyl ether, ultrasound 10min, remove the upper isopropyl ether, spin dry and add 80ml of acetone, stirred at 0 °C crystallization, filtration to give the crude product. The crude product was recrystallized twice from acetone (crude 1g: Acetone 1.2ml), 80percent yield, with a purity of 99.88percent, the largest single hetero 0.07percent.
181.8 g at 60℃; The step S1 prepared 136g of N, N- dimethyl-2- [1-phenyl-1- (2-pyridyl) ethoxy] ethylamine were dissolved in a mixed solution of isopropanol 20-30 ° C and ethyl acetate (the volume ratio of 1: 1) was added with stirring 59.5g of succinic acid, warmed to 60 ° C, the reaction was stirred for 0.5 hours and then slowly cooled to 0-5 ° C, crystallization was stirred for 3-5 hours, under nitrogen in filtration, using 100ml of isopropanol and filter cake were washed with 200ml of ethyl acetate, the filter cake p> 0.08,45-50 ° C for 6-8 hours and dried under reduced pressure to yield N, N- dimethyl-2- [1 - phenyl-1- (2-pyridinyl) ethoxy] ethanamine succinate white solid 181.8g, content of 99.99percent,, the maximum absorption wavelength 262nm, 93percent yield, m.p. 105-106.5 ° C, total yield 91percent, as shown in FIG HPLC purity 99.93percent, as shown in FIG GC purity 99.90percent, MS data shown in Figure 1, MS: 271.2 [M + H]
Reference: [1] Patent: CN103524403, 2016, B, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0055-0057
[2] Patent: CN105237467, 2016, A, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0048-0050
  • 45
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 676-47-1 ]
Reference: [1] Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2014, vol. 79, # 7, p. 3152 - 3158
  • 46
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 103628-46-2 ]
  • [ 103628-48-4 ]
Reference: [1] Patent: US2004/143002, 2004, A1, . Location in patent: Page 2-3
[2] Patent: WO2004/99140, 2004, A1, . Location in patent: Page 3-4
[3] Patent: WO2004/99140, 2004, A1, . Location in patent: Page 4
[4] Patent: WO2004/99140, 2004, A1, . Location in patent: Page 4
[5] Patent: WO2004/99140, 2004, A1, . Location in patent: Page 4
[6] Patent: WO2009/37718, 2009, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 10-11; 12; 13
[7] Patent: WO2004/99141, 2004, A1, . Location in patent: Page 10-17
[8] Molecular Pharmaceutics, 2017, vol. 14, # 7, p. 2350 - 2358
  • 47
  • [ 6066-82-6 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 30364-60-4 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
27% With dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide In tetrahydrofuran at 0 - 20℃; To succinic acid (3 0 g, 25 42 mmol, 1 OO equiv) m THF (50 mL) was added a solution of 1- hydroxypyrrohdine-2,5-dione (64 g, 55 65 mmol, 2 20 eqmv) This was followed by the addition of a solution of DCC (11 5 g, 55 83 mmol, 2 20 equiv) in THF (50 mL) dropwise with stirring at O0C The resulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature The reaction progress was monitored by LCMS The solids were collected by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated to give the crude product The resulting solids were washed with THF and ethanol This resulted in 2 4 g (27percent) of bis(2,5- dioxopyrrohdin-1-yl) succinate as a white solid.
Reference: [1] Patent: WO2010/78449, 2010, A2, . Location in patent: Page/Page column 291
[2] Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Division of Chemical Science (English Translation), 1980, vol. 29, # 5, p. 785 - 789[3] Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1980, # 5, p. 1078 - 1081
[4] Chemical Papers, 2016, vol. 70, # 4, p. 505 - 514
[5] Patent: WO2016/205488, 2016, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0264
  • 48
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 88495-63-0 ]
Reference: [1] European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2002, # 1, p. 113 - 132
  • 49
  • [ 108-30-5 ]
  • [ 142037-79-4 ]
  • [ 110-15-6 ]
  • [ 786593-06-4 ]
Reference: [1] Synthetic Communications, 2009, vol. 39, # 19, p. 3444 - 3452
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